tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-42661263243862214612024-03-05T02:57:08.508-08:00JG SpringThis blog has been uploaded and is being uploaded with my research articles published in the journals, articles published in the National English and Tamil newspapers and magazines, records of professional reflections and service jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.comBlogger55125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-76167253728097467302021-06-02T00:08:00.000-07:002021-06-02T00:08:14.022-07:00<p> </p><div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 4.0pt 0in;">
<p align="center" class="Name" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 16.0pt;">Curriculum Vitae<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="Name" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shapetype coordsize="21600,21600" filled="f" id="_x0000_t75" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f">
<v:stroke joinstyle="miter">
<v:formulas>
<v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0">
<v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0">
<v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1">
<v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2">
<v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth">
<v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight">
<v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1">
<v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2">
<v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth">
<v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0">
<v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight">
<v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0">
</v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:formulas>
<v:path gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect" o:extrusionok="f">
<o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit">
</o:lock></v:path></v:stroke></v:shapetype><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_1" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" style="height: 127.2pt; visibility: visible; width: 99pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="140 (2)" src="file:///C:\Users\DRJEYA~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.jpg">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span lang="EN-GB"><br clear="all" />
Jeyaseelan Gnanaseelan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="SectionTitle" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB">Present
Position<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="Achievement" style="margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: none; text-indent: 0in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">Senior
Lecturer in English <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Gr. <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">I</span></span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;"> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>& <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Head</b>, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="Achievement" style="margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: none; text-indent: 0in;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">Department of English
Language Teaching, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="Achievement" style="margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: none; text-indent: 0in;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">Faculty of Business
Studies, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="Achievement" style="margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: none; text-indent: 0in;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">Vavuniya Campus of the
University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="Address1" style="margin-right: .5in; text-indent: .5in;"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Office: 024 2228235<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Mobile: 0094717477503/ <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="Address1" style="margin-right: .5in; text-indent: .5in;"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">E-mail: </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="mailto:jeya86@hotmail.com"><span lang="DE" style="mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">jeya86@hotmail.com</span></a>
<a href="mailto:jeya86@vau.jfn.ac.lk">jeya86@vau.jfn.ac.lk</a>, jeya8866@gmail.com<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">University
Academic Professional Service<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 32.2pt left 3.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">25 Years<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="Address1" style="margin-right: .5in; text-indent: .5in;"><b><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Home</span></b><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">:<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">49/85W, Pillaiyar Temple Back Lane, Kurumankadu, Vavuniya, Sri Lanka</span><span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="Address1" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: 9.0pt;"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Land phone: 0094242223856<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="Address1" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in;"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="Address1" style="margin-right: .5in;"><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Blogs:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/">http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="Address1" style="margin-right: .5in;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><a href="https://twitter.com/jeya8866">https://twitter.com/jeya8866</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="Address1" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://www.facebook.com/jeyaseelan.gnanaseelan">http://www.facebook.com/jeyaseelan.gnanaseelan</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="Address1" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="Address1" style="margin-right: .5in; text-indent: .5in;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">Professional sites: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="Address1" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 85.5pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://www.vau.jfn.ac.lk/fbs/english/index.php/academic-staff/">http://www.vau.jfn.ac.lk/fbs/english/index.php/academic-staff/</a><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>
<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jeyaseelan_Gnanaseelan/">https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jeyaseelan_Gnanaseelan/</a><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="Address1" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 49.5pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">lk.linkedin.com/pub/jeyaseelan-gnanaseelan/23/778/b18<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 49.5pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">vau.academia.edu/JeyaseelanGnanaseelan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 49.5pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=hL_KCc8AAAAJ&hl=en">https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=hL_KCc8AAAAJ&hl=en</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 32.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="SectionTitle" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: red;">Appointment -Promotion to the Post of Senior Lecturer in
English Gr. I<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="SectionTitle" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: red;">Appointment - Promotion to the Post of Senior Lecturer in
English Gr. II <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="SectionTitle" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-weight: normal;">Appointment - the Post of Lecturer (prob) in English
Gr.II from 1st of April 2000 to 24th<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="SectionTitle" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-weight: normal;">Appointment - the Post of College Lecturer (prob) in
English from January 11th of January 1995 to 31st of March 1997 till 31st of
March 2000.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="SectionTitle" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="SectionTitle" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB">Academic and Professional
Qualifications (08)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-no-proof: yes;">Ph.D.</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">in
English, </b><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">University of </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Madras,</b> India, (7<sup>th</sup> April
2006-26<sup>th</sup> <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">August</span> 2009)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">(Thesis: <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ethnic
Conflict and International Relations in the Editorials of Sri Lankan English
Newspapers: a Discourse Analysis</i></b>) <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">MA<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>in English (Distance
Education)</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-no-proof: yes;">, <b>Madurai</b></span><b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> Kamaraj University</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">, India, (March 2002-18<sup>th</sup>
April 2004)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">MPhil</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">in English (Distance
Education)</b><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">, <b>Madurai</b></span><b> Kamaraj
University</b>, India, (May 2004-3<sup>rd</sup> April 2005)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">(Thesis: </span></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">ELT Professional
Challenges in responding to English Language Performance Lapses- A Case Study
of the Vavuniya District of Sri Lanka</span></i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">.).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">CTHE</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">
(Certificate in Teaching in Higher Education), University of <b>Colombo</b>,
Sri Lanka, <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">September</span> 2004<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">MSc in Human Security
(Part-time)</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">,
University of <b>Sri Jayawardenepure,</b> Sri Lanka, (11<sup>th</sup> October
2001-10<sup>th</sup> January <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2004) </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">(Multi-disciplinary<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">: </i></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Personal and Community Security, Political
Security, Environmental Security, Food Security, Health Security, Economic
Security- </span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Thesis</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">:</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Farmers’ Survival Strategies
in an Ethnic Conflict Situation in Two Villages of Vavuniya District</i></span></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">”)<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="DE" style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="DE" style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">MA</span></b><span lang="DE" style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="DE" style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">in Linguistics</span></b><span lang="DE" style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">, University of <b>Keleniya</b>, Sri Lanka,(1st
April 1999-1st April 2000)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">PGD in Education</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">(Teaching of English as a
Second Language</b>), University of <b>Colombo</b>, Sri Lanka, (1<sup>st</sup>
January 1997-1<sup>st</sup> January 1998)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 2.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">(Dissertation<span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">:</span></span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i>An Investigation into the Problems in Using English as the Medium of
Instruction for Academic Purposes of the students</i></b><i> of the Diploma in
Accountancy and FINANCE (94/95) OF The NPAUC, Vavuniya)</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">BA</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> (Hons) Second Upper
(Majors: <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">English, Linguistics,
Philosophy</b>), University of <b>Jaffna,</b> Sri Lanka, (29<sup>th</sup>
August 1988-25<sup>th</sup> September 1993)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 50.2pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: red; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: red;">English Access Micro scholarship Annual teacher training, a
program by U.S. State Department. 2017 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 50.2pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: red; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: red;">English Access Micro scholarship Annual teacher training, a program
by U.S. State Department 2015<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 50.2pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: red; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: red;">A short-term course on Literary Theory: Theories of Reading
and Writing, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 2008<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 50.2pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: red; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: red;">A six-hour course in Teaching Primary and Secondary Students:
Second Language Teaching, the British Council, 2002<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 2.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Awards
of International Accreditation and Grants (03)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Latha; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“Accredited Teacher in Higher Education” awarded by
The Staff & Education Development Association, (United Kingdom) September
2004</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><a href="http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/seda-uk-award-accredited-teacher-in.html">http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/seda-uk-award-accredited-teacher-in.html</a></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">UGC Grant for PhD Studies through National Center
for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences (NCAS) 2005 September
14th)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Gnanaseelan, J. (2011, April 20). Understanding the
Socio-environmental, economic and political systems (SEEPS) of the Mannar
district: A Discourse Analysis of the historical and contemporary texts for
tracing adaptive strategies for sustainable development (The Campus Research
Grant. UJ/VC/RG/2010/03). Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Manobavan, M., Krishnakuamr, S., & Gnanaseelan,
J. (2009, December). Investigation of community-based adaptation (CBA)
strategies for managing environmental stress induced by climate change (the
Campus Research Grant. UJ/VC/RG/2009/01). Vavuniya Campus of the University of
Jaffna.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Teaching
Courses (06)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">English language communication skills and English for
Specific Purposes in sciences <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">English language communication skills and English for
Business Communication <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">English Linguistics and English Literature <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Mass Communication and </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Communication Skills </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Applied Linguistics, Varieties of English</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Sri Lankan
Studies and Social Harmony</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right: .5in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Research Interests (04)</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Multi-disciplinary
Discourse analysis <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">English Language Teaching
and Learning<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Political discourse and
media discourse <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Contrastive and Error
Analysis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right: .5in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right: .5in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: red; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 60.75pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">The
Courses, Programs, and Faculties<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. Teaching English Course Units at the
Faculty of Technological Studies from 2020 to date.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. Teaching English Course Units at the
Faculty of Business Studies from 1998 to date.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. Teaching English Course Units at the
Faculty of Applied Science from 1998 to date.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. Teaching English Literature, Linguistics
and Language skills GPA Calculated Credit Course Units for General Degree in
Arts (internal) program conducted from 1998 to 1999.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5. Teaching English Literature, Linguistics
and Language skills GPA Calculated Credit Course Units for the Diploma in
English (internal) program conducted from 1995 to 1996.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6. Teaching English Language skills Course
Units for the Diploma in Accountancy and Finance (internal) program conducted
from 1995 to 1996.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7. Teaching English Language skills Course
Units for the Diploma in Mathematical Sciences (internal) program conducted
from 1995 to 1996.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">University Administration
and Development Activities<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">1.
Head of Department of English Language Teaching, Faculty of Business Studies of
Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from 18- 03-2018 to 17-03-2021 for
three years.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">2.
Acting Head of the Department of English Language Teaching, Faculty of Business
Studies of Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from 18-12-2017 to 17-
03-2018.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">3.
Head of Department of English Language Teaching, Faculty of Business Studies of
Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from 18- 03-2021 to 17-03-2024 for
three years.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. Acting Officer as Rector of Vavuniya Campus
on 17th May 2019 3.3.2.2. Covering up the duties of Dean FBS on his absence
whenever Assigned 2018 to date<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5. Head of the English Language Teaching Unit
of the Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from 01-12-2011 to
29-02-2012<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6. Head of the English Language Teaching Unit
of the Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from 01-11-12 to 31-01-2013<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7. Head of the English Language Teaching Unit
of Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from 01-02-2013 for three years<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8. Head of the English Language Teaching Unit
of Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from 01-2-2016 for three years;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">9. Coordinator of the English Language
Teaching Unit of Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from 02-06-2005
for one year;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10. Coordinator of the English Language
Teaching Unit of Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from 02-06-2004
for one year;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">11. Coordinator of the English Language
Teaching Unit of Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from 02-06-2003
for one year;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right: .5in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>12. Acting Program Coordinator for English from 01- 10 - 1996 for eleven
months;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 50.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">13. Acting Program Coordinator for English
from 02- 09 - 1996 to 30-09-1996 for month<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Responsibilities in University Programmes and Projects<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. Campus Coordinator for Project
implementation of the Higher Education for the twenty-first century Project
(HETC), Ministry of the Higher Education from 1st August 2011. It is a credit
given to the Government of Sri Lanka by the International Development
Association (World Bank), amounting to US$ 40 Mn for the period of 5 years from
2011 to 2016.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. Co-chair of the Institutional Review
Committee for Self-evaluation Report Writing, Vavuniya Campus 2018.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. Convener of the Silver Jubilee Subcommittee
for Program Arrangement and Member of the Subcommittee for Souvenir
Arrangements– 17th August 2017 at Vavuniya Campus.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. Chairman of the Committee for utilization
of Interest Fund from Bond Breach and Swapping Account, 2020<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5. Chairman of the Technical Evaluation
Committee, OTS, AHEAD Operation, Faculty of Technological Studies, Vavuniya
Campus 2020 -2021.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6. Chairman of the Committee for finding the
Possibilities to acquire additional land for the campus in 2018<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7. Chairperson to the Committee on Improving
English Language Teaching, Vavuniya Campus– University Development Grant for
Five Years – 2010 -2015. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8. The Academic Coordinator, (2002/2003)
Extension Programs in English (Diploma and Certificate) at Mannar Study Centre
of Vavuniya Campus in Mannar. The campus conducted it during the period exposed
to intensive conflict period. However, I managed the program very well, meant
for the A/L Passed outs, the unemployed, the public and private sector
employees in the Mannar district. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">9. the Academic Coordinator, the Vavuniya
General English Language Teaching Center, Vavuniya (1998 & 2000) for two
years.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10. The Academic Coordinator (2009-2010) of
the English Language Skill Development Program for the Public Servants of the
Northern Province of Sri Lanka, sponsored by the Northern Province Council.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">11. Proposal Developer for Upgrading the
English Language Teaching Unit ELTU to Department of English Language Teaching
DELT in the Faculty of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus approved by the
University Grants Commission 2016 – 2017 and established in 2017<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">12. Proposal Developer for new Faculty of Humanities
and Social Sciences, Vavuniya Campus approved by the Senate, Council and the
University Grants Commission for developing the detailed curriculum for each
degree program.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">13. Proposal Developer for Improving English
Language Skills Component of the Faculty Grant Proposal of Accelerating Higher
Education Expansion and Development Operation (AHEAD) Project in 2019. The
proposal won the grant of 100 million SL Rupees, and 10 million was allocated
for the project activity in Improving English Language Skills.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">14. Member of the Editorial Committee of the
Campus Silver Jubilee Ceremony Magazine, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Splendour</i>, 2017, August 17.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">15. Member of the Committee for preparation of
Action Plan and Strategic Management Plan of the Vavuniya Campus - 2010 -2015,
2013, 2016, 2017, 2014-2018. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">16. Member of the Committee on upgrading
Vavuniya Campus as a University, 2015- 2021.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">17. Member of the Ten-Year Development Plan,
Vavuniya Campus 2019<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">18. Vavuniya Campus Teachers’ Association
Representative of the Committee for Comprehensive Planning for Vavuniya Campus
of the University of Jaffna in 2017<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">19. The Academic Coordinator, Extension
Programs in English (Diploma and Certificate) at Vavuniya Campus. The period
covered were 1998/1999, 2002/2003 and 2014/2015. The campus conducted it during
the period exposed to intensive conflict period. However, you managed the
program very well meant for the A/L Passed outs, the unemployed, the public and
private sector employees in the Vanni region.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">20. Chairman of the Department Meeting, DELT
2018-2021<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Students and Staff Welfare Activities at the Campus/University Level.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. The Senior Student Counselor, (2021-2022)
of Vavuniya Campus.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. Chairman of the Inquiry Committee on
Student Discipline, Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna for three years
(2014-2015. 2015/16, 2016/17) <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Spent lot of time and energy for conducing the
inquiry meetings, recording the statements, preparing and submitting the
official reports to the Campus Board. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. Proposal Developer for Encouraging
University Students engagement in extracurricular activities – Cultural and
Aesthetic (Budget Proposal No 112, Ministry of Higher Education -2017),
Vavuniya Campus approved by the University Grants Commission for the grant of
0.7 million.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. Convener of the Subcommittee for Program
Arrangement of the Silver Jubilee Celebration. It was held on August 17, 2017,
at Vavuniya Campus.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5. Chairman of the Committee on reporting the
utilization of the internet Facilities at Pambaimadhu and Administration
Building – 12-10-2017<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6. Campus Coordinator for conducting UTEL
examination for the students, UDG Programme – 2014.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7. Chair of the Organizing Committee – Sri
Lanka University Games – SLUG – 2016 – Route for carrying the SLUG Torch
(26-8-2016 to 01-09-2016) from Vavuniya Campus to Rajaratta University<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8. Member of the Management Committee of Staff
Development Centre, Vavuniya Campus 2019, 2020 and 2021<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">9. Organiser of the Campus Level English Language
Speech and Drama Competitions in 2016.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10. Member of the Carrier Guidance Advisory
Committee, 2020.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Students and Staff Welfare Activities at the Faculty Level.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. Student Counselor, (1995-96), Northern
Province Affiliated University College, Vavuniya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. Lecturer in charge of sports of the
Vavuniya Campus (NPAUC) 1996-1997<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. Faculty Representative on behalf of the
Faculty of Business Studies for the Subcommittee for Education and Research of
the Committee for Gender Equality and Equity of the University of Jaffna.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. Member of the Skills Competition Committee,
Faculty of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus, April 2012.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5. Coordinator of the Sub Activity Team, of
the AHEAD project, Dept of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Science, Vavuniya
Campus, Sri Lanka. 02 May 2019 for two years <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6. Coordinator of the Committee for Strategic
Planning and Monitoring of Faculty of Business Studies from February 6, 2020.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7. Member of Self-evaluation Report Writing
Team of the Program Review, BBM Degree Program, Faculty of Business Studies in
2019.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8. Member of Coordinating Committee and
Program Review Committee – Self Evaluation Report Development – Internal
Quality Assurance Committee, Faculty of Business Studies, 2016-2017.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">9. Member of the Committee for preparation of
Academic Norms of the Faculty of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus, 2016.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10. Faculty representative, Faculty of
Business Studies, Improving English Language Skills, the Higher Education for
Twenty-first Century Project (HETC), Ministry of the Higher Education – 2013,
and 2014<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">11. Assigned senior academic investigator to
study the issues related to The Examination Results for the First Year Second
Semester Examination in Information and Communication Technology – Technology
Scheme in February 2020.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">12. Evaluator for the Faculty Student Essay
Writing Competition under the AHEAD projects 2021 for the Faculty of Applied
Science students. It was held in February 2021.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">13. Member of the Coordinating Committee of
Internal Quality Assurance Cell (IQAC) 2017-2021<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">14. Academic Advisor and facilitator for the
Student Creative writing Magazine, Beacon in 2014 for the students of the
faculty of Applied Science.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">15. The Chairman of the Pre- and
Post-Technical Evaluation Committee for the procurement of ELT Books, OTS,
AHEAD Operation, Faculty of Applied Science, Vavuniya Campus 2020.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">16. Faculty Representative for the University
Development Grant under the HETC project for Improving English Language Skills
for the Year 2014 – Faculty of Business Studies<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">17. Member of the Committee for Strategic
Planning and Monitoring of Faculty of Business Studies for two years,
2020-2021.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Responsibilities in Boards in other Universities/Higher Educational
Institutes <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. Member of the Advisory Board, Two Day
International Conference on Emerging Approaches and Methods in English Language
Teaching (EAMELT);<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>organized by The
Global Association of English Studies and All India Network of English Teachers
( AINET) 09 and 10 -12-2015 at Dept. of English, School of Science and
Humanities, Kongu Engineering College, India<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. Youth Policy Forum Panellist for forming
the National Youth Policy of Sri Lanka organized by the Faculty of Humanities
and Social Sciences, OUSL.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. A Member of the Selection Committee –
Senate Nominee for the promotion to the Post of Senior Lecturer Gr. I<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dept. of Languages, Faculty of Arts &
Culture, Eastern University of Sri Lanka. On 16th May 2016.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. Evaluator for Confirmation & Promotion
– Senior Lecturer II, Department of Languages, Faculty of Arts & Culture,
Eastern University, Sri Lanka. 30-06-18<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Member of
National/International Bodies and societies <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. Member of the Standing Committee in Teaching English as a Second
Language at the UGC and national level from 2013 for 07 years. When I was the
Head of the ELTU, I started attending the meetings at the UGC. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. Member of the Steering Committee to establish UTEL Services,
University Grants Commission, Sri Lanka 2016-2020 for five years. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Membership - Sri Lanka
Association for Improving Higher Education Effectiveness (SLIHEE) 2020 –
Established in 1997<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. Life Member – The Royal Asiatic Society of Sri Lanka (RASSL) -
Established on February 07, 1845<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5. Life member – Sri Lanka Red Cross Society from 17th July 2001 –
Membership No. B25/028/L/781/2001<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6. Member of Sri Lanka Association of Advancement of Science (SLAS)
27-03-2009.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7. Sri Lanka English Language Teachers’ Association (SLELTA) 22 Feb 2002
to 22nd February 2003.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8. Life Member, the Automobile Association of Ceylon, No: G3627<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">9.
Member of Alumnae Association of the National Centre for Advanced Studies
(NCAS), Sri Lanka<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Responsibilities
in Associations and Societies<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. President for two times, Vavuniya Campus
Teachers’ Association, The University of Jaffna, (2009-2010, 2012-2013) for two
years. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. General Secretary for one year, Vavuniya Campus
Teachers’ Association, University of Jaffna, (2002-2003)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. Vice-President, Vavuniya Campus Teachers’
Association, University of Jaffna, (2013-2014)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. The Senior Treasurer and Patron of the Christian
Students Union from 2010 to 2017.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5. General Secretary for three years, Vavuniya
Campus Teachers’ Association, University of Jaffna, (2009-2010; 2010-2011,
2011-2012) for three Years. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6. Assistant Secretary and Executive Committee
Member four times, Vavuniya Campus Teachers’ Association, University of Jaffna,
(2014-2015, 2015-2016; 2018-2019, 2020, 2021)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">7. Chairperson of the
Sub-committee for handling land issues - <b>Vavuniya Campus Teachers’
Association – 2018 onwards.</b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Contributions at National/International level<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. Resource Person the National Workshop for
‘Child Rights and UN Convention on the Rights of the Child’ and ‘American
Education System.’<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Under the Rainbow
Access Holiday Camp 2017 Program conducted by Rainbow Resources Lanka sponsored
by the Access Program of the USA government at the Institute of Addiction
Management Training Center, Kaluthara of the Jinasena Training and
Rehabilitation Trust, Sri Lanka. (2017, August 21st to 26th)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. President of the Educational Development
Society, Raise to Rise (RtR) at Vidathal Thivu, Mannar for five years. It was
started in 2010. It is a syndicate for sustaining Development Synergy at the
local and rural level in Mannar. You have been serving as a Board Member of the
Society from 2016 onwards. You initiated the society and launched its first
newsletter.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. Center Coordinator, Vavuniya, Global Access
Program of the US Government 2014/16, English Micro-scholarships Program,
nationally implemented by the Rainbow Institute of Communication and English
for two years. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. Resource Person for the Two-day Training
Program for the Research Staff of the Members of Parliament organized by USAID
on 28th and 29th January 2016 at CETRAC, Battaramulla Under the USAID Funded
Sri Lanka Parliament Project.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5. Campus Representative in Divi Neguma
National Programme -2013 at the District Secretariat, Vavuniya, on the
invitation of the District Secretary<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6. Resource person in the field study program
June 22-23, 2011 in Batticaloa hosted by the Claremont Graduate University,
School of Community and Global Health180 East Via Verde, Suite 100 San Dimas,
California<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>91773-3901, supported by the
U.S. National Institutes of Health, Fogarty International Center training
grant: Pacific Rim Global Health Framework (PRGHF).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7. Judge of ‘the Spell Master” competition
(two times) in the Northern<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and
Eastern<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Provinces, organized at the
national level by the CIMA, Sri Lanka, 2009 and 2011 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8. Speaker at UN75 Global Peace
Inter-generational Dialogues Platform organized by Global Peace Citizen, a UN
Body on 5th February 2021.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">9. Field Coordinator of the Vanni region for
the Household Survey on Development and Needs Assessment coordinated by the
Agribusiness Centre, Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Peradeniya in
affiliation with GTZ, an International non-governmental organization, 2010.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10. Guest Speaker on ‘Social Justice and the
Sri Lankan Context’ a Guest Talk at the event observing he International Day of
Social Justice to the Public Servants of Vavuniya District and four Divisional
Secretariats, at Vavuniya Cultural Hall, Vavuniya. The Election Commission, Sri
Lanka and the District Secretariat, Vavuniya, was jointly organised on February
20, 2020.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">11. Guest Speaker on University Education and
Life and Prevention on Using Alcohol and Drugs, and Awareness Program to the
University Entrants, of Vavuniya, Mannar, and Mullaitivu of the Vanni Region.
It was organized under the direction of His Excellency the President of Sri
Lanka in the President’s secretary’s letter ref. PS/DP/01/04/UGC dated 11th
November 2016. Prof. S. Srisena was the coordinator at the national level
program.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">12. Resource Person for the English as a Life
Skill program organized by the Presidential Task Forces in collaboration with
the Ministry of Education for the School principals in Vavuniya District from
October to December 2011.It was held at the Computer Center of the Vavuniya
Zonal Education Office.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">13. Judge (6 times) for English competitions
held <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">at the Zonal level held at Al Azar Muslim
M.M.V Vavuniya in 2013 organized by the Zonal Education Department, Mannar on
July 12th 2013;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">at the District level held at Saivapragasa
M.M.V Vavuniya in 2012 organized by the Education Department, Vavuniya on
01-08-2012 to 04-08-2012; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">at the Divisional level held at Vavuniya Tamil
M.M.V Vavuniya in 2013 organized by the Zonal Education Department, Vavuniya; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">at both Divisional and the District level,
Vavuniya organized by the Education Department, Vavuniya in 2011<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">14. Resource person for ‘Doing Research for Advancement
of Knowledge- Experience from Senor Academics and Recent Alumnae.’ the National
Centre for Advanced Studies at the NCAS premises in Colombo, Sri Lanka (2011,
October 27-28). <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">18. Speaker in a Seminar on the Presidential
Initiative on English as a life skill – Presidential task force on English and
IT- on 13th Sept 2010 at the Rambaikulam Girls’ School, Vavuniya. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">International Participation and Contribution (In Person before the
COVID19)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">16. International Participation and Contribution
(in person) at the Significant Scholarly Symposium on Spirit in the Dark:
Commemorating 50 years of James Cone’s ground-breaking book, Black Theology
& Black Power, held at The Rotunda, the Dome Room, University of Virginia,
1826 University Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22904, The United States of America
on 29th and 30th March 2019 Organized by Department of Religious Studies<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">17. International Participation and
Contribution (in person) Significant at the Conference International Conference
on the Politics of Gender, Sexuality, and Pedagogy in a ‘Post-Truth’ World,
held at RMIT University, School of Education PO Box 71, Bundoora VIC 3083,
Melbourne Australia on 12th and 13th December 2017.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">19. Two day National Seminar on Information
and Communication Laws. Organized by Dept. of Legal Studies, University of
Madras, Chennai, India on 22nd and 23rd March 2007<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">20. UGC National seminar on Psychology:
Promoting Corporate Excellence at Dept. of Psychology, University of Madras,
Chennai, India On 1st and 2nd February 2008<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">21. Twelfth National Workshop of the Forum on
Contemporary Theory, Vadodara, Gujarat, India held at the Center for
Contemporary Theory during 3rd to 5th November 2007 India.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">22. National Seminar on Changing Power
Equation: a gender perspective held at the University of Madras, Chepauk,
Chennai on 21st and 22nd August 2007.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">23. National Seminar on After Globalization:
Resurgence of History, Ideology, Nation and Religion during 23rd to 24th
November 2006 at Dept. of Humanities and social science, IIT, Madras, India.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.3.14.24. National Seminar on subaltern
Hermeneutics and social Transformation held at the Dept. of Christian Studies
of the University of Madras, Chepauk, Chennai on 19th and 20th September 2006.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.3.14.25. Keynote Speaker/Chief Guest/Special
Guest:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The English Day, Hindu College,
Bambalapittiya, Colombo on 4th November 2019;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
Annual Prize Day, St. Xavier’s Boy’s College, Mannar on 07th November 2019; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Launching Vannokku and Certificate Awarding at
the SLIATE, ATI, Vavuniya on 16th July 2019; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The Awarding Ceremony of the Special Intensive
English Language Teaching Program held on 29th October 2017 at Nedunkerny
Mahavidyalayam in the Morning; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">the English Day Ceremony held at the
Rambaikkulam Girls’ M.M.V Vavuniya on 31st<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>October 2014; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">at the College of Education, Vavuniya on<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>26-10-2013 in a Christian Conference; at the
College of Education,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Vavuniya on
09-11-2013 in an inauguration session for graduate<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>teacher trainers; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">at the Elites Center for Business and
Computing (ECBC) centre for conducting Gateway English programme sponsored by
John Keells Consortium, Sri Lanka, Vavuniya on 13-11-13; 29-10-2017 <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Resource person in Seminars/lectures to other universities and
institutions: <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. The Business Communication program
organized by the Postgraduate Institute of Management of the University of Sri
Jayawardenepura in collaboration with the Corporate Skills for the students of
the Master <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">of Public Administration at the Vavuniya Study
Centre from October to December 2011.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">2. The Internal BA degree in Languages and Cultures of the Faculty of
Arts and Cultures of the Eastern University of Sri Lanka <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Novels EN 32223 for one year for from 23rd May
2016<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Social History of England EN 2113 for three
years from October 2014 to Feb 2015- One semester; from 03-09-2015 to
07-02-2016 - One semester; from 20-06-2016 to December 2016- One semester; from
28-05-2018 for one Semester.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">3. The Internal BA degree in Languages at the Trincomalee Campus of the
Eastern University of Sri Lanka <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Classical English Drama from April 2015- One
semester<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Linguistic Principles of Translation LING3113
for three years for from October 2013- One semester; from April 2015- One
semester; from February 2016- One semester<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Practical Criticism LANG 3183 Yr III Semester
I from February 2016- One semester <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Varieties of English LANG 3193 for three years
for Yr II Semester II 45 hours from 15-09- 2013- One semester; from August
2014- One semester; from September 2015- <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">One semester; from 17-10-2016 - One semester<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Introduction to Fiction (LANG 2133)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>from January 2014 –One semester.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>4. The BA Social Sciences of the
Open University of Sri Lanka, Vavuniya Study Centre. Mass<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Communication (from 2010 to 2015).<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Mass Communication I SSU 1201; 15th July 2013
to 14<sup>th</sup> June 2014; 1<sup>st</sup> February 2011 to 31<sup>st</sup>
January 2012; 1<sup>st</sup> February 2010 to 31<sup>st</sup> January 2011; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Mass Communication II SSU 1202; 15th July 2013
to 14<sup>th</sup> June 2014; 1<sup>st</sup> February 2011 to 31<sup>st</sup>
January 2012; 1<sup>st</sup> February 2010 to 31<sup>st</sup> January 2011<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Introduction to Communication Theory and
Practices I SSU 1221; from 15<sup>th</sup> July 2015 to 15<sup>th</sup> April
2016 for one semester;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>from 1<sup>st</sup>
July 2014 to 31<sup>st</sup> May 2015 for one semester<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Communication and Media Ethics SSU 1222 from
15<sup>th</sup> July 2015 to 15<sup>th</sup> April 2016<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Level IV Semester I 5<sup>th</sup> July 2013 to
30<sup>th</sup> November 2013<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Certificate Course in Social Science in 2010 –
Mass Communication <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5. The English language Skill Development
under the multi-disciplinary skill development program conducted by the Human
Resource Advancement Unit, the University of Jaffna in 2010: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. Functional Grammar (ELSD I); <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. Presentation and Soft skill Development
(ELSD 5)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>General English Language Teaching (GELT) Program in 1999 for the
Vavuniya District, Northern Province of Sri Lanka organized by Vavuniya Campus.
The hours covered were 75 teaching <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. Reading Skill, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. Writing Skills, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. Communicative Grammar and <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. Speaking and Listening Skills. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7. The ESL course Units at the English
Language Teaching Centre, Faculty of Arts, the University of Jaffna from 01-01-1994
to 24-09-1994 for nine months.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8. The National Diploma in English Course
Units such as at the Technical College, Jaffna from July 1<sup>st</sup>, 1994
to 30<sup>th</sup> December 1994 for five months. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 39.7pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">English Literature, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 39.7pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Linguistics <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 39.7pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Language skills<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">9. The Higher National Diploma in English
Course Unit, at the Advanced Technical Institute, Vavuniya, from May 25th, 2019
to September 13<sup>th</sup> 2019, for four months. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">English Language Structure, Usage, and
Linguistics (LSUL)-I<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10. One day Seminar on A/L General English Examination
conducted to the A/L students of Mn, Thuya Joseph Vaz Maha Vidylayam,
Vidataltivu, Mannar on June 27, 2017.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Resource person in Workshops<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. ‘Letter Writing Skills in English’ a
Two-day workshop, Local Economic and Social Strengthening Project – Phase II
for Management Staff of the Divisional Secretariat at Vavuniya Division,
Vavuniya. Organized<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>by ADRA
(Adventist Development and Relief Agency, Sri Lanka) (March 10 & 12, 2020).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. ‘Letter Writing Skills in English’ a
Two-day workshop, Local Economic and Social Strengthening Project – Phase II
for Management The staff of the Divisional Secretariat at Venkkalacheddikulam
Division, Vavuniya. Organized by ADRA (Adventist Development And Relief Agency,
Sri Lanka) <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(January 30, 2020).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. ‘Practical Training in Using the English
Expressions in Letter Communication’ a one-day workshop, Local Economic and
Social Strengthening Project – Phase II for Management Staff of the Divisional
Secretariat <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">at Nedunkerny Division, Vavuniya North.
Organized by ADRA <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Adventist Development
and Relief Agency, Sri Lanka) First Day was on September 17, 2020. The Second
Day was on March 16, 2021.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. ‘Letter writing in English’ a two-day
workshop, Local Economic and Social Strengthening Project – Phase II for
Management <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The staff of at
Pachchilaipalli the Divisional Secretariat the Kilinochchi District. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">A Community outreach program. Sponsored by
Adventist Development & Relief Agency (ADRA), Sri Lanka.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(2019, May 9th & 10th).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5. ‘Child Rights and UN Convention on the Rights
of the Child’ for the school children of the Vavuniya District. A Community
outreach program. (2018, July 24th).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6. ‘Professional Report Writing for Engineers’
a workshop conducted to the Engineers of the Vavuniya District, organized by
the Institution of Engineers (IESL) Sri Lanka. (January 22, 2020).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7. ‘Language Structure in the GCE A/L General
English.’<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Participants – the A/L
students of the Vavuniya Ramabikulam Girls M.M.V, Vavuniya. (2017, November, 2<sup>nd</sup><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>& 09th).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8. ‘Summarizing Skill in the GCE A/L General
English.’<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Participants – the A/L
students of the Vavuniya Ramabikulam Girls M.M.V, Vavuniya (2017, May, 4th
& 12th ).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">9. ‘English sentence Patterns in Professional
Writing for Engineers’ a workshop conducted to the Engineers of the Mannar
District, organized by the Institution of Engineers, (IESL) Sri Lanka. (March
27, 2021).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10. the O/L English Examination to the
Selected School Students in Vavuniya District on 23rd of October 2019 <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>from 8 am to 12 noon at Saivapragasa Ladies
College, Vavuniya, jointly organized by the Zonal Education Office and the
British College, Vavuniya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">11. The World of Works. The Special projects
for the A/L passed out, a symposium conducted by the National Apprentice and
Industrial Training Authority, Vavuniya, sponsored by the Ministry of Youth
Affairs and Vocational skill <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Development
at Suthananda YMHA, Vavuniya, Sri Lanka. (2011, March 29).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">12. <a name="_Hlk62893619">the two-day
workshop </a>on <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">improving English
Language skills by teaching professionally relevant content-based approaches on
August 18th and 25th, 2019 for 12 hours at the Vallipunam village</span>
Puthukkudiyirruppu, Mullaithivu. It was a Child Fund (NGO) Program among the
Pre-school Teachers.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">13. Economizing housing and feeling personal
and community security in living in the urban habitat. A Symposium conducted on
the world habitat Day at the auditorium of the Saiva Prakasa Ladies College,
Vavuniya, organized by the National Housing Development Authority, Vavuniya
Branch, Sri Lanka. (2010, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">November 25).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">14. The Seminar on <i>English: Why do we need
it in this Post-war Scenario? </i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>for
the A/L passed out students following the courses of the Institute, organized
by the Institute of Information Studies, Jaffna at its premises on October 27,
2011.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">15.
Training Program on Effective Office Management for the Public Servants,
Vavuniya District. It was conducted by the Staff of the Vavuniya Campus for
five days from 1st December 2009 to 5th December 2009. It was held at the
Computer Lab Hall, Vavuniya South, MPCS Hall, Vavuniya. The topic covered was<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Effective
Communication – Written and spoken,<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>08
hours<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Resource Person for Staff
Development Programmes<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1.
English Language Usage in Academic Research Papers: a seminar conducted to the
academic staff of Vavuniya Campus organized by the Staff Development Center,
Vavuniya Campus on November 11, 2020. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">.2.
‘Telephone Etiquette’ a workshop for the non-academic staff, Vavuniya Campus,
organized by the Staff Development Centre, Vavuniya Campus.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(2019, May 22nd).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.
‘Awareness Program on Postgraduate Studies.’ The Staff Development Centre,
Vavuniya Campus for the junior academic staff at the Pambaimadhu premises in
Vavuniya, Sri Lanka. (2014, November 12).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4.
‘Sentence Patterns in Academic Writing. A Webinar Organized by the Staff
Development Center of the Vavuniya Campus on 28th April 2021<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5.
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Role of Academic language
development in postgraduate opportunities, a Workshop conducted for Academic
Staff, organized by the Staff Development Center, Vavuniya Campus on 13th May
2014.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">(As
an active participant in Staff Development Programmes)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6.
Effective Teaching and Learning through Constructive Alignment At Vavuniya
Campus on 08th September 2010, conducted by Sri Lanka Association for Improving
Higher Education Effectiveness (SLAIHEE). <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7.
Significance on Learning to be an academic – an Essence, conducted by Mr S.
Thirukumaran, Lecturer, Dept of Physical Science, Vavuniya Campus on May 19,
2010. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">.8.
Ethics and Academic, Administrative Accountability organized by the Staff
Development Center on 31st March 2021. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Resource person Extension
Courses:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1.
The external BA degree in Languages and Communication at the Trincomalee Campus
of the Eastern University of Sri Lanka.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Syntax
(LANG 3263) for from August 2014 –One semester<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Morphology
(LANG 2193) from January 2014 –One semester<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Commonwealth
Literature (LANG 2193) from January 2014 –One semester.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Phonology
(LANG 2203) January 2014 –One semester.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Introduction
to Fiction LANG 2183 from January 2014 –One semester. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Applied
Linguistics LANG3303 for two years from 11-08-2013 – One semester; from
01-11-2015 –One semester<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2.
The Certificate course in English, Extension Program in English Semester I from
01-12- 2014 to 31-05-2015. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 62.35pt; margin-right: 42.5pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Speaking and listening<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>EECS 2134<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 62.35pt; margin-right: 42.5pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Informative Writing, <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>EECW 1134<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 62.35pt; margin-right: 42.5pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Communicative grammar, <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>EECG<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>1114<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 62.35pt; margin-right: 42.5pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Expansive Reading<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>EECR<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1124<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.
Diploma course in English Extension Program in English Semester 1 from
from12-12- 2014 to 30-05-2015 conducted by Vavuniya Campus during the weekends.
The course units taught were <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1.
Language and Linguistics, I, <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>EEDG
2114 <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2.
Sri Lankan Literature<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>EEDC
2124<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.
Communicative and Seminar Skills I <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>EEDC
2143<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4.
Advanced Writing Skills I, <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>EEDW
2134<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4.
The Certificate course in English, Extension Program in English Semester I from
May 23, 2009, to May 22 2010. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Writing
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>EECW 1134<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>60 hours<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5.
Diploma course in English Extension Program in English Semester I from May 23,
2009, to May 22 2010. The course units taught were <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>English Language and Linguistics
I,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>EEDG<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>2114<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Advanced Writing Skills I, <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>EEDW<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>2134<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Communication Skills I<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>EEDC
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>2143<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6.
First-year Second Semester, Diploma in Community Development and Management
from January 16, 2010, to May 02 2010. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>English for General Purposes II,
ACDM 1252<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>30 hours<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7.
Diploma in Community Development and Management, extension Program effective
from April 10 2010. The course units taught were <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>English for General Purposes II
DCDM, 1252<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>30
hours<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8.
Diploma course in English Extension Program in English Semester II from 07/11/
2009 to 30th March 2010. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>English Language and Linguistics II,
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>EEDE 2254<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Advanced Writing Skills I<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>EEDW 2134<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">9.
Certificate course in English Extension Program in English Semester II from
07/11/2009 to 30/03/2010.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Informative Writing II, EECA 1274<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10.
Diploma in Community Development and Management, extension Program effective
from August 15, 2009, to November 29 2009. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>English for General Purposes
ACDM, 1152,<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>30
hours<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">11.
The General English Language Teaching Program- Vavuniya District in 2002. The
course was conducted from August 26, 2002, for 150 hours. The sessions
conducted were 50 hours of teaching <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Reading Skill, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Writing Skills, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Communicative Grammar <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Speaking and Listening Skills. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">12.
Extension Programs in English, Diploma in English, from 01-01-2002 to
31-05-2002, one semester, conducted by the ELTU of Vavuniya Campus.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">13.
Diploma course in English Extension Program in English Semester II from
01-06-2015 to 31/12/2015 conducted by Vavuniya Campus during the weekends. The
course units taught were <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Language and Linguistics II <span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>EEDG
2254 <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Communication & Seminar Skills<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>EEDC 2283<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Advanced Writing Skills II & <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>EEDA 2274<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Assignment/Project<span style="mso-tab-count: 6;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">14.
Certificate course in English Extension Program in English Semester I from
01-06- 2015 to 01-12-2015. The course units taught were <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Effective Speaking and listening<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>EECS
2134<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>15 hours<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Informative Writing & Assignment<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>EECW 1134<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>10 hours<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Communicative grammar II <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>EECG<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1114<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>10
hours<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">16.
the Extension program in English, teaching Certificate and Senior Certificate
in English programs for two years during the periods of 1995 -1996; 1998-1999.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Resource person for Short
Courses:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1.
Youth Leadership Program for Vavuniya and Batticaloa. The UNDP sponsored it. It
was conducted by the Industry Community Interaction Cell (ICICVC) of the
Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from November 2015 to March 2017.
The session was the Industry Community Interaction Cell (ICICVC) of the
Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from November 2015 to March 2017.
The session was: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">the Industry Community Interaction Cell
(ICICVC) of the Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from November 2015
to March 2017. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Conflict Management<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>eight groups
totaling 87 hours.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2.
Youth Leadership Program for Group C Vavuniya. The UNDP sponsored it. It was
conducted by the Industry Community Interaction Cell (ICICVC) of the Vavuniya
Campus of the University of Jaffna from November 2016 to March 2017. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Human Security in Sri Lanka<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>07 hours <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.
Youth Leadership Program for Vavuniya. The UNDP sponsored it. It was conducted
by the Industry Community Interaction Cell (ICICVC) of the Vavuniya Campus of
the University of Jaffna from November 2016 to March 2017. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Conflict Resolution and
Reconciliation<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>06
hours <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4.
Youth Leadership Program for Vavuniya and Batticaloa. The UNDP sponsored it. It
was conducted by the Industry Community Interaction Cell (ICICVC) of the
Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from November 2015 to March 2017.
The session was: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">the
Industry Community Interaction Cell (ICICVC) of the Vavuniya Campus of the
University of Jaffna from November 2015 to March 2017. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Communication<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Eight
groups - 12 hours each totaling 96 hours<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5.
English Language Skill Development Program for the Public Servants of the
Northern Province of Sri Lanka, conducted by Vavuniya Campus sponsored by the
Northern Provincial Council in 2009-2010. It was a 150-hour weekend program.
Thirty-eight hours of sessions were taken for the following course units. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>SLS 3. Creative Writing and
Correspondent skills<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>14
hours<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>SLS 5. Presentation and Soft Skill
Development<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>14 hours<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Integrated Skill-oriented Project
Session<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>10
hours<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6.
English Training Program for the Pre-school Teachers in Mullaitivu under the
Project Early Childhood Education from October 20, 2018, to January 20, 2019,
was organized by the Rainbow Institute of Communication and English Funded by
Child Fund, Sri Lanka. It was a weekend program of 84 hours. 42 hours covered <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7.
Youth Leadership Program for Puttalam. The UNDP sponsored it. It was conducted
by the Faculty of Management Studies, Rajaratta University, in July 2016. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Communication<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Eight groups - 12 hours each totaling 96
hours<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Institutional Development<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Introduction of new
courses <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1.
Member of the Curriculum Development Committee for Proficiency in English and
Business Communication of BBM (Human Resource Management). Degree program,
Faculty of Business Studies. Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna 2014
and 2015<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2.
Curriculum Developer for General English Courses I, II, III of the Diploma in
Community Development and management, Faculty of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus
of the University of Jaffna, 2010-2011<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.
Curriculum Developer for Proficiency in English and Project Communication
Courses of the proposed degree program in Project Management, Faculty of
Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna, 2010-2011 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4.
Chairperson of the Department Level Committee for developing new English
Language Course Units in the Curriculum Development for BBM in Business
Information System, Faculty of Business Studies. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5.
Member of the Curriculum Development Committee for BICT Degree Program, Faculty
of Applied Sciences, Vavuniya Campus. Especially, in developing new course
units the English Language I and II. 2013-2015<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6.
Curriculum development of the course unit IIT 352-2 Business Communication, Bsc
in Computer Science and Bachelor of Industrial Information Technology, Dept of
Computer Science and Technology, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla.
2015-2016.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7.
Member of Curriculum Revision Committee for the BA (English and Linguistic
Studies) of the Department of Languages and Communication Studies, Trincomalee
Campus, Eastern University of Sri Lanka <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">for
developing the Interim Final Year Syllabus, introducing new course units for
upgrading the three-year degree program to a four-year program. It was
implemented from the academic year 2015 -2016.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8.
Curriculum and Session Developer for the English Training Program for the
Pre-school Teachers in Mullaitivu from October 20, 2018, to January 20 2018;
organized by Rainbow Institute of Communication and English, Sri Lanka and
funded and organized by Child Fund Sri Lanka.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">9.
Chairman of the Curriculum Development Committee for Higher Diploma in English,
Extension Program in English, Vavuniya Campus 2019-2020<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10.
Member of the Curriculum Development Committee for B.Tech. Degree Programs,
Faculty of Applied Science, Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna 2013 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Curriculum planning and
development<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1.
Member of the Faculty Curriculum Revision Committee, Faculty of Business
Studies. Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna (2017- 2021)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2.
Member of the Curriculum Revision Committee – PGD/Master’s in TESL, University
of Jaffna 2019.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.
An Evaluator of the Curriculum revised for the Extension Program in English by
the Sri Lanka National Qualification Framework by ELTU of the Faculty of <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Humanities
and Social Sciences of the University of Ruhuna in March 2016.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4.
Member of the BBM Curriculum Revision Committee of the Faculty of Business
Studies for Proficiency in English and Business Communication of BBM Degree Program,
Vavuniya Campus. (2013 -2014)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5.
Member of the Curriculum Development Committee of Vavuniya Campus 2016<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6.
Curriculum Developer for the Course Unit, ‘Communication and Soft Skills’
(ACU2212) for the second-year students of the Faculty of Applied Sciences of
the Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna in 2018.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7.
Course Completion and Performance Reporter of the English Training Program for
the Pre-school Teachers in Mullaitivu from October 20, 2018, to January 20,
2018, organized by Rainbow Institute of Communication and English, Colombo,
funded by Child Fund INGO, Sri Lanka.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8.
Member of the BBM Curriculum Revision Committee of the Faculty of Business
Studies for Proficiency in English and Business Communication of BBM Degree
Program,, Vavuniya Campus. (2021 -2022)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">9.
Member of the Curriculum Revision Committee for Proficiency in English and
Business Communication of BBM Degree Program, Faculty of Business Studies.
Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna 2014 (letter needed)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10.
Active-Participant and speaker in the Curriculum Revision Workshop of Project
Management Honours Degree Program on 3rd November 2017 at the Faculty of
Business Studies.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">11.
Active-Participant and speaker in the Curriculum Revision Workshop of the
Faculty of Business Studies on December 9, 2019.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">12.
Active-Participant and speaker in the Workshop for the stakeholder meeting for
the Curriculum Revision conducted by the Department of Physical Sciences,
Faculty <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">of
Applied Science on 14th March 2018 at Hotel Oviya, Vavuniya. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">13.
Active-Participant and speaker in Workshop on ‘’Effective teaching and learning
through constructive alignment’ at the Campus Auditorium, facilitated by the
staff <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">development
centre, Vavuniya Campus, on 08-09-2010 conducted by Sri Lanka Association for
improving Higher Education effectiveness (SLAIHEE)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">14.
Member of the Consultants of the Curriculum Revision Committee for BA Degree
Programs, Dept of Languages and Communication Studies, Faculty of Management
and Communication Studies. Trincomalee Campus of the Eastern University of Sri
Lanka 2014<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Development
of new materials for existing courses <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. The course manual for Diploma course in English,
for the three-course units (3 credits per unit and 45 hours per unit) English
Language and Linguistics I and II, EEDE 2254; Advanced Writing Skills I and II,
EEDW 2134, and Communicative and Seminar Skills, EEDC 2283, Extension program
in 2014 and 2015. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. The course manual for the Certificate course in
English, for the course unit (3 credits per unit and 45 hours per unit)
Literature, Extension program, in 2014 and 2015<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. The course manual for the Certificate course in
English, for the four-course units (3 credits per unit and 45 hours per unit),
Speaking and listening, EECS 2134, Informative Writing, EECW 1134,
Communicative grammar, EECG<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1114,
Expansive Reading, EECR1124 in Extension program, in 2014 and 2015<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. The course manual for the Diploma course in
English for the two-course units (3 credits per unit and 45 hours per unit) Sri
Lankan Literature, EEDC 2124 and World Literature in English EEDL 2264
Extension program in 2014 and 2015. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5. The course manual for the four-course units (3
Non-GPA credits per unit and 45 hours per unit) Proficiency in English I (EN
1101), II (EN1201), III (EN2101), and IV (EN2201) for the undergraduate
programme, in the BBM in 2013 and 2014<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6. The course manual for the two course units (2 GPA
credits per unit and 30 hours per unit) English for Business Communication I
(MGT 2142) and II (MGT2222) for our undergraduate programme in BBM in 2013 and
2014 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7. The course manual for the two course units (3
Non-GPA credits per unit and 45 hours per unit) English Language I (ACU1113)
and English Language II (ACU 2110) for our undergraduate programme in BSc in Mathematics
and Computer science, BSc in Environmental Science and BICT in 2013 and 2014 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8. The course manual for Communication in a Short
course on Youth Leadership Program Vavuniya and Batticaloa sponsored by the
UNDP and conducted by the Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna in 2015 –
2017.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">9. The course manual for Conflict Management in a
Short course on Youth Leadership Program Vavuniya and Batticaloa sponsored by
the UNDP and conducted by the Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna in
2015 – 2017 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10. The teaching material on English Sentence
Patterns in Academic Reading and Writing in the English Language Teaching
sessions conducted to the students of all three faculties of the Campus - 2017<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">11. The teaching material on Errors in English
Letter Writing in the English Language Teaching sessions conducted to the
students of all three faculties of the Campus - 2018<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Laboratory
planning and development<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ELTA-ELSE
- Faculty Level Development Project – Faculty of Applied Science 10 – 10- 2019
to 09 – 10- 2020 – Establishment of Computer-Assisted Language Lab Two for DELT
under the Faculty Grant under the Accelerating Higher<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Education Expansion and Development (AHEAD)
operation. Results Area 2, Round 01.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2) Establishment of Computer Assisted Language Lab
One for the English Language Teaching Unit, Vavuniya Campus under HETC
Project.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Improving English Language
Skills, the Higher Education for the twenty-first century Project (HETC)
Project, Ministry of Higher Education from 1st august 2011.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Strengthening
research capacity in the particular HEI as well as in other HEIs<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. Co-editor of the Editorial Board of the Research
Conference on Business Studies (RCBS2020, RCBS 2018; RCBS 2016) of the Faculty
of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus, Sri Lanka. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. Member of the Research Committee of the Faculty
of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus from January 2018 to January 2020.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. Chair of the Technical Session of the
International Conference on Contemporary Management (ICCM – 2019) of Jaffna
University, Sri Lanka, 29th July 2019.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. Reviewer, the Proceedings of the International
Conference on Contemporary Management (ICCM – 2019) of Jaffna University, Sri
Lanka; 29th & 30th July 2019.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5. Reviewer, the Proceedings of the Research
Conference on Business Studies (RCBS - 2018) of the Faculty of Business
Studies, Vavuniya Campus, Sri Lanka. 20 September 2018<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6. Co-editor in the Editorial Committee of the
Research Conference on Business Studies (RCBS 2018) of the Faculty of Business
Studies, Vavuniya Campus, Sri Lanka. 20 September 2018 for publishing the
Conference Proceeding.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7. Chair of the Technical Session, Culture and
Ethics - The International Conference on Contemporary Management (ICCM – 2017)
of Jaffna University, Sri Lanka, 26th July 2017. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8. Reviewer, the Proceedings of the International
Conference on Contemporary Management (ICCM – 2017) of Jaffna University, Sri
Lanka 25th & 26th July 2017.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">9. Member of the Editorial Committee of the Research
Conference on Business Studies (RCBS 2016) of the Faculty of Business Studies,
Vavuniya Campus, Sri Lanka. 24 June 2016<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10. Reviewer, the Proceedings of the Research
Conference on Business Studies (RCBS - 2016), held on 24th of June 2016 Faculty
of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus, Sri Lanka. 2016<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">11. Reviewer, Full Papers of the Proceedings of the
International Conference on Contemporary Management (ICCM – 2016) of Jaffna
University, Sri Lanka 28th & 29th of July 2016.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">12. Reviewer, the Proceedings of the International
Conference (ICE – 2016) of Eastern University, Sri Lanka. 10th & 11th March
2016<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">13. Reviewer, Full Papers of the Proceedings of the
International Conference on Contemporary Management (ICCM – 2015) of Jaffna
University, Sri Lanka 11th & 12th of June 2015.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">14. Reviewer, the Proceedings of the Jaffna
University International Research Conference (JUICE 2014). University of
Jaffna, Sri Lanka, 2014.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">15. Reviewer, the Proceedings of the International
Conference (ICE – 2014) of Eastern University, Sri Lanka. 4th and 5th December
2014<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">16. Chairperson of a Technical Session of the
International Conference on Contemporary Management (ICCM – 2014) Jaffna
University, Sri Lanka, 14th and 15th of March 2014.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">17. Reviewer, the Proceedings of the Jaffna
University International Research Conference (JUICE 2012). University of
Jaffna, Sri Lanka, 2012.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">18. Chairperson of a Technical Session of the
International Conference on Contemporary Management (ICCM – 2017) of Jaffna
University, Sri Lanka 25th & 26th July 2017.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">19. Reviewer for Annual Research Conference,
University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka – 15th November 2010 (ARC – 2010)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">20. Reviewer of the Annual Research Conference,
University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka – 2017 (ARC – 2017)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">21. Reviewer of the International Conference on
Contemporary Management (ICCM – 2014) Jaffna University, Sri Lanka, 14th and
15th of March 2014.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Postgraduate
Research Examiner<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">22. Dissertation in MA in Development Studies and
Public Policy, Department of Social Studies, Faculty of Humanities and Social
Sciences, Open University of Sri Lanka, November 2014. The Impact of Radio
Drama as a development communication tool in peacebuilding: a case study of
bilingual Drama, Kannagipuram<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">23. PhD. Thesis in English, Religion and Gender: a
Study of Githa Hariharan’s Select Novels, Department of English, Annamalai
University, India, 2016<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">24. PhD. Thesis in English, from enslavement to
emancipation: a critical study of Ernest Gains’ selected novels, Department of
English, Annamalai University, India, 2016<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">25. PhD. Thesis in English, on symbolism in the
novels of Ernest Hemingway, Department of English, Annamalai University, India,
2016<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">26. Ph.D. Thesis in English, Department of English,
Anna Engineering University, India, 2014 Computer Assisted Language Learning,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">27. PhD. Thesis in English, Department of English,
Periyar University, India, 2014 on Effective Communicative English Teaching
Techniques for non-English Speakers,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">28. PhD. Thesis in English, Department of English,
Bharathidasan University, India, 2014. Methodical Management of English
Language Skills in College: A Powerful Mechanism for Second Language
Acquisition<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">29. PhD. Thesis in English on Mimetic
Fun(Fi)ctionality of Realism: A Cross-Cultural Critique. Department of English,
University of Madras, India, The thesis was evaluated on 25 -01-2021.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">30. Examiner for the evaluation of dissertations for
Master of Education 2015/16. 3*0.5<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">31. Master of Education Thesis (Batch IV), Vavuniya
Center titled the problems faced by the students of bilingual education in
Trincomalee, by the Candidate, FGS/V/MED(IV)/2015/16/71 in 2016-2017 conducted
by the Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Jaffna<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">32 .Master of Education Thesis (Batch IV), Vavuniya
Center titled the problems of decline in obtaining performance by the
Mullaitivu Students by the Candidate, FGS/V/MED(IV)/2015/16/28 in 2016-2017
conducted by the Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Jaffna<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">33. Master of Education Thesis (Batch IV), Vavuniya
Center titled Improving the English writing and speaking skills by
Activity-based teaching – an action Research by the Candidate,
FGS/V/MED(IV)/2015/16/70 in 2016-2017 conducted by the Faculty of Graduate
Studies, University of Jaffna<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">31. Dissertation in MA in Development Studies and
Public Policy, Department of Social Studies, Faculty of Humanities and Social
Sciences, Open University of Sri Lanka, April 2021. Anger Management in the
Workplace: a case study of a bank.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">32. Dissertation in MA in Development Studies and
Public Policy, Department of Social Studies, Faculty of Humanities and Social
Sciences, Open University of Sri Lanka, December 2013. Effectiveness of Grant
plus Credit interventions in the post-war environment: A case Study about
Micro-finance programs of a women rural development society in the Kilinochchi
District<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Inter-faculty
teaching<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. The first-year students of the Faculty of Applied
Sciences of the Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from 2018 onwards
in the second semester of each year<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>for
four years 2018 – 2021.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The course unit
consisted of 30 hours per semester. Although these disciplines are not directly
relevant to English Language Teaching and the DELT was under the Faculty of
Business Studies, I volunteered. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Communication and Soft Skills (ACU2212) <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Communication Skills (ACU 1210) <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
first-year students of the Faculty of Applied Sciences of the Vavuniya Campus
of the University of Jaffna from 2014 onwards in the second semester of each
year till 2017.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The course unit
consisted of 30 hours per semester 2014 – 2017 for four years. Although this
discipline is not directly relevant to English Language Teaching and the ELTU
was under the Rector, I volunteered. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Communication Skills (ACU 1210) <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Other
contribution to the institutional development<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>1. Member of
the Committee for Development of Faculty By-laws, Faculty of Business Studies
from February 6, 2020, for two years, 2020-2021<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>2. Member of
the Committee for Faculty Building Development, Faculty of Business Studies
from February 6, 2020.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>3. Member of
the Panel for the evaluation of the contributions for promotion to Senior
Lecturer Gr. I, three candidates, DELT, Faculty of Arts, the University of
Jaffna on June 09, 2020.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>4.
Representative to the Department Meetings of Finance and Accountancy, Faculty
of Business Studies from 2013 – 2018<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>5.
Representative member of the Board Meetings of Economics and Management,
Faculty of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus from 2010 – 2014.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>6. Member of
the Committee for Strategic Planning and Monitoring of Faculty of Business
Studies for two years, 2020-2021. 2*0.25<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>7.
Self-evaluation Report Writer of the Program Review, BBM Degree Program,
Faculty of Business Studies in 2018<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>8.Member of
the Interview Panel for recruiting Instructors in English on contract from 2018
to 2021<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>9. Member of
the Activity Team of the AHEAD project Proposal Development of the Faculty of
Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus, Sri Lanka. 02 May 2018<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>10. Member of
the Technical Evaluation Committee of Purchasing Cameras to Vavuniya Campus
July 2017.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>1.6.g. 11. a
Subcommittee member for Souvenir Arrangements of the Silver Jubilee
Celebration. It was held on August 17, 2017, at Vavuniya Campus.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>12. an
Observer of the Selection Committee to recruit to Temporary Instructor in
English, English Language Teaching Unit, Vavuniya Campus for six years from
01-2-2013 to 31-02-2017.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>13. Reviving
the Extension Programs in English after a three-year gap – 2014<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>14.
Contributor in preparing the Strategic Management Plan and Action Plan of
Vavuniya Campus 2016-2019 for four years 4*0.25<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>15. an
Observer of the Selection Committee to recruit to the post of Lecturer in
English, English Language Teaching Unit, Vavuniya Campus on July 16, 2013.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>16. Member of
the Building Committee for Vavuniya Campus in 2011-2012.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>17. Member of
the Selection Committee to recruit to the post of Temporary Instructor in
English, Department of English Language Teaching, Vavuniya Campus on 27th
January 2021<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>18.Senate
Nominee for the Selection Committee for the Post of Lecturer (Probationary) in
English Literature, Department of English and Linguistics, Faculty of Arts,
University of Jaffna 17-07-2018<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>19. Member of
the Panel for the evaluation of the contributions for promotion to Senior
Lecturer Gr. I, one candidate, DELT, Faculty of Arts, the University of Jaffna
on May 05, 2018.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>24. Supervisor
for teaching practice – PGDE in TESL, Faculty of Education, Colombo University
2001.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>25. Evaluator
for Teaching Activity of a Probationary Staff, Staff Development Centre,
University of Jaffna.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Active-Participant in the Workshop<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>20.
Active-Participant in the Workshop on Effective Teaching and Learning through
Constructive Alignment held on 8th September 2010 conducted by Sri Lanka
Association for Improving Higher Education Effectiveness (SLAIHEE) Vavuniya
Campus. (to be shifted to sdc)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>21.
Active-Participant in the Workshop on Leadership Excellence and Personality
Development and Excellent Practices in Human Resource management conducted by
Dr K. Kuhathasan, held on 8th January 2006 conducted by Centre for Leadership
Excellence and Personality Development (CENLEAD) at Vavuniya Campus.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>22.Active-Participant
in Two Strategic Planning Workshops of the Faculty of Business Studies for
2029-2024 on 30th December 2019 and 18th August 2018. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>23.
Active-Participant in the Workshop on Preventing Sexual and Gender-based
Violence (SGBV) organized by the Staff Development Center, Jaffna University on
13th November 2019.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>24.Active-Participant
in Two Strategic Planning Workshops of the Faculty of Business <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Studies for 2029-2024 on 30th December 2019 and 18th
August 2018.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Examination
paper moderator and second examiner and Internship and viva voce evaluator in
other universities<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>1. Moderator
and Second Examiner for the course units for Bachelor of Computer Science
Programs, at Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Applied Science,
Trincomalee Campus of the Eastern University of Sri Lanka following Credit
Course Units.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">First Year First Semester Examination<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">General English Proficiency GEP-1; <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>2014/2015; September 2016;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">First Year Second Semester Examination <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">General English Proficiency GEP-1II; <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>2013/2014; September 2016;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>2. Examiner on
the Internship and Viva Voce for the third-year students of BA in Languages
program, Dept of Languages, Faculty of Arts & Culture, the Eastern University
of Sri Lanka in 2015.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>3. Moderator
and Second Examiner for the course units with credits for BA in Languages and
Communication Programs, Department of Languages and Communication at the
Trincomalee Campus of the Eastern University of Sri Lanka for the 16 Credit
Course Units. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">First Year First Semester Examination: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Introduction to Languages and Linguistics LING 1013-
2012/2013; for two years: April 2015; 2013/2014; January 2016; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Basic Reading and Grammar LANG 1033 2014/2015; for
two years:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>August 2016; 2017; April 2018
Repeat; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">General English I LANG 103 2015/2016; for one
year:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>November 2017;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">First Year Second Semester Examination: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Introduction to Literature LANG 1083; 2017; for one
year:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>April 2019 Repeat; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Basic Writing and Speech LANG 1043; 2013/2014; for
one year:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>January 2016; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Sri Lankan Literature LANG 2123, 2012/2013; for
three years:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>January 2016; 2013/2014;
March 2017; 2016/2017; April 2018;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Second Year
First Semester Examination: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Introduction to Poetry LANG 2103; 2011/2012; for
three years:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>August 2014; 2012/2013;
August 2015; 2013/2014; August 2016<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Advanced Writing and Speech LANG 2093; 2013/2014;
for one year:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>August 2016; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Second Year Second Semester Examination: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Introduction to Fiction LANG 2183; 2014;
External.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For one year:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Third Year First Semester Examination: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Modern Drama LANG 3173; 2010/2011; for three
years:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>August 2014; 2011/2012; August
2015; 2013/2014; August 2018; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Commonwealth Literature LANG 3163; 2010/2011; for
two years:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>August 2014; 2011/2012;
August 2015; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Discourse Analysis LING 3143; 2010/2011; for one
year:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>April 2015; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Linguistic Principles in Translation<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>for one year:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>August 2015; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Third Year Second Semester Examination; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Modern Literature LANG 3203; 2011/2012;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>for one year: January 2016; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Practical Criticism LANG 3293; 2008/2009; for one
year: March 2016; (External); <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Semantics LANG 3313; 2008/2009; for one year:
September 2016 External; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Fourth Year First Semester Examination: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">American Literature LANG 4263; 2010/2011; for one
year: August 2015<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. Moderator and Second Examiner for the BA in
Languages Program (Internal), Dept. of Languages, Faculty of Arts &
Culture, the Eastern University of Sri Lanka for the 17 Credit Course
Units.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">First Year First Semester Examination: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Advanced Grammar EN1112; 2012/2013; for four years:
January 2015; 2013/2014 September 2015; 2014/2015; August 2016; 2016/2017;
November 2018; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Grammar and Composition ENG 1101<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2005/2006; for one year: March 2015; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">First Year Second Semester Examination: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Literature in English – Thematic Approach EN 1201;
for two years:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2011/2012; September
2014; 2012/2013; Repeat; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Literature in English – Thematic Approach EN 1212;
for three years: 2014/2015; April<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>2017; 2015/2016; May 2018; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Second Year First Semester Examination: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Fiction ENG 2102; 2011/2012; Old Syllabus Repeat;
for one year:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The History of English Language ENG 2101<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2011/2012; Old Syllabus Repeat; for one
year:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Classical English Poetry ENG 2123; for five
years:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2012/2013; March 2015; 2013/2014;
April 2016; 2014/2015; November 2016; 2015/2016; February 2018; 2012/2013;
Repeat July 2018; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Social History of England ENG 2113; for two years:
2014/2015; November 2016; 2015/2016; February 2018; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Second Year Second Semester Examination: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Short Story EN 2212; 2012/2013; September 2015 for
one year:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Short Story EN 2213; for two years: 2012/2013;
November 2016; 2013/2014; July 2017; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Advanced Reading and Writing EN 2243; for two years:
2012/2013; September 2015; 2012/2013; November 2016; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Third Year First Semester Examination: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Literary Theory ENG 3101; 2012/2013 – for one year:
September 2014; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Literary Theory and Criticism ENG 3113; for three
years: 2014/2015; May 2016; 2014/2015; July 2017; 2015/2016; February 2018;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Third Year
Second Semester Examination: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">American Literature ENG 3201; for two years:
2011/2012; September 2014; 2012/2013; March 2015; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Sociolinguistics ENG 3202; for one year: 2012/2013;
March 2015; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Novel<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ENG
3223;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>for four years: 2011/2012; Special
Repeat July 2017; 2013/2014; December 2016; 2014/2015; December 2017;
2015/2016; September 2018; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Second Year First Semester Examination in Bachelor
of Commerce: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Business Communication ENG 2022;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>for one year: 2014/2015; December 2016<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5. Moderator and Second Examiner for the BA General
Degree Program (External), Dept of Languages, Faculty of Arts & Culture,
the Eastern University of Sri Lanka for the five Credit Course Units. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">First Year Examination: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Introduction to English Language and Literature ENG
101<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2017; for one year:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Second Year Examination: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">English Poetry and Criticism EN 202; for two years:
2010/2011; Repeat; 2011/2012; Repeat 2017; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">English Drama & Fiction EN 201; for two years:
2010/2011; Repeat; 2011/2012 Part II; 2017 Part I; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Third Year Examination: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Language<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ENG
302; for one year: 2017 Repeat; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Literature in English ENG 301; for one year:
2012/2013; June 2016<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6. Moderator and Second Examiner for the course
units for BSc in Applied Physics and Electronics Programs, at Department of
Physical Science, Faculty of Applied Science, Trincomalee Campus of the Eastern
University of Sri Lanka for the two Credit Course Units.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">English Language AC1110 for one year: 2014/2015;
September 2016;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Technical English II ACU 2210 for one year:
2013/2014; September 2016;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7. Member of the Board of Examiners on the
Internship Program for<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the third year
students following English as a major subject, Dept of Languages, Faculty of
Arts & Culture, Eastern University of Sri Lanka. On 15th December
2016.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Contribution
to the IT based Teaching, Learning and Assessing <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>1. Resource
Person for the Proficiency in English courses and Business Communication course
using four computers aided instructional software to the students of the
Faculty of Business Studies and English Language I and II for Science courses
since 2012 at the Faculty of Applied Science. This software is the products of
Clarity English Company purchased by the University of Jaffna under the HETC
project. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Tense Buster, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Core Skills for Business Writing, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Clear Pronunciation 2, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Study Skills Success<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>2. Resource
Person for the English course units from the beginning of the COVID 19
situation this year using the two virtual modes:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">online (Zoom)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Teaching <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Campus LEARN network LMS <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>3. Resource
Person for teaching and assessing English Language Skills and especially to
Vavuniya Campus students from 1995 to date. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>training in
the IELTS<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Examination materials using
the audio and video and online materials<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>training in
the TOEFL Examination materials using the audio and video and online materials<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Training
via TV, Radio and Tape recorders, video cameras to enhance ELT and ELL. (Mainly
from 1995 to 2005, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Training
via computer language labs, smart phones, CDs, DVDs, and online materials.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">I used branded teaching materials like Cambridge
IELTS and Barron’s TOEFL audio, video, and online materials to give training in
oral and listening skills mainly and for giving training in reading and writing
skills.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>4. Initiating
and developing the DELT website in the Official Campus website with all the
technical requirements with the assistance from the DELT and IT staff. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">I coordinated the development and designing of the
department web pages carefully and successfully published them with all the
needed information.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>5. Resource
person for using Web Apps like Google Forms in developing and conducting 1)
Oral and 2) Listening Tests for the In-course Assessment activities of the DELT
to manage the Covid 19 Pandemic situation assistance from the DELT staff. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">There are around 800 students from all three
faculties to attend both the oral and listening tests each year, and there are
five permanent and three temporary staff in the department. These online
assessment methods immensely helped solve spending staff time physically with
each student for conducting individual oral tests during this pandemic
situation. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6. Resource person for Teaching English Language
Skills using ELT and ELL software to the school Principals of the Northern
Province, Sri Lanka. It was held from December 2010 to January 2011.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Face to Face<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7. The Campus Representative for the University Test
of English Language – an Online Examination conducted at the National Level
2011-2013. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">I organised the computer labs at the campus, running
the tests for around 400 students per year and coordinating the programme at
the national level by attending the meetings and workshops at the UGC.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8. Resource Person for using four additional
computers aided instructional software to the Faculty of Business Studies
students and at the Faculty of Applied Science from 2021. This software is the
products of Clarity English Company, purchased by the University of Jaffna
under the AHEAD project.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. Practical Writing for Life<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. Road to IELTS (General Training Version) – IELTS
Preparation and Practice<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. Road to IELTS (Academic Training Version) – IELTS
Preparation and Practice<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. Active Reading<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Additional commitments in developing and
establishing IT related infrastructure and teaching facilities<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>9. Member of
the Web-committee of Faculty of Business Studies – 2018 -2021.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10. Member of the Information Technology Development
Committee (ITDC), Vavuniya Campus (in the capacity of Head/DELT)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10. Member of the Subcommittee for Enhancing IT
Skills, Proposal for University Development Grant. Vavuniya Campus,
08-03-2010.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">11. Member of the Web-IT Committee for Vavuniya
Campus, 2016; 2017; 2018. Member of the Web Committee, Vavuniya Campus of the
University of Jaffna- 22/11/2012<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><a name="_Hlk66653189"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Consultant
in Development and Research Projects and Publication of Commissioned Reports
(07)<o:p></o:p></span></b></a></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66653189;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66653189;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Mangaleswaran,
T., Morais, N., <b><span style="color: black;">Gnanaseelan, J</span>.</b> (2011, October).
The Market Assessment in the resettlement areas in the two districts of the Northern
Province of Sri Lanka. Implemented by the Consortium of INGOs, consisting World
Vision and CARE Sri Lanka.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66653189;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Mangaleswaran,
T., Morais, N., <b><span style="color: black;">Gnanaseelan, J</span>.</b> (2011, June).
<span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">The Evaluation</span> of the Early Recovery
program in the post-war resettlement areas in the four districts of the
Northern Province of Sri Lanka. Implemented by the Consortium of INGOs,
consisting World Vision, CARE and CRS, Sri Lanka.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66653189;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Mangaleswaran,
T., Morais, N., <b>Gnanaseelan, J.</b> (2011, April). The development of
project proposals for seed production in agriculture and livestock development
and strengthening breeder societies in Vavuniya district. Reawakening Project,
Ministry of Economic Development, Sri Lanka.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66653189;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Mangaleswaran,
T., Morais, N., <b>Gnanaseelan, J.</b> (2011, March). <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">Assessing livelihood opportunities for the returnees from India in the
North and East.</span> Danish Refugee Council, Vavuniya, Sri Lanka. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66653189;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Mangaleswaran,
T., Morais, N., <b>Gnanaseelan, J.</b> (2010, February). Developing
Women-friendly Financial Services in Cooperatives in Vavuniya. Oxfam Great
Britain, Vavuniya, Sri Lanka.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66653189;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Mangaleswaran,
T., Morais, N., <b>Gnanaseelan, J.</b> (2009, September). Assessing Existing
Dairy Market Trends and Potentials in Vavuniya.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Oxfam Great Britain, Vavuniya, Sri Lanka. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: .75in 3.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66653189;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Mangaleswaran,
T., & <b>Gnanaseelan, J</b>. (2009, December). <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">Evaluation</span> of the Dairy Development Project of the Social <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">economic</span> and Environmental Developers (SEEDS)
in Vavuniya. Oxfam Great Britain, Vavuniya, Sri Lanka.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66653189;"></span><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229091597_Promoting_Dairy_Industry_after_the_War-_A_case_study_of_the_Project_of_the_SEED_in_the_Vavuniya_District"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66653189;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229091597_Promoting_Dairy_Industry_after_the_War-_A_case_study_of_the_Project_of_the_SEED_in_the_Vavuniya_District</span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66653189;"></span></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66653189;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66653189;"></span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Workshops, Seminars and
Guest Lectures Organized (01)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">H.K. Nimalka
Sanjeevani & K.S. Arjun (2018, April 18). O/L Science Topics in English
Medium as Student-centred Learning and Activity Oriented Learning<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">. A one day workshop for the selected O/L
students of the Major Schools in Vavuniya. A Community Outreach Program. </span></span><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Article
Publication in Magazines & Journals (Print/on-line) <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">English Language and Literature <o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><a name="_Hlk66653813"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Gnanaseelan, J. (June
2020). Academic English in Research Papers: a Stylistic Analysis of the texts
of Sri Lankan Writers. Journal of Business Management.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ISSN 2651-0189 (Print).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Vol. 03 Issue. 02; June 2020.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Faculty of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus
of the University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>A Biannual Peer-Reviewed Refereed Research Journal. pp. 106-151.
Available at<o:p></o:p></span></a></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66653813;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350040523_Academic_English_in_Research_Papers_a_Stylistic_Analysis_of_the_texts_of_Sri_Lankan_Writers<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66653813;"></span>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> J. & Jeyaseelan, S. (June
2019).<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i><span style="background: white; color: #111111;">The Implications in the Use of English as the Medium of
Instruction in Business Management Courses at Vavuniya Campus</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">. </span><i>Journal of Business
Management.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ISSN </i><span style="background: white;">2651-0189</span><i> (Print).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Vol. 02 Issue. 01; June 2019.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Faculty of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus
of the University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. </i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A Biannual Peer-Reviewed Refereed Research
Journal. pp.<span style="background: white;"> 165-192</span>. Available at<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337114430_The_Implications_in_the_Use_of_English_as_the_Medium_of_Instruction_in_Business_Management_Courses_at_Vavuniya_Campus">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337114430_The_Implications_in_the_Use_of_English_as_the_Medium_of_Instruction_in_Business_Management_Courses_at_Vavuniya_Campus</a><i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. & Jeyaseelan, S. (21 August 2018).<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">
</i></span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Noun Phrase Formation in Business Letter Writing in
English. </span><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Journal of Business Management.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ISSN </span></i>2651-0189 <i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">(Print).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Vol. 01
Issue. 01; 20 August 2018.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Faculty of
Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. </span></i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A Biannual Peer-Reviewed
Refereed Research Journal. pp.34-57. Available at<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327860564_Noun_Phrase_Formation_in_Business_Letter_Writing_in_English">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327860564_Noun_Phrase_Formation_in_Business_Letter_Writing_in_English</a><o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> J. (2013). <i>The Errors in the Use of Article in
Business Letter Writing in English: A Case Study of the Business Management
Students of Vavuniya Campus, Sri Lanka. Proceedings</i>. <i>Vol 2</i>. Full
Paper publication. 3<sup>rd</sup> International Symposium (6<sup>th</sup> July
2013). The <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">South</span> Eastern University of
Sri Lanka. ISBN: 978-955-627-042-6<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/246547124_The_Errors_in_the_Use_of_Article_in_Business_Letter_Writing_in_English_A_Case_Study_of_the_Business_Management_Students_of_Vavuniya_Campus_Sri_Lanka"><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/246547124_The_Errors_in_the_Use_of_Article_in_Business_Letter_Writing_in_English_A_Case_Study_of_the_Business_Management_Students_of_Vavuniya_Campus_Sri_Lanka</span></i></a><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> J. (2011). <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">English
Language Performance and Teaching Profession - a Case Study of the
Conflict-affected Vavuniya District of Sri Lanka. <i>Samodhana</i>, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Vol. II/2011 </i>of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">the Journal of Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, </i>the
Rajarata University. ISSN 2235-9109. pp.61-88. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232698571_English_Language_Performance_and_Teaching_Profession_-a_Case_Study_of_the_Conflict-affected_Vavuniya_District_of_Sri_Lanka"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232698571_English_Language_Performance_and_Teaching_Profession_-a_Case_Study_of_the_Conflict-affected_Vavuniya_District_of_Sri_Lanka</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> J. (2010). <span style="color: #231f20; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The ‘Translocal’ Nationalism of the Sri Lankan Tamil Diaspora: A Reading
of Selected Short Stories of V.N. Giridharan. </span><strong><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #111111; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-family: Latha; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Puthiya <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">Panuval</span></span></i></strong><strong><span style="color: #111111; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-family: Latha; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-no-proof: yes;">:</span></strong><strong><span style="color: #111111; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-family: Latha; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> An International Journal of
Tamil Studies</span></strong>, Chennai - 600 005, India. Vol 2,
No 01, ISSN: 0975 – 6213 ; p.45-56. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>available
at<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><a href="http://www.indianfolklore.org/journals/index.php/Panu/article/viewDownloadInterstitial/776/1005"><span style="font-size: 8.0pt;">http://www.indianfolklore.org/journals/index.php/Panu/article/viewDownloadInterstitial/776/1005</span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><a href="http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/the-translocal-nationalism-of-sri.html"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/the-translocal-nationalism-of-sri.html</span></a><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Media
and Political Discourse Analysis <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (June 2013). <span style="background: white; color: #111111;">Reconciliation
between Tamils and Sinhalese in Sri Lanka: Propaganda in Media Discourse</span><span style="color: #231f20; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">. </span><strong><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #111111; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-family: Latha; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Puthiya <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">Panuval</span></span></i></strong><strong><span style="color: #111111; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-family: Latha; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-no-proof: yes;">:</span></strong><strong><span style="color: #111111; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-family: Latha; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> An International Journal of
Tamil Studies</span></strong>, Chennai - 600 005, India. Vol 5,
No 01, ISSN: 0975 – 6213 ; p.116-128.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>available at <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257938692_Reconciliation_between_Tamils_and_Sinhalese_in_Sri_Lanka_Propaganda_in_Media_Discourse">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257938692_Reconciliation_between_Tamils_and_Sinhalese_in_Sri_Lanka_Propaganda_in_Media_Discourse</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (2012).</span><b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial-BoldMT; mso-bidi-language: TA;"> A Discourse Analysis of Ethnic Conflict and Peace in the
Editorials of English Newspapers – A Case Study of Sri Lanka. </span></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">The Sri Lanka
Journal of Advanced Social Studies, Vol.1, No 2. July-Dec 2011: </span></i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the National
Centre for Advanced Studies of the University Grants Commission, Sri Lanka. Pp.
45-68. ISSN: 2012-9149.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://www.sljol.info/index.php/SLJASS/article/viewFile/4856/3885">http://www.sljol.info/index.php/SLJASS/article/viewFile/4856/3885</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232697620_A_Discourse_Analysis_of_Ethnic_Conflict_and_Peace_in_the_Editorials_of_English_Newspapers_A_Case_Study_of_Sri_Lanka">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232697620_A_Discourse_Analysis_of_Ethnic_Conflict_and_Peace_in_the_Editorials_of_English_Newspapers_A_Case_Study_of_Sri_Lanka</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Discourse Analysis in Diverse Disciplines <o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> J. (June 2020).<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">A critical discourse analysis of a
newspaper editorial promoting insurance. </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Journal of Business Management.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ISSN </span></i><span style="background: white; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">2651-0189</span><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> (Print).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Vol. 03 Issue. 01; June 2019.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Faculty of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus
of the University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. </span></i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A Biannual
Peer-Reviewed Refereed Research Journal. pp.<span style="background: white;"> 48-67</span>.
Available at<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><a href="http://www.vau.jfn.ac.lk/fbs/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/JBMVolume-03-Issue-I.pdf">http://www.vau.jfn.ac.lk/fbs/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/JBMVolume-03-Issue-I.pdf</a><i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: black; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Gnanaseelan, J.,
& Manobavan, M. (2010). </span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Synthesizing the historiographical aspects found in the <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">literature</span> for building a descriptive model of
the man-nature interfaces in post-colonial Batticaloa: A Discourse Analytic
Approach</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Journal of the Sri Lanka Association of Geographers</i>, the Department
of Geography of the University of Ruhunu, Vol. 1, No. 1. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>p. 36-50. ISSN: 2012-8606.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232700821_Synthesizing_the_historiographical_aspects_found_in_literature_for_building_a_descriptive_model_of_the_man-nature_interfaces_in_post-_colonial_Batticaloa_A_Discourse_Analytic_Approach">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232700821_Synthesizing_the_historiographical_aspects_found_in_literature_for_building_a_descriptive_model_of_the_man-nature_interfaces_in_post-_colonial_Batticaloa_A_Discourse_Analytic_Approach</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 454.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 454.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Presentations in National
and International Seminars, Conferences and Symposiums and the Abstracts Published
(21)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Media
and Political Discourse Analysis (09)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .75in 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> J. (2019, December 12-13).
‘A Critical Discourse Analysis of a Newspaper Editorial Promoting Insurance.’<b>
</b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Proceedings of the Abstracts,</span></i><b> 2<sup>nd</sup> International
symposium on Social Sciences and Humanities (ISSSH)</b> on “Development towards
sustainability,” at Waters Edge, Sri Lanka. Organized by the National Center
for Advanced Studies, UGC. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .75in 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Gnanaseelan, J.</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> (2017), 'A Qualitative
Analysis on Historicizing Nationalist Discourse of the Origins of the
Communities of Sri Lanka among the Contemporary Sinhalese<span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">,'</span> Presented at the ICHHN 2017: 19th
International Conference on History, Historiography, and Nationalism organized
by the World Academy of Science, Engineering, <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">and</span>
Technology (WASET) held at Hotel Grand Chancellor, Melbourne, 131 Lonsdale
Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Australia</b>
during <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">November</span> 29-30, 2017.<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321748011_A_Qualitative_Analysis_on_Historicizing_Nationalist_Discourse_of_the_Origins_of_the_Communities_of_Sri_Lanka_among_the_Contemporary_Sinhalese">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321748011_A_Qualitative_Analysis_on_Historicizing_Nationalist_Discourse_of_the_Origins_of_the_Communities_of_Sri_Lanka_among_the_Contemporary_Sinhalese</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .75in 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> J. (2010, December
17-18). <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Ethnic conflict, Peace and
Development in the editorials of the Sri Lankan English Newspapers – a Media
Discourse Analysis.<b> </b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Proceedings of
the Abstracts,</i><b> 9<sup>th</sup> </b></span>Annual Research Conference on
“towards post-conflict development,”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Eastern University of Sri Lanka, p.78<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .75in 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> J. (2010, November 15). <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i></b>Knowledge Construction in Sri Lankan
English Media Discourse for Governance and Reconciliation: A Chomskyan
Perspective<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">. </i></b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Proceedings of the Abstracts,</span></i>
the Annual Research Conference on <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Knowledge
for Reconciliation and Redevelopment</i>, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka,
p.30.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .75in 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><a href="http://www.jfn.ac.lk/news/arc2010-schedule.pdf">http://www.jfn.ac.lk/news/arc2010-schedule.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .75in 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> J. (2008, December
18-21). Making Sense of ‘Democracy’: Constructing Ideological and Attitudinal Positions
in Media Discourse on Conflict and International Intervention in Sri Lanka. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Proceedings
of the Abstracts,</span></i> the 11th International Conference on “<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Democracy in Our Time: The Past and Future of
the Enlightenment</span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">,”</span> Varanasi,
India, the Centre for Contemporary Theory, Baroda in collaboration with the
Department of English, Banaras Hindu University, p.19 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .75in 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><a href="http://www.fctworld.org/Eleventh%20International%20Conference.htm">http://www.fctworld.org/Eleventh%20International%20Conference.htm</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .75in 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> J. (2008, September
26-27). Linguistic Structures and Strategies in Functional English:
Communicating Ideological and Attitudinal Positions in Media Discourse.<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">
Proceedings of the Abstracts,</span></i> the National Seminar on “Functional
English<span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">,”</span> the Dept of Communication
Skills, Mandsaur Institute of Technology, Mandsaur, India.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: .75in 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> J. (2007, December
16-19). Tracing Cultural Nationalism in Traditional Homeland-based Solution to
the Sri Lankan Ethnic Conflict- A Discourse Analysis Approach to the Represented
Media Texts. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Proceedings of the Abstracts,</span></i> the 10th International
Conference on <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Thinking Territory: Affect
and Attachment Towards Land in South Asia</i>, the Centre for Contemporary
Theory, Baroda in collaboration with the Dept. of English of Goa University,
p.28<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: list .55in left .75in 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> J. (2007, December 14). <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Language for Empowerment through Knowledge
Management-A Study of Discursive Structures and Strategies in Media Discourse<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">. </i></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b>In R. Azhagarasan (Chair), <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Knowledge Management</i>.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b>A symposium conducted at<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b>the Academic Staff College Forum, the
University of Madras, India.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: 35.1pt .75in 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> J. (2006, September 21).
The Sri Lankan Ethnic Conflict, Indian Intervention and Global Relations -An
Ideological Discourse Analysis of a Sri Lankan Newspaper Editorial’. In C.T.
Indra (Chair), <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Literature, Language and
Globalization,</i> A symposium conducted <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">at</i>
the UGC Academic Staff College (University of Madras). <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .75in 1.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Human, Social, Economic, <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">and</span>
Livelihood Security and Development (05)<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: .75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Mangaleswaran, T.,
& <b>Gnanaseelan, J</b>. (2010, December). <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">Evaluation</span>
of the Dairy Development Project of the Social <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">economic</span>
and Environmental Developers (SEEDS) in Vavuniya. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Proceedings of the Abstracts, </span></i>the<span class="ecxapple-style-span"><span style="color: #444444;"> International Conference
on Business and Information, the Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University
of Keleniya, Sri Lanka.</span></span> Oxfam Great Britain, Vavuniya, Sri Lanka.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .75in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229091597_Promoting_Dairy_Industry_after_the_War-_A_case_study_of_the_Project_of_the_SEED_in_the_Vavuniya_District">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229091597_Promoting_Dairy_Industry_after_the_War-_A_case_study_of_the_Project_of_the_SEED_in_the_Vavuniya_District</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Mangaleswaran,
T., </span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Morais, N., <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Gnanaseelan,</b> J. (2010, November 15). <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">Developing Women-friendly Financial Services: A Case Study of Livestock
Breeders’ Cooperative Societies in Vavuniya.</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Proceedings of the Abstracts,</span></i> the
Annual Research Conference on <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Knowledge
for Reconciliation and Redevelopment</i>, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka,
p.64.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://www.jfn.ac.lk/news/arc2010-schedule.pdf">http://www.jfn.ac.lk/news/arc2010-schedule.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="ecxapple-style-span"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (2010, June 10-12).<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i></b>Conflict Adaptability Strategies in
the ‘Production” and “Consumption” activities in rural Vavuniya, Sri Lanka.<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">
Proceedings of the Abstracts, </span></i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>t<span class="ecxapple-style-span"><span style="color: #444444;">he 9<sup>th</sup> Asia Pacific Roundtable for Sustainable
Consumption and Production,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the Hilton
hotel, Colombo, Sri Lanka, p. 11.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="ecxapple-style-span"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Mangaleswaran, T., Morais,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> N., <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Gnanaseelan,</b>
J. (2010, June 4). Dairy Market Trends in Vavuniya: Identifying Potentials and
Challenges in a Post-conflict Setting. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Proceedings of the Abstracts, </span></i>the<span class="ecxapple-style-span"><span style="color: #444444;"> International Conference
on Business and Information, the Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies,
University of Keleniya, Sri Lanka, p.3<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://www.kln.ac.lk/uokr/ICBI2010/3.pdf">http://www.kln.ac.lk/uokr/ICBI2010/3.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="ecxapple-style-span"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (2010, March 18).<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i></b>Relating the impacts of the War on the economic and human
security issues of the farmers of Northern Sri Lanka in addressing Prevention
of recurrence, reaching for prosperity after the War. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Proceedings of the Abstracts, </span></i>t<span class="ecxapple-style-span"><span style="color: #444444;">he 12<sup>th</sup> International
Conference on Sri Lanka Studies (ICSLS), Colombo. the Royal Asiatic Society of
Sri Lanka and the Open University of Sri Lanka, p.38 </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://www.royalasiaticsociety.lk/2010/03/18/programme-12th-international-conference-on-sri-lanka-studies/">http://www.royalasiaticsociety.lk/2010/03/18/programme-12th-international-conference-on-sri-lanka-studies/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: list 35.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Environmental and Human Resource Discourse Analysis (04)<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,
J., & Manobavan, M.</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> (2010, January
8-9). <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Synthesizing the
historiographical aspects found in the <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">literature</span>
for building a descriptive model of the man-nature interfaces in post-colonial
Batticaloa: A Discourse Analytic Approach. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Proceedings
of the Abstracts, </i></span>the National Geographic Conference, the Department
of Geography, the University of Ruhunu, Sri Lanka. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/synthesizing-historiographical-aspects.html">http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/synthesizing-historiographical-aspects.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,
J., & Manobavan, M.</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> (2009, October
14). <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">Tracing Development Strategies In The
Environmental Discourse Of S.O.C’s<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Historiography: ‘Monograph Of Batticaloa” – A Textual Analysis.</span> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Proceedings
of the Abstracts,</span></i> the Vavuniya Campus Annual Research Sessions on <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">managing resources strategically for
sustainable development</i>, the Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna,
p. 39<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,<span style="text-transform: uppercase;"> J., & j</span>eyaseelan<span style="text-transform: uppercase;">, s.</span></span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> (2009, October 14). The Construction of Human Resource English - A
Discourse Analytic Approach<span style="text-transform: uppercase;">.</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">
Proceedings of the Abstracts,</span></i> the Vavuniya Campus Annual Research
Sessions on <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">managing resources
strategically for sustainable development</i>, the Vavuniya Campus of the
University of Jaffna, p. 38<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/the-construction-of-human-resource_21.html">http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/the-construction-of-human-resource_21.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,
J., & Manobavan, M.</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> (2009, June
12). A Discourse Analysis of the Historical Socio-environmental perspectives of
the Batticaloa region<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i>presented in
the work of F.X.C. Nadarajah. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Proceedings of the Abstracts,</span></i> the
Annual Conference 2009 on <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Role of
Sociology in Dealing with Contemporary Issues in Sri Lanka</i>,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>University of Colombo, the Sociological
Association of Sri Lanka, <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">p.31.</span> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: list 35.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.5pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Language and Literature in English (03)<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Gnanaseelan, J. & Jeyaseelan, S. </span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(2019), <span style="color: black;">The
Implications in the Use of English as the Medium of Instruction in Business
Management Courses at Vavuniya Campus<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Presented
at the ICSE 2019 : 21th International Conference on Sociolinguistics and
Ecolinguistics to be held in Miami, USA during Mar 11-12, 2019 by the World
Academy of Science, Engineering, <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">and</span>
Technology (WASET) held at <span style="color: #111155;">Holiday Inn Miami Beach
Oceanfront 4333 Collins Ave. Florida, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">United
States of America</b>, </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> J. & Jeyaseelan, S. (25 August 2018).<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i></span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Noun Phrase Formation
in Business Letter Writing in English. Proceedings</span><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ISBN
978-955-7442-19-8 (Print). Wayamba University International Conference, Sri
Lanka (WinC2018). </span></i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>p.295. <i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> J. (2007, March 13-14).<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i></b>The Pain of Living Away-
the Ethno-cultural Alienation, the Sense of Guilt, and the “Translocal”
Nationalism of the Srilankan Tamil Diaspora- A Study of the Selected Short
Stories of V.N. Giritharan. <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">The UGC</span>
National Seminar Session on <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Issues of
Identity and Culture in Recent Asian Diasporic Fiction, </i>Department of
English, the New College, Chennai, India. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://www.indianfolklore.org/journals/index.php/Panu/article/viewDownloadInterstitial/776/1005">http://www.indianfolklore.org/journals/index.php/Panu/article/viewDownloadInterstitial/776/1005</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Citations
of the Research (19)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (2012).</span><b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial-BoldMT; mso-bidi-language: TA;"> A Discourse Analysis of Ethnic Conflict and Peace in the
Editorials of English Newspapers – A Case Study of Sri Lanka. </span></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">The Sri Lanka
Journal of Advanced Social Studies, Vol.1, No 2. July-Dec 2011: </span></i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the National
Centre for Advanced Studies of the University Grants Commission, Sri Lanka. Pp.
45-68. ISSN: 2012-9149.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 6.5pt;">Afzal, N. (2019). Discursive Strategies and Media Representation of
Conflicts. <i>International Journal of English Linguistics</i>, <i>9</i>(2),
1.</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 10.95pt; margin-bottom: 1.15pt; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 6.5pt;">Akter, M. (2014). <i>A discourse analysis
of the 2009 Bangladesh education policy in the local media</i> (Doctoral
dissertation, University of Malaya).</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 10.95pt; margin-bottom: 1.15pt; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 6.5pt;">Martin, O. P. (2013). Analysis of Editorial
Discourse on Environmental Challenges in Nigerian Newspapers: the Case of 2012
Flooding. <i>Studies (Pak, 2010, p. 107; Takahashi, 2008, p. 152-156;
Lawrence, 2004, p. 57)</i>, <i>15</i>.</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Nnanyelugo Okoro (2013). <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">Analysis</span> of Editorial Discourse on
Environmental Challenges in Nigerian Newspapers: the Case of 2012 Flooding. New
Media and Mass Communication. ISSN 2224-3267 (Paper) ISSN 2224-3275 (Online).
Vol.15, 2013<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> J. (2013). <i>The Errors in the Use of Article in
Business Letter Writing in English: A Case Study of the Business Management
Students of Vavuniya Campus, Sri Lanka. Proceedings</i>. <i>Vol 2</i>. Full
Paper publication. 3<sup>rd</sup> International Symposium (6<sup>th</sup> July
2013). The <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">South</span> Eastern University of
Sri Lanka. ISBN: 978-955-627-042-6<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 6.5pt;">Yến, T. T., & Lệ, T. N. (2020). NÂNG CAO KHẢ NĂNG SỬ DỤNG MẠO TỪ CHO
SINH VIÊN CHUYÊN NGÀNH TIẾNG ANH THÔNG QUA ĐỌC BẢN TIN BBC. <i>Tạp chí
Khoa học và Công nghệ-Đại học Thái Nguyên</i>, <i>225</i>(11), 70-76.</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">La Ode Sanu. (2016). EFL Students’ Preferences toward
the Lecturer’s Corrective Feedback in Business Letters Writing. Dinamika Ilmu
P-ISSN: 1411-3031; E-ISSN: 2442-9651, Vol. 16 No. 2. P.221-243</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">https://www.academia.edu/28296691/EFL_Students_Preferences_toward_the_Lecturers_Corrective_Feedback_in_Business_Letters_Writing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> J. (2011). <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">English
Language Performance and Teaching Profession - a Case Study of the
Conflict-affected Vavuniya District of Sri Lanka. <i>Samodhana</i>, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Vol. II/2011 </i>of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">the Journal of Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, </i>the
Rajarata University. ISSN 2235-9109. pp.61-88. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo15; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Punsisi Pavani Alahakoon.
(2017). COOPERATIVE LEARNING AND ETHNIC RECONCILIATION IN ESL CLASSROOM.
International Journal of Advanced Research. 5(3), 389-397. ISSN:
2320-5407.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><strong><span style="background: white; color: #555555; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;">Article
DOI:</span></strong><span style="background: white; color: #555555;"> 10.21474/IJAR01/3524 </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="background: white; color: #555555; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">DOI URL:</span></strong><span style="background: white; color: #555555; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/3524"><span style="background: white; color: #2fa4e7;">http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/3524</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 6.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Mangaleswaran, T., Morais, N., and <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Gnanaseelan, J. </b>(2010). Dairy Market Trends in Vavuniya:
Identifying Potentials and Challenges in a Post-conflict Setting. Proceedings
of the Abstracts, the International Conference on Business and Information, the
Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Keleniya, Sri Lanka,
p.3<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo15; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">13<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Mithilesh Kumar Pandey, Pradeep Saxena, Nand Lal
Mishra. (2016). Feasibility of Traditional Milk Delivery Channel; A study of
milkman’s in Punjab. International Research Journal of Management Sociology
& Humanity ( IRJMSH ) Vol 7 Issue 5 [Year 2016] ISSN 2277 – 9809 (0nline)
2348–9359 (Print)</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/33053821/Feasibility_of_Traditional_Milk_Delivery_Channel_A_study_of_milkmans_in_Punjab_Feasibility_of_Traditional_Milk_Delivery_Channel_A_study_of_milkmans_in_Punjab">https://www.academia.edu/33053821/Feasibility_of_Traditional_Milk_Delivery_Channel_A_study_of_milkmans_in_Punjab_Feasibility_of_Traditional_Milk_Delivery_Channel_A_study_of_milkmans_in_Punjab</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 10.95pt; margin-bottom: 1.15pt; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo15; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">14<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Bhuvaneswari V. (2015). <a href="http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/33788/5/chapter5.pdf">A
Study On Customer Response To Select Brands Of Dairy Products</a>. Page 1. 88
Chapter Iv Analysis And Discussion. <a href="http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/33788/5/chapter5.pdf">http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/33788/5/chapter5.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h3 style="background: white; line-height: 10.95pt; margin-bottom: 1.15pt; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo15; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">15<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">Chandni</span><span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; font-weight: normal;">,
P.S. (2015). <a href="http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/33789/2/chapter2.pdf">A
Study On The Awareness, Satisfaction And Problems Of Health Insurance Policy
Holders In Tirupur District</a>. </span><span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">Page 1. 19 Chapter – Ii Review Of Literature.
<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<h3 style="background: white; line-height: 10.95pt; margin-bottom: 1.15pt; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; font-weight: normal;">http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/33789/2/chapter2.pdf<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Articles Published in the
Magazines<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 51.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Gnanaseelan, J. (2017, August 17). Vavuniya Campus
becoming the University of Vanni, The Splendour, the Campus Silver Jubilee
Magazine.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 51.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 51.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Gnanaseelan, J. (2009/10). De-constructing
Educational management Discourses in Sri Lanka. Volume X: The Management and
Accountancy Union, Faculty of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 51.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 51.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Gnanaseelan, J. (2008/09). Language Education Policies of the Government
declaring 2009 as the Year of English and IT. . Volume IX: The Management and
Accountancy Union, Faculty of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 51.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 51.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 119.25pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Gnanaseelan, J. (2003, December). The Need for Analysing the English
Discourse in Sri Lankan Ethnic Conflict Reporting. Oasis, Vol. I No. I. English
Association of Vavuniya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 51.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 119.25pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 51.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Gnanaseelan, J. (1997).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Christianization of Prospero’s Characteristics ineffective. Stalk,
Version I , English Unit, Vavuniya Campus, University of Jaffna, Vavuniya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 51.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 51.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Gnanaseelan, J. (1995 August) Developing the Reading Skill in Large
Classes. Shuttle, Journal of the Staff Forum, Vol I English Unit, Vavuniya
Campus, University of Jaffna<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 51.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 51.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Gnanaseelan, J. (2020) The Destruction and safety of the Natural
Environment of the VidathalTivu Mangroves.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Renovated Church Blessing Magazine, St. James Church, Vidathaltivu,
Mannar<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 51.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 51.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 84.75pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Gnanaseelan, J. (2004, October). The ‘Would-be Executives’ of the NE
Province and Participation in Business English Meetings. The Executive, the
Faculty of Business Studies of the Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 104.2pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 84.75pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right: .5in; tab-stops: 84.75pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Newspaper Article
Publication (Print/online) (14)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right: .5in; tab-stops: 84.75pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan, J. (2010, August 15). Constructing
‘Corporate University Discourse’ in Sri Lanka? The Sunday Leader<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> J. (2012, November 06). 'Sir' and 'Madam' in Sri
Lankan Universities- the Discourse suppressing creativity and criticism? <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Onlineuthayan, the English News website.</i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> Available at </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">< <a href="http://onlineuthayan.com/english-news/articles/24y2s2e1g1g1" target="_blank">http://onlineuthayan.com/english-news/articles/24y2s2e1g1g1</a>><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .05in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (2012, October 07). Why this struggle? (The Struggle for allocation for
national education sector evolving as a social<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>movement). <i>Thinakkural</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">, The
Tamil Weekly National Newspaper</i>, Editorial Column, (in Print, p.14) <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/the-struggle-for-allocation-for.html">http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/the-struggle-for-allocation-for.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (2012, October 07). The Struggle for allocation for the <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">national</span> education sector evolving as a social
movement<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Virakesari, The Tamil Weekly National Newspaper</span></i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">, Current Politics Column, (in Print, p.11) <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://epaper.virakesari.com/printstoryhds.php?id=1&boxid=30994776" target="_blank"><span style="background: white; color: #0068cf; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">http://epaper.virakesari.com/printstoryhds.php?id=1&boxid=30994776</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/the-struggle-for-allocation-for.html">http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/the-struggle-for-allocation-for.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .05in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (2001, March, 24).A New Flash of Hope<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i>.
The </i></b><i>DailyMirror<o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/a-new-flash-of-hope-newspaper-article.html">http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/a-new-flash-of-hope-newspaper-article.html</a><i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .05in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (2001, April 3).Religious Defense of Justice<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i>. The </i></b><i>DailyMirror<o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/religious-defense-of-justice-newspaper.html">http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/religious-defense-of-justice-newspaper.html</a><i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .05in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (2001, March 24-25). <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-no-proof: yes;">The language</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> of the
War-torn Areas.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i> The </i></b><i>Weekend
Express</i>, Spotlight</span> on Sri Lanka “Infoscope.” Vol.5, No-37- 28th
March 2001, Available at <a href="http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/language-of-war-torn-areas-newspaper_23.html">http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/language-of-war-torn-areas-newspaper_23.html</a><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .05in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (2001, March 19). <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-no-proof: yes;">Ideas</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> about Our Language<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i>. The </i></b><i>DailyMirror<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/ideas-about-our-language-newspaper.html">http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/ideas-about-our-language-newspaper.html</a><i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .05in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (2001, February 17-18). <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">English
Associations in Sri Lanka and Language Change<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i>. The</i></b><i>Weekend Express</i>, <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/english-associations-in-sri-lanka-and.html">http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/english-associations-in-sri-lanka-and.html</a><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .05in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (2001, February 24). <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Bilingual Sri
Lankan Universities, a Necessity<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i>. The
</i></b><i>DailyMirror</i><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/bilingual-sri-lankan-universities.html">http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/bilingual-sri-lankan-universities.html</a><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .05in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (2001, February 3). <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Jaffna Dialect:
Bossing other Sri Lankan Tamil Dialects<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i>?
The </i></b><i>Weekend Express,</i><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/jaffna-dialect-bossing-other-srilankan.html">http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/jaffna-dialect-bossing-other-srilankan.html</a><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .05in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> J. (2001, April 30). <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Whither Sri Lankan Children?<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i>
The </i></b><i>DailyMirror</i>, and <i>The Weekend Express, </i>(April 14-15-series
1; 21- 22-series 11; May 5- 6, series 111)</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/whither-sri-lankan-children-newspaper.html">http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/whither-sri-lankan-children-newspaper.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .05in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">13.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> J. (2001, February, 8).Pope message versus Thero’s
Message<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i>. The </i></b><i>DailyMirror<o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/pope-message-versus-theros-message.html">http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/pope-message-versus-theros-message.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: .05in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">14.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></i><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> J. (1996, January, 17).<span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">New
Universities</span> for Sinhalese and no universities for Tamils<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i>. The Island</i></b><i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .05in; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/new-universities-for-sinhalese-and-no.html">http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/new-universities-for-sinhalese-and-no.html</a><i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Book Review (02)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: .75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (2012, October 17). Book Review of "VIRUTCHAME VELIYE VA" (Seed,
shoot out as a beneficial tree<b>) in English</b>. <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">Written</span> by A. Nishanthan. <b><i>The Island</i> Midweek edition</b>.
Available at Online <i>The Island</i> English news web: <<a href="http://www.island.lk/index.php?page_cat=article-details&page=article-details&code_title=63898">http://www.island.lk/index.php?page_cat=article-details&page=article-details&code_title=63898</a>><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><a href="http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/book-review-of-virutchame-veliye-va.html">http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/book-review-of-virutchame-veliye-va.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>and
on<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>October 18, <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">2012,</span> at <b>Online Uthayan English news web</b>: <<a href="http://onlineuthayan.com/english-news/uthayannews/z29413l1h1h1r2">http://onlineuthayan.com/english-news/uthayannews/z29413l1h1h1r2</a>>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>and</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
on October 20, 2012<b>, in Tamil</b>. Varavasantham, Karuththu, p.6. Published
on 20/1012 in <b>Uthayan Tamil weekly</b>; available at <<a href="http://www.euthayan.com/indexresult.php?id=15130&thrus=18">http://www.euthayan.com/indexresult.php?id=15130&thrus=18#</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><a href="http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/tamil-book-review-of-virutchame-veliye.html">http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/tamil-book-review-of-virutchame-veliye.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: .75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,
J. (2011, June 27). The critical appreciation of the book, Ezham and the
Tamils, published in English in India, 2011. (Also published in the book as
Foreword). <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">Translation</span> of Arul
Selvanayagam’s book, Ezhamum Thamizharum. Translated by T. Marx.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Available at <<a href="http://roughnotebooks.blogspot.com/2011/06/book-on-ezham-and-tamils.html">http://roughnotebooks.blogspot.com/2011/06/book-on-ezham-and-tamils.html</a>><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><a href="http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/book-review-on-ezham-and-tamils.html">http://www.jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/book-review-on-ezham-and-tamils.html</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Short Film Review (02)<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU;">1. The short film Review: Sambalilirinthu (From the Ashes), directed by
A. Nishanthan held at the Centre for the Oblates of the Society for Social
service, (AnnaiIllam), Kanahambihaikulam, Kilinochchi on 20th February
2014.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: PMingLiU;">2. The short film Review: Reviewer of the Short Film, Veham (speed), at
its Launching Event held at Urban Council Auditorium, Mannar on 24th May 2013.
The film focuses on the present youth’s fast life devoid of social
consciousness. It was jointly organized by Kalaiaruvi, Centre for Social
Cohesion and the Centre for Change and New Life in the Mannar District.</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Book Publication<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>1. Gnanaseelan, J. (April 2021). Community
Relations and Histories:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ISBN
9789550442096: Harikanan Publications, Jaffna. First Edition <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The
publishers legally registered in the National Library of Sri Lanka. Pre-fix
Number 624-5786 – Pre-fix Type CPP. Serial No. IS8207. Address, 6772B, K,K,S,
Road, Jaffna. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">500
books printed. Book Launch event held at the Urban Council Auditorium, Mannar.
Evidence attached<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>2. Gnanaseelan, J. (January 2021). National
Conflict and International Relations: A Media Discourse Analysis ISBN
978-1-911-491-01-9:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thesam Publications,
London. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The
publishers legally registered in UK. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">https://thesamnet.co.uk/?page_id=22738.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">500
books printed. Book Launch event held at the Campus. Evidence attached<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Gnanaseelan, J. (October 2019). Vanni Farmers
in Wartimes: a Saga of Human Security in Sri Lanka.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ISBN:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>978-955-0442-10-2 Harikanan Publications, Jaffna.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The
publishers legally registered in the National Library of Sri Lanka. Pre-fix
Number 624-5786 – Pre-fix Type CPP. Serial No. IS8207. Address, 6772B, K,K,S, Road,
Jaffna. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 34.0pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">500
books printed. Book Launch event held at the Campus. Evidence attached<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dictionary
Publication<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Gnanaseelan, J. (2008,
May). Co-editorial Contributor to the Sri Lankan Tamil Lexicon incorporated in
the Comprehensive Dictionary of Contemporary Tamil (Tamil – Tamil –
English)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cre-A: Published in Chennai,
India, May 2008. Publishers: Cre-A Publications. (certification needed)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">This dictionary is widely in use all over the world among Tamils.
The Publishers are highly recognized in India.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">The dictionary has 900 pages. It has a significant amount of Sri
Lankan Tamil words.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">The Comprehensive Dictionary Project work is a classical work
project considering the length of time, amount of energy, and depth of
intellectual input it consumes. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Supplementary Evidence for Publisher Recognition<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Murugandan M.K (2008, December, 7) Sri Lankan Tamil in Cre-A
Modern Tamil Dictionary. Interviews the Chief Editor, S. Ramakrishnan.
Thinakkural Tamil Newspaper<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b>Media Interview
(02)<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Sujatha Chakrabarti</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> (2007, March 23). Linguistics Livens Up. The New Indian Express
Newspaper. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/linguistics-livens-up-indian-express.html">http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/linguistics-livens-up-indian-express.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><a name="_Hlk66654447"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Murugandan</span></b></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66654447;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> M.K (2008,
December, 7) Sri Lankan Tamil in Cre-A Modern Tamil Dictionary. Interviews the
Chief Editor, S. Ramakrishnan. Thinakkural Tamil Newspaper<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk66654447;"></span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/thinakkural-interviews-chief-editor-of.html">http://jgspring.blogspot.com/2012/10/thinakkural-interviews-chief-editor-of.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right: .5in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Translation
and Interpretation<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">1. Gnanaseelan, J. (2021,
May). Porkkalangalil Vanni Vivasayikl The translated adapted version of the
book written in English by me, “Vanni Farmers in Wartimes” May 2008.
Publishers: Harikanan Publications, ISBN: 978-624-5786-01-5<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2. Translator &
Interpreter for the foreign delegates from the USAID who visited and evaluated
the projects implemented in Jaffna, and Kilinochchi and Vavuniya through Land O
Lakes in October 2014.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">3. Translator &
Interpreter for the District Probation and Child Care Services Office Vavuniya
for the workshop conducted by Ms Linda Ross from the UK, funded by HelpAid on
7th February 2020.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">4.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Gnanaseelan, J. (2012, October 17). Book
Review of "VIRUTCHAME VELIYE VA" (Seed, shoot out as a beneficial
tree) in English. Written by A. Nishanthan. The Island Midweek edition.
Available at Online the Island English news and on October 18, 2012<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Reviewer and Editorial Board Member of journals <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">1. Member of the Editorial
Committee of the Journal of Business Management (JBM – 2020; 2019; 2018) of the
Faculty of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus, Sri Lanka. 3*0.5<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2.. Member of the
Editorial Committee of the Journal of Business Management (JBM – 2017) of the
Faculty of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus, Sri Lanka.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">3. Member of the Editorial
Committee, Journal of Science and Management, VCARS- 2009, Vavuniya Campus.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">4. Reviewer, the Journal
of Business Management, Volume 11, Issue II, FBS, Vavuniya Campus, Sri Lanka.
January 9, 2019<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">5. Reviewer of the
research article for the research award for 2012 -2013 held at the OUSL<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">6. Reviewer, the Journal
of Science and Management, Vavuniya Campus, Sri Lanka. 09 August 2019<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">7. Member of the Editorial
Committee of the Journal of Business Management (JBM – 2021) of the Faculty of
Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus, Sri Lanka.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Unpublished Research<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">1. The
Socio-environmental, economic and political systems of the Mannar district and
sustainable development: a discourse analysis (submitted to the OUSL Journal)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2. The Child Language
Development: a Linguistic Study of a Sri Lankan Tamil Child (submitted to the
NSF Journal)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">3. The Adverbs in a
Complaint Letter Writing in English at the tertiary level assessment<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">4. Prepositions in
Business Letter Communication in University ESL Assessment<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in 313.5pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">5. English Functions and
Ideologies in Newspaper Editorials<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in 313.5pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 36.85pt; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in 313.5pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Courses
taught<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Resource Person for the
English Course Units at the Faculty of Applied Science </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">for the students of the Faculty of Applied Sciences
of the Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from 1998 to date.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 49.65pt; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">First
Year First Semester: <o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 49.65pt; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Bsc
in Environmental Studies: English Language I ACU1113, Bsc in Applied
Mathematics: English Language I ACU1110, Bsc in ICT: English Language I
ACU1110, <o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 49.65pt; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 49.65pt; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Second
Year First Semester: Bsc in Environmental Studies: English Language I ACU 2110;
ACU 2113; Bsc in Applied Mathematics: English Language I ACU 2110; Bsc in ICT:
English Language I ACU 2110<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Resource Person for
the English Course Units at the Faculty of Business Studies of the Vavuniya
Campus of the University of Jaffna from 1998 to date.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">First
Year First Semester: <o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Proficiency
in English I ENG 1110 - (Business Management); Proficiency in English I;ENG
1113- (Project Management); General English ACU1120 – (Business Management); <o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">First
Year Second Semester: Proficiency in English II ENG 1210; ENG 1213 - (Business
Management); Proficiency in English II ENG 12111- (Project Management); <o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Second
Year First Semester: Proficiency in English III ENG 2113 - (Project
Management); Business Communication I ENG 2112; MGT 2142 GPA Credit Course Unit
(Business Management); <o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Second
Year Second Semester: Business Communication ENG 2213 GPA Credit Course Unit
(Project Management); Business Communication II ENG 2213 GPA Credit Course Unit
(Business Management); <o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Third
Year First Semester: Proficiency in English III ENG 3113 - (Business
Management); <o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 36.85pt; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Third
Year Second Semester: Proficiency in English IV ENG 3213 - (Business
Management)<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 117.75pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 117.75pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Teaching
Courses outside the Discipline<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 117.75pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
Course Unit, Social Harmony ACU 2110 for the first-year students of the faculty
of Business Studies of Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna 2015/16 from
-20-04-2015 <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
Course Unit, Sri Lankan Studies and Social Harmony for the first-year students
of the Faculty of Applied Sciences of the Vavuniya Campus of the University of
Jaffna for the 2012/13 batch for one year<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
Course Unit, Communication Skills, for the first-year students of the Faculty
of Applied Sciences of the Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna from
-1-09-2012 onwards in every first semester of every <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Year. 30 hours per semester for two years 2012
– 2013<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. The Course Unit, <b>Sri Lankan Studies CC
04E</b> in the Diploma in English program in 1996 when Vavuniya Campus was
functioning as the Northern Province Affiliated University College.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5. BICT Degree Program Project Viva Voce
Evaluation Panel Member for Presentation skills from 2010 to 2015. Dept of
Physical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Sciences. Third and Fourth examinations
in ICT and mathematics and computer applications- Second semester <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The course units: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">ICT2161 – Practical for Software Engineering; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">COS3113 – Software Engineering; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">ICT3133 Project; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">ICT4252 Seminar/Presentation; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">RPRO4215 Project and Seminar; <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">INTR4211 Industrial Training. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Past
Academic Positions and the Course Units Taught<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. Resource Person for the General Degree in
Arts in English program during 1998 to 1999 for two years when the Northern
Province Affiliated University College was absorbed as Vavuniya Campus of the
University of Jaffna in 1997.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">English<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>ENG 2.1; Linguistics<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>LG 2.1;
English<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ENG 2.2; Linguistics<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>LG 2.2; English<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ENG 3.1; Linguistics<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>LG 3.1; English<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ENG 3.2; Linguistics<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>LG 3.2<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2. The Resource Person for the Diploma in
English program during the periods of 1995 to 1998 when Vavuniya Campus as the
Northern Province Affiliated University College. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">First Year First Semester: Reading I ENG 101;
Speech and Listening I ENG 103; Writing I ENG 105; Language Structure I ENG
107; Speech and Drama I ENG 115; First Year Second Semester: Reading II ENG
102; Speech and Listening II ENG 104; Writing II ENG 106; Language Structure II
ENG 108; Introduction to Literature I ENG 110; Introduction to Literature II
ENG 112; Speech and Drama II ENG 116; Second Year First Semester: Reading III
ENG<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>201; Speech and Listening IV ENG
203; Writing IV ENG 206; Language and Language Learning I ENG 211; Drama ENG
210; Sri Lankan Literature II ENG 208; Speech and Drama III ENG 215; English
Language Teaching I ENG 213; Second Year Second Semester: Reading IV ENG<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>202; Speech and Listening III ENG 204;
Writing III ENG 205; Language and Language Learning II ENG 212; Poetry in
English ENG 207; Fiction ENG 209; Speech and Drama IV ENG 216; English Language
Teaching II ENG 214. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. The Resource Person for the Diploma in
Accountancy and Finance program during the periods of 1995 to 1998 when
Vavuniya Campus as the Northern Province Affiliated University College. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Business English I<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ACC 109; Business English II<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ACC 110; Business English III<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ACC 209; and Business English IV<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ACC 206<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. The Resource Person for the Diploma in
Mathematical Sciences program during the periods of 1995 to 1998 when Vavuniya
Campus as the Northern Province Affiliated University College. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">English I<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>CCD I and English II<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>CCD II<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Awards for Best Performance at the Undergraduate Level (08)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: 13.5pt .75in 2.75in 3.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Vinasithamby
Kanagasigam Prize for the Best Performance in English Studies, University of
Jaffna, Sri Lanka (1992)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: 13.5pt .75in 2.75in 3.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">University Prize
for the Best Performance in General Degree Examination in Arts- Part-1,
University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">(1990/91).</b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: 13.5pt .75in 2.75in 3.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">University Prize
for the Best Performance in General Degree Examination in Arts-Part-11,
University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">(1992).</b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">A certificate as a
member of the table tennis <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">team</span> placed
champion in the Arts Week Competition (1993).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">A certificate as a
member of the basketball <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">Team</span> placed
Champion in the Arts Week Competition ( 1993).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">A certificate as a
member of the Runner-Up Team which participated in the Jaffna District Basket
Ball Tournament 1993 for HNP Challenge Trophy sponsored and organized by Hatton
National Bank, Jaffna.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">A certificate as a
member of the Group Singing (English) Team, Runner- up in the Arts Week
Competition (1993)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: .75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">A certificate for
Poetry Reading (English) in the arts Week Competition (1993).<o:p></o:p></span></p>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-47901167433521442622021-06-02T00:00:00.000-07:002021-06-02T00:00:01.627-07:00<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmURwrhpa1gvgA9wPI6ieeE83YbwKncgBE97iaykpkPv6vlumXyGdqcrECaOBOC2xkBw4a4yGdF5JMGNzZEZkhNh5GITDum6Rb-30XXxdZV4lBBpD-hn9etINUjYDe3FfITYPCNc3quSxX/s2048/FULL++COVER-01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1381" data-original-width="2048" height="468" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmURwrhpa1gvgA9wPI6ieeE83YbwKncgBE97iaykpkPv6vlumXyGdqcrECaOBOC2xkBw4a4yGdF5JMGNzZEZkhNh5GITDum6Rb-30XXxdZV4lBBpD-hn9etINUjYDe3FfITYPCNc3quSxX/w640-h468/FULL++COVER-01.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /> <p></p><p><br /></p><p></p><div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 94.35pt; margin-right: 94.35pt; margin-top: .3pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 28.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">National
Conflict and Inte<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;">r</span>national Inte<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">v</span>ention:
A Media Discou<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>se</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 28.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 19.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 170.9pt; margin-right: 170.9pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; letter-spacing: -.55pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">J</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">eyaseelan Gnanaseelan</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 7.0pt; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 7.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 173.5pt; margin-right: 178.55pt; margin-top: 1.85pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .1pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">hesam Publications, London</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-top: .25pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 180.1pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype
id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t"
path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f">
<v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/>
<v:formulas>
<v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/>
<v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/>
</v:formulas>
<v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/>
<o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/>
</v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:141.6pt;
height:39.6pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\DRJEYA~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.png"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="53" src="file:///C:/Users/DRJEYA~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="189" /><!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection2">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 1.85pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">D<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">r</span>.
<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">J</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">y</span>aseelan
Gnanaseelan</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 108.25pt; margin-top: 0in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 8.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">B</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">A (Hons), PGD
in Ed (TESL), MA (Linguistics), Msc (Human Security), MA & MPhil & Ph.<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">D</span>. (En<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">g</span>lish);
SE<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">D</span>A (UK) Acc<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>edited <span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;">T</span>eacher in
Higher Education</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 8.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 8.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">Senior Lectu<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>er
in En<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">g</span>lish G<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>. I</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">Head/Depa<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>tment
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>En<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">g</span>lish Langu<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">a</span>ge <span style="letter-spacing: -.85pt;">T</span>eaching</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; letter-spacing: -.35pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">F</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">aculty of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Business
Studies</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; letter-spacing: -.9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">V</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">a</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">vuni<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">y</span>a
Campus, Un<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">iv</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>sity of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">J</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">f</span>fna,</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; letter-spacing: -.3pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">P</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">ambaimadhu, Mannar <span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">R</span>oad, <span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">V</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">a</span>vuni<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">y</span>a-
43000, Sri Lanka</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">TP: 0094-24-2228235 (office),<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>0094-24-2223856 (Home)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; letter-spacing: -.35pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">F</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">ax: 0094-24-2222265 (Office)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">Mobile<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>0094-717477503
(<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">P</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>sonal)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">Email: <u style="text-underline: blue;"><span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"><a href="mailto:jeya86@vau.jfn.ac.lk"><span style="color: windowtext;">je</span><span style="color: windowtext; letter-spacing: .05pt;">y</span><span style="color: windowtext;">a86@</span><span style="color: windowtext; letter-spacing: -.05pt;">v</span><span style="color: windowtext;">au.jfn.a</span><span style="color: windowtext; letter-spacing: .3pt;">c</span></a><span style="mso-field-code: " HYPERLINK \\h ";">.l<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">k</span><u style="text-underline: #000000;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: #000000; text-underline: none;">;</span></u><u style="text-underline: #000000;"><span style="letter-spacing: .45pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: #000000; text-underline: none;"> </span></u></span><a href="mailto:jeya86@hotmail.com"><span style="color: windowtext;">je</span><span style="color: windowtext; letter-spacing: .05pt;">y</span><span style="color: windowtext;">a86@hot</span></a><span style="mso-field-code: " HYPERLINK \\h ";">mail.com</span></span></u></span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-top: .5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Fi<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>st
Edition published by <span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">J</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">y</span>aseelan Gnanaseelan. <span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">J</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">n</span>ua<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>y<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>2021</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6.0pt; margin-top: .25pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 6.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">© JEYASEELAN
GNANASEELAN 2021<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 7.0pt; margin-top: .15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 7.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">ISBN: 978-1-911 491-01-9</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-top: .35pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 103.55pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; letter-spacing: .1pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he right of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">J</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">y</span>aseelan
Gnanaseelan as the Author of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>this <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">w</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>k
has been asse<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>ted by him under the Co<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">p</span>yright, Designs, and <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">P</span>atents Act. All rights <span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;">r</span>ese<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">v</span>ed; no pa<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>t of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>this publication
may be <span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>oduced, sto<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>ed in a <span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>etrie<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>al
system, or transmitted in a<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">n</span>y <span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>m
or by a<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">n</span>y means, elect<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;">r</span>oni<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">c</span>,
mechanical, photoco<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">p</span>yin<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">g</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>ecordin<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">g</span>, or otherwise without either the prior
written pe<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>mission of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>the Author and Publishe<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">r</span>.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.55pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">J</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">a<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">n</span>ua<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;">r</span>y
2021</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .2pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .1pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">hesam
Publications, London</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 7.0pt; margin-top: .45pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 7.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1026"
type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:141.6pt;height:39.6pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\DRJEYA~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.png"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img border="0" height="53" src="file:///C:/Users/DRJEYA~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1026" width="189" /><!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .45pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 287.25pt; margin-top: 0in;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_s1026" type="#_x0000_t75" style='position:absolute;left:0;
text-align:left;margin-left:165.35pt;margin-top:-5.2pt;width:224.65pt;
height:38.55pt;z-index:-251659776;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\DRJEYA~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image004.png"
o:title=""/>
<w:wrap anchorx="page"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 64px; left: 0px; margin-left: 282px; margin-top: 401px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 374px; z-index: -1895826944;"><img height="51" src="file:///C:/Users/DRJEYA~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026" width="299" /></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">C<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>er and Picture Design:<a href="mailto:sazibalasingam@gmail.com"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"> sazibalasin<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span></span></a><span style="mso-field-code: " HYPERLINK \\h ";">am@gmail.com</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Book Design: Douglas Soosaipillai</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection3">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .25pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 217.5pt; margin-right: 217.5pt; margin-top: 1.3pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-font-width: 107%;">Dedication</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .45pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 103.95pt; margin-right: 103.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I<span style="letter-spacing: .9pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 109%;">dedicate<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span></span>this<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>work <span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>to<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span></span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">more <span style="letter-spacing: .85pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>than<span style="letter-spacing: 3.45pt;"> </span>ONE<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: 3.35pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 108%;">a </span><span style="mso-font-width: 90%;">HALF<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>MILLION<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 114%;">people<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span></span>who <span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>have <span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>died
<span style="letter-spacing: .7pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>due
<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 110%;">to </span>COVID19 <span style="letter-spacing: 1.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Pandemic <span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 3.45pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 115%;">world<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>over</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 242.8pt; margin-right: 242.8pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-font-width: 108%; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">and</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 103.55pt; margin-right: 103.55pt; margin-top: .9pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">The<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 114%;">people<span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"> </span></span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;">
</span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 109%;">conflict-affected<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span></span>areas <span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>Sri<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 102%;">Lanka </span>losing <span style="letter-spacing: .8pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>life, <span style="letter-spacing: .8pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>lives,
<span style="letter-spacing: 1.7pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>and<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span>limbs <span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 108%;">wartimes</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 242.8pt; margin-right: 242.8pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-font-width: 108%;">and</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 206.45pt; margin-right: 206.45pt; margin-top: .9pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">My<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>Late<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 107%;">Parents,</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 137.9pt; margin-right: 137.9pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-font-width: 109%;">Gnanaseelan<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span></span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">and<span style="letter-spacing: 3.35pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 106%;">Constantinamma,</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .75pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 94.3pt; margin-right: 94.3pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">who <span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>lived
<span style="letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>their
<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 114%;">whole<span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"> </span></span>life
<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>war
<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>zone
<span style="letter-spacing: 1.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>and<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span>died <span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 110%;">due </span>to<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 110%;">consequences<span style="letter-spacing: 1.05pt;"> </span></span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 112%;">war.</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-top: .2pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 100.4pt; margin-right: 100.4pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">“Long<span style="letter-spacing: .7pt;"> </span>Live<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>humanism
<span style="letter-spacing: 1.05pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 109%;">buttressed<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span></span>by<span style="letter-spacing: 2.8pt;"> </span>human <span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>rights, <span style="letter-spacing: .6pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 105%;">jus</span><span style="mso-font-width: 109%;">- </span>tice, <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 110%;">equality,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.05pt;"> </span></span>and<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 108%;">peace.”</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection4"></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection5">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-top: .2pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 212.7pt; margin-right: 212.7pt; margin-top: 1.65pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">CONTENTS</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 8.0pt; margin-top: .15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 212%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 162.65pt; margin-right: 162.65pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 212%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">CHAPTER
ONE EDI<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">T</span>ORIAL CONST<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>UCTIO<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">N</span>,
1</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 212%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 212%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 160.2pt; margin-right: 160.2pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 212%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">CHAPTER
T<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">W</span>O THEMATIC CONST<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>UCTIO<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">N</span>,
37</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 212%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 212%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 155.65pt; margin-right: 155.65pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 212%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">CHAPTER
THREE LINGUISTIC CONST<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>UCTIO<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">N</span>, 131</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 212%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 212%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 142.05pt; margin-right: 142.05pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 212%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">CHAPTER
FOUR ME<span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">T</span>APHORICAL CONST<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>UCTIO<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">N</span>,
251</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 212%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 212%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 170.2pt; margin-right: 170.2pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 212%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">CHAPTER
FIVE MEDIA CONST<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>UCTIO<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">N</span>, 357</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 212%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 212%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection6">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 1.65pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">DE<span style="letter-spacing: -1.05pt;">T</span>AILED
CONTENTS</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 105%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 310.45pt; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .05pt; line-height: 105%; mso-font-width: 94%;">L</span><span style="color: #363435; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.05pt; line-height: 105%; mso-font-width: 94%;">is</span><span style="color: #363435; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 105%; mso-font-width: 94%;">t<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span></span><span style="color: #363435; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.15pt; line-height: 105%;">o</span><span style="color: #363435; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 105%;">f<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.1pt;">T</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">ab</span>les</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 105%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">,<span style="letter-spacing: -.7pt;">
</span>ix </span><span style="color: #363435; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .05pt; line-height: 105%;">L</span><span style="color: #363435; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.05pt; line-height: 105%;">is</span><span style="color: #363435; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 105%;">t<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>f<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span>Figu<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">r</span>es</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 105%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">,<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">
</span>ix Publisher<span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">’</span>s Not<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, xi <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">A</span>uthor<span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">’</span>s Prefac<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>,
xiii A<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>kn<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>wledgment<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, xv <span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">W</span>ords from O<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>erseas:</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 105%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .15pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Pro<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">f</span>. Rajamani<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>kam Azha<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>arasan,
xvii<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he
late Pro<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">f</span>. Chel<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">K</span>ana<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>yakam,
xix<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Acronym<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>,
xxi</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .2pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">1. EDI<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">T</span>ORIAL CONST<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>UCTIO<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">N</span>,1</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 6.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">1.1 Defining<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>the
Cor<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">e</span>, 6</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">1.2 Ideological Function, 9</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">1.3 Editorial Discourse Analysi<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, 13</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2. THEMATIC CONST<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>UCTIO<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">N</span>,
37</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 6.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2.1. Conc<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>ptual
Model for Editorial Const<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uction and</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 114.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Contextualization, 39</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2.2. Ethnic Conflict,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">
</span>Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>national Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention
and <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">P</span>eace Proces<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, 40</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2.3. Ethnic Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">
</span>and Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>national <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>elation<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>,
60</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2.4. Indo-Lanka <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>elations
and Indian Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention, 64</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2.5. Sri Lankan Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>and Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national
Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>74</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2.6. Ethnic Conflict,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">
</span>National <span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">P</span>olitic<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, and <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">P</span>eace
Ne<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>otiation<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, 82</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2.7. Ti<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span>er<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, Ethnic Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>and Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>elation<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>,
95</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2.8. Ethnic Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">
</span>and Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">R</span>esolution, 103</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .6pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 263.5pt; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Homeland Claim Ba<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">c</span>k<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>round
S<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">e</span>paration v<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>. Unitarism Mer<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span>ed
and De-mer<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span>ed</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 129.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">De-legitimizing
and Sri Lankan Le<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>al System</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 267.55pt; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Indian Pressure and Pleasure
Majority <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>esistance Colonization and
Alienation</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 129.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">De-legitimizing
Homeland Claim as Ti<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span>er <span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">T</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>rorism</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection7">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .25pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 154.2pt; margin-top: 2.05pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Honourable Solution, S<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ereignty
and <span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">T</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ritorial Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>rity
Buddha<span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">’</span>s <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">P</span>eace and Legitimizing Unita<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>y
Sri Lanka <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>esistance to <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">F</span>ederalism</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 129.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; letter-spacing: -.25pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">R</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">esistance
a<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>ainst Homeland Based Solution</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">3. LINGUISTIC CONST<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">R</span>UCTIO<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">N</span>,
131</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .35pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">3.1. Extract Analysi<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>,
131</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .6pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 129.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention
<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus Interference</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; letter-spacing: -.55pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>rorism <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus
<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">F</span>reedom St<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">g</span>gle</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Indian
<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>elations <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus Indian Interference</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 170.5pt; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Financial inte<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention
<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus Diplomatic Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention
Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>national relations <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus Intra-national <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>elations <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">F</span>ederalism <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus S<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">e</span>paratism</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 129.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Ceasefire<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>and <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">P</span>eace
Process <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus Violation and <span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">W</span>ar Pr<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>paration</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .35pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">3.2. Full-<span style="letter-spacing: -.7pt;">T</span>ext
Analysi<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, 170</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .6pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 295.1pt; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; letter-spacing: -.3pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">P</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">a<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>ticipant
<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>elations Com<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>unity <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>elations
Indo-Lanka <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>elations</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 129.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>national Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .35pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">3.3. Holistic Analysi<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>,
231</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">4. ME<span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">T</span>APHORICAL CONST<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>UCTIO<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">N</span>, 251</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 6.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">4.1 Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national
Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention:
Scripts and <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">F</span>rame<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, 252</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .6pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 195.15pt; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention as a p<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>erful and pate<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>nalist force Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention as an inappropriate int<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>usion Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention as aid<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, guarant<span style="letter-spacing: -.8pt;">y</span>,
and insurance</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">4.2. India<span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">’</span>s
Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention as an I<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">n</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>asion, 271</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">4.3. Militant and G<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nment
<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">P</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ticipation,
277</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .6pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 129.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Militant
pa<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>ticipation as bla<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>kmail</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 177.95pt; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Militants as s<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>,
barbarian<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, and hija<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ck</span>er G<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>nment
and <span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">F</span>orces as defenders and offenders
<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he Cheated <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus the Cheat</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection8">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 1.85pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">4.4. <span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">P</span>eople
and Count<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>, 304</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .6pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 129.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Sri
Lanka, Sri Lankan<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, and Sinhalese as
victims</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; letter-spacing: -.45pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">amils
and No<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>theast as the exploited and
biased</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .35pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">4.5. Conflict,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> P</span>eace
Proces<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, and <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>esolution, 311</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .6pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 129.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Fl<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.05pt;">w</span>,
Infection, and Difficulty</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Security
<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">F</span>orces as S<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>viors and <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>escuers</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Ceasefire<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>and Violations as Serious and Glaring</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .35pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">4.6. Special Metaphorical Strategie<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, 322</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .6pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 129.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; letter-spacing: -.3pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">P</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">ersonification,<span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;"> </span>abstraction, and concretization</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">M<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">o</span>ving <span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">V</span>ehicl<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">V</span>essel,
and Entities</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Pl<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>y and Game</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Other
Metaphorical Styles</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .85pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">05. MEDIA CONST<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>UCTIO<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">N</span>,
357</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 6.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">5.1. Lessons Lea<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>nt
from <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>etrospection, 357</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">5.2. <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>heoretical
Implication<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, 364</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .6pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 208.1pt; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Island of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>the majority? Demonstrating a De<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>olution Model? Disclaiming Homeland based <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">T</span>amil Identity <span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">A</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>oiding Majoritarian
Criticism</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 129.0pt; margin-right: 239.25pt; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Outdated thinking of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>Media <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>ole?
Can the Media be a Radical <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">P</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>tner?</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">5.3. Methodological Implication<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, 361</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">5.4. Contribution<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>,
372</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">5.5. Limitations and Su<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>estion<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, 373</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">5.6. Holistic Statement<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>, 375</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">REFERENCE, 377</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">APPENDIX, 388</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection9">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 211.75pt; margin-right: 211.75pt; margin-top: 1.65pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">List
of<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.15pt;">T</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">a</span>bles</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-top: .95pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.55pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">able 1.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.5pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Definitions<span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the Discourse
Strategies and</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 165.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">St<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>ucture<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, 23 - 32</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 3.3pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.55pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">able 3.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.5pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Macro
and Micro St<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>ucture of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the Editorial, 174 - 175<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 192.95pt; margin-right: 224.0pt; margin-top: 3.9pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">List
of<span style="letter-spacing: 2.2pt;"> </span>Figu<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>es</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 2.7pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure
1.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Functional Model of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>Editorial Discous<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">e</span>, 5</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure
1.2<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Model of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>the Editorial Discourse Analysi<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, 14</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure
1.3<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Model of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>the Contextualization of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>the Editorial Discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, 16</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure1.4<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Or<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>anization
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>the Editorial Discourse Analysi<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, 18</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure
2.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>hematic Const<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>uction
Model of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>Editorial Discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">e</span>, 39</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 2.2<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>nationalization
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>the Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>and Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>national<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 165.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention,
42 -<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>43<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 2.3<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus
Interferenc<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, 45 - 46<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 2.4<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Praising the <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus accusing theSri Lanka Monitoring Mission,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 165.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">50 - 51<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 2.5<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>national
<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>elations and Intra-national <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>elation<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>,
68 - 69<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 2.6<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>National Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus
Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>national or Global Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 163.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">79- 80<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 2.7<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">P</span>olitical
Solution <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus Milita<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>y Solution, 87 - 88<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 2.8<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>National Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus
<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">P</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>ty
Conflict,<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>96 - 97<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 2.9<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Nation Building <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus <span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">P</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>er Building, 100 - 101<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure
2.10<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">T</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>rorism <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">F</span>reedom
St<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">g</span>gl<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, 107 - 108<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure
2.11<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">T</span>amil Homeland <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus
‘Sri Lankan Homeland’, 116 - 117<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 3.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Linguistic Const<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>uction of<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>the <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>elations of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>the <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">P</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>ticipant<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 165.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">172 - 173<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 3.2<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Linguistic Const<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>uction of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>the Com<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>unity <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>elation<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, 184 - 185<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 3.3<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Linguistic Const<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>uction of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>the
Indo-Lanka <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>elation<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, 201 - 202<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 3.4<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Linguistic Const<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>uction of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>the Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>national Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 165.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">216 - 217<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 3.5<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Holistic Analysis of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>Linguistic Const<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>uction, 234 - 235<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 165.0pt; margin-right: 145.65pt; margin-top: .75pt; text-indent: -1.0in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 3.6<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">T</span>riangular
<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>elationship of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>the Discourse Strategies and St<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>ucture<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>,
242<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 4.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention in the <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">P</span>eace Process as a <span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">P</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>erful and <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">P</span>ate<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>nalist<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 165.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; letter-spacing: -.4pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">F</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">orc<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>,
253 - 254<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure4.2<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention as Inappropriate Int<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>usion, 260 - 261<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 4.3<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention as Aid<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, Guarant<span style="letter-spacing: -.8pt;">y</span>, and
Insuranc<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, 270<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 4.4<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>India<span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">’</span>s
Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention
as I<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">n</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>asion and He<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span>emon<span style="letter-spacing: -.8pt;">y</span>, 274 - 275<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 4.5<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Ti<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span>ers’
<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">P</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>ticipation
as Bla<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>kmail, 281 - 282<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 4.6<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Ti<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span>ers
as S<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, Barbarian<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, and Hija<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ck</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">r</span>, 286 - 287<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 4.7<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>G<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>nment
and <span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">F</span>orces as Defenders and Offenders
to<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 165.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">S<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ereignt<span style="letter-spacing: -.85pt;">y</span>, 295 - 296<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection10">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-top: .1pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 2.05pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 4.8<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>G<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>nment
<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus the Ti<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span>ers as the Cheated <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersus
the Cheat,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 165.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">301 - 302<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 4.9<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Sri Lanka, Sri Lankan<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, and Sinhalese as Victim<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, 309 - 310<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure
4.10<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">T</span>amils and the No<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>theast
Area as the Exploited and the Biased,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 165.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">313 - 314<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure
4.11<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>and <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">P</span>eace
Process as Fl<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">aw</span>ed, Infected, and
Most<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 165.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Difficult,<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>317 - 318<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure
4.12<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Sri Lankan Security <span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">F</span>orces as S<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>viors and <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>escuer<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, 323 - 324<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure
4.13<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>C<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;">F</span>A and Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>Violations
as Most Serious and Glaring, 326<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure
4.14<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>States and Institutions as
a <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">P</span>erson, 329<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure
4.15<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">P</span>eace Process and Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention as M<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>ving Entitie<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, 331 -
332<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure
4.16<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">P</span>eace Process and Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ention as a Pl<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>y/Gam<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, 338 - 349<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure
4.17<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Metaphorical Const<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>uction of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;">
</span>the Sri Lankan English<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 165.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Newspaper<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, 350<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 5.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>the Ideological and Attitudinal <span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">P</span>ositions of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>the Editorial<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 165.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Discourse of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span>the four newspaper <span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>roups in Sri Lanka, 361<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection11">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 317.1pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 1.65pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Publisher's Note</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-top: .7pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 108.25pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">hesam Publication is
proud to announce the publication of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>this
book on National Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>and Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention: a Media
Discourse <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">b</span>y D<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">J</span>eyaseelan
Gnanaseelan. It is about h<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">o</span>w</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 107.2pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">the Sri Lankan media
const<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uct ethnic conflict,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">
</span>resolution, inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national inte<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention,
and relation<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>hesam Publication feels that this resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h on political media discourse on the
protracted ethnic conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>in Sri
Lanka has rea<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">c</span>hed the d<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>pth of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;">
</span>the media's ideological and attitudinal position<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 105.4pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">An
original contribution to the Sri Lankan media discourse on the conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>issues is long <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>erdu<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>. Especially n<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.3pt;">w</span>, its need</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">is all the more tremendous and ur<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span>ent. H<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>,
there is a little</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">rese<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ation about su<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h a publication being <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>elcomed
officially</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.15pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">b</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">y the Sri Lankan Media elites and cultural
nationalist<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">s</span>. H<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>,</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">se<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>eral
findings<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>not c<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ered
<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">b</span>y the Sri Lankan official<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>publications</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">are <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ailable in this book. Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nationall<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>,
media discourse analysi<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>,</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">mostly editorial discourse analysi<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, lies scattered in some English</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">editions <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">b</span>y
<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>este<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>n s<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>holars and in
some remote resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h jou<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nals</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">et<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">c</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">W</span>e realize that this i<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">n</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>esti<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>ation of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;">
</span>Sri Lankan media will</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">e<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>en
be a rare contribution to this topi<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">c</span>.
Ne<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>theles<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>e hope</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">the content presentation will undoubtedly
facilitate easy and ready</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">referenc<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">e</span>,
fu<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ther sti<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>ulating Sri Lankan media discourse <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>ork<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .25pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 94.4pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Sri
Lankan media on the role of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span>guiding
and r<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>presenting the people's views
about the conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>should perfo<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>m self-reflection<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span>and self-criticism. <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he
media's role in coping with the conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>situation
is indispensabl<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 108.15pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Many
more <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>orks on this line might exist
in English publication<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. H<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, they are out of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>our rea<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h. H<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>e
do</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 92.9pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">not <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ou<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hsafe
for this resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h project's
completeness to come to the qualitat<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e analysis in this book. <span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">W</span>e appeal to the readers to bear any
inevitable limitations if<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>found
while reading this book. <span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">W</span>e ea<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nestly hope the author m<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>y rectify them in future editions if<span style="letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"> </span>any object<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e obse<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ations
differ from this book's content and approa<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h.
<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">W</span>e</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 96.85pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">fondly hope that <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h
more additional material could come to light, enabling us to impr<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e
on this edition substantiall<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-top: .55pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 248.65pt; margin-right: 248.65pt; margin-top: .6pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #363435; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-width: 95%;">xi</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection12">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 106.3pt; margin-top: 2.6pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">W</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.15pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">e</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">,
<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>hesam Publication, belie<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e that since our origin and roots trail
ba<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>k to our Island, and there is the
need for finding<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>a pe<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>manent solution to this conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>historical
ramification.<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>his resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h is
published to expose the media discourse for its posit<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e and ne<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>at<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e contribution in addressing the national
question in</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 97.4pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Sri Lanka. As publisher<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>e
h<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e
contributed to the literature of Sri Lankan conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h in different fo<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>m<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, and <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>e are n<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>w
obli<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>ed to contribute this <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">w</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>y
<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">b</span>y publishing this qualitat<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e
resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h in book fo<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>m so that the messa<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span>e can rea<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h not only
the media houses in Sri Lanka. It should also rea<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h the inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national
media and media resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hers to trace
the themati<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">c</span>, linguisti<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">c</span>, and metaphorical r<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>presentation of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>discourse
in Sri Lanka. Fu<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>e
belie<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e that the book rea<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hes out to all the rele<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ant leader<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, political pa<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>tie<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, and the Sri Lankan <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nment
to ma<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">k</span>e their 'retreat' on the
conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>causes and consequence<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">s</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 93.2pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">W</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">e
feel delighted in publishing this book and con<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>ratulate
the author wholehea<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>tedl<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">W</span>e
hope to bring out more books on Sri Lankan <span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">T</span>amil
issue<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">W</span>e fondly hope our effo<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>t
will be <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">w</span>ell re<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>arded <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">b</span>y
our esteemed readers' <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">w</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>m and enthusiastic respons<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .25pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">T <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">J</span>eyabalan</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">hesam Publication<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, London.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection13">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 318.95pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 1.65pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Author<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">’</span>s
P<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">f</span>ace</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6.0pt; margin-top: .1pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 6.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 99.0pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">his book
attempts at a discourse analysis of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the
Sri Lankan English newspapers’ selected editorials on the ethnic conflict,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>intra- national relation<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national
inte<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention,
and inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national relations during
the peace talk period 2001- 2006 bet<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">w</span>een
the G<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nment of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Sri Lanka and the Liberation Ti<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>ers of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">T</span>amil Eelam. It de<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>elops a <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>ulti-faceted
view of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"> </span>the const<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uction and r<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>presentation of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the
Sri Lankan Press’ stand on the Sri Lankan national conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>and resolution issues under the inte<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>national inte<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-top: .65pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-left: 129.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">On <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">F</span>rid<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">F</span>eb<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>ua<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y 22, 2002, a Ceasefire<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>A<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>reement
<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">w</span>as</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">made based on a Memorandum of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span>Understandin<span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">g</span>. Consequentl<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>,</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">the peace process commenced but <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">w</span>as
not successful.<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>It came under</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">the sc<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>utiny of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the media. <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he `master na<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>rat<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>es’
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>‘<span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">W</span>ar a<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>ainst</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.65pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">e<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>rorism’ and ‘National Security and S<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ereignty of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the Stat<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">,</span>’</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">‘threatened <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">b</span>y intra-national
conflicts<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>and ethnic conflicts’<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">w</span>orldwide</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">situate the Sri Lankan press discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .25pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 100.45pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">his book
addresses the question, ‘h<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">o</span>w does the
Sri Lankan English newspaper editorial discourse discurs<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ely and
historically const<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uct social and
political reality in the national and inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national
relations of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Sri Lanka?’ It looks at
the ideological and social cognit<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e systems used in the editorial<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">s</span>. It traces the ideological and
attitudinal positions of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the Sri
Lankan media. It ta<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">k</span>es up the Social
Const<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uctionist Approa<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">c</span>h, Critical Discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, and Metaphorical Discourse Analysis
Approa<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hes to de<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>elop new inte<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>pretation method<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 113.6pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">It discusses
textual <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">c</span>haracteristics li<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">k</span>e recu<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>ring
theme<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, discurs<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e
practices and inte<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>pretat<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e
r<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>pe<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>toire<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, metaphors and scripts or frame<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, argumentation strategie<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, syntactical and lexical <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hoices of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>ea<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h editorial const<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uction.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .25pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-left: 129.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">here are fi<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>significant<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>semantic di<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">c</span>hoto<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y discourses in</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">the pragmatic context of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the
Sri Lankan ethnic conflict:<span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"> </span>inte<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>national</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">relations <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ersus
intra-national relation<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, ethnic
conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ersus</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">te<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>rorism, de<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>olution <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ersus
unitarism, economic globalization</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.25pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">v</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">ersus ‘political’
globalization, and inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national inte<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention
<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ersus</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national interferenc<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">e</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he
editorials textualize the binaries in</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">themati<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">c</span>, linguisti<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">c</span>, and metaphorical const<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uction<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .35pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 245.45pt; margin-right: 245.45pt; margin-top: .6pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #363435; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-width: 95%;">xiii</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection14">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 102.7pt; margin-top: 2.6pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he book also
implicates a product<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e analysis of inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national politics in ha<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>mony
with that of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>domestic politic<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">s</span>. Previous resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h conducted in the <span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">W</span>est
has documented an understanding of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the
media discourse analyses and approa<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">c</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, but rarely Sri Lankan s<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>holars h<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e unde<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ta<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">k</span>en it in Sri Lanka.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he
resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h thus hopes to contribute to
the discourse studies of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"> </span>Sri Lankan
media.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 98.9pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he author
understands that e<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>en this book on
discourse analysis or this book<span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">’</span>s
topic can become a text for discourse analysis <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">b</span>y some other author<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.
I acc<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>pt that the ideational, inte<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>personal,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 94.15pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">and textual contexts of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>this analysis m<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>y differ from their<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.
H<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, a systematic<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>application of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>discourse analysis approa<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hes
<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">b</span>y any s<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>holar m<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>y not
deviate from this book<span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">’</span>s analysis and
finding<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 98.2pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he end of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the national conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>and inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national
inte<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention needs a moderate context. <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he National Question should toe a middle line rather than the
extremes of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the ideological line: s<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>paratism and unitarism. De<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>olution dissol<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>es differences and discrimination<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. Constitutional nationalism should defeat cultural
nationalism. <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he Sinhala people should
de<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ol<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e maxi<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>um p<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>er with the <span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">T</span>amil-speaking peopl<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>.
All the com<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>unities should equally
enj<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">o</span>y all human and political rights
and securit<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he Sri Lankan Constitution and the
Legislature should fi<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>mly<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>ensure the <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ailability of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>these conce<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>ns of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>social ha<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>mon<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>.
<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he E<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">x</span>ecut<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e
and <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">J</span>udicial a<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>ms of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nment
should implement the measures fairly<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 113.4pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">and le<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>ally
without any bia<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">F</span>ou<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>th Estate should neutrally and conti<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">n</span>uously monito<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, r<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>po<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>t, comment, and campaign for the
sustainable prese<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ation of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;">
</span>these core <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>alues and
practices of democrac<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .25pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-left: 129.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.35pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">J</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">eyaseelan Gnanaseelan</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 129.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.75pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">V</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.15pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">vuniya</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection15">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-top: .15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 307.15pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 1.65pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Ackn<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>wledgments</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .2pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 100.7pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I am indebted
to all those who h<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e helped me publish this Book on National
Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>and Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention: A Media
Discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>. It <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>ould not h<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e been possible
without the suppo<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>t of many peopl<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 91.05pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>e it to many whose guidance and
assistance in completing this <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>ork. <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>heir <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>enerosit<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>, honest<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>,
and encoura<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>ement reassured<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">me that it <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">w</span>as <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>th
unde<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>taking and that the <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>oices of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;">
</span>the ‘Other’</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">dese<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ed to be heard.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .25pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 90.95pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">his book mainly
dr<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>ws its references and info<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>mation from the resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h conducted <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">b</span>y the author during his Doctorate De<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>ree pro<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>ram at the Un<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ersity
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Madra<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, India. I am <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>rateful
to Pro<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">f</span>. R. Azha<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>arasan, <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y
doctorate studies supe<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>viso<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, who s<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>ed
confidence to unde<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ta<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">k</span>e this effo<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>t. He took me on and instilled in me an academic spirit, whi<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h is critical and creditabl<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>. He sh<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>ed
constant suppo<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>t and enthusiasm whil<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, at the same tim<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">e</span>, ri<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>orously shaped<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">the content with his <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">c</span>hallenging
questions and comment<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .25pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 101.95pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I extend <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>ratitude
to the academic staff<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the D<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>tment of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;">
</span>English, Un<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ersity of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Madra<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>heir comments pr<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ed a vital in<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>redient as I ende<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ored to ma<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">k</span>e sense of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>so many seemingly disparate thread<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">s</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 101.85pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I thank the Un<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ersity
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Madras and the <span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">V</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>vuniya
Campus of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the Un<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ersity
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">J</span>affna
for pr<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>viding this oppo<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>tunity and suppo<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ted m<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>. I am <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>rateful to the National Centre for Ad<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>anced Studie<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, Un<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ersity Grants Commission, Sri Lanka, for <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>ranting a s<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>holarship to do<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>this
resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 124.45pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I appreciate <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>hesam Publishers and the propriete<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>.
<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">T</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">J</span>eyabalan
for publishing <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y book amidst all
the difficulties experienced due to the C<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">o</span>vid19
pandemi<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">c</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 116.5pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I
thank <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y friends and colleague<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, D<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">T</span>. Man<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>ales<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>aran, <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>ecto<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">V</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>vuniya Campu<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">K</span>ulathilaham Man<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>ales<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>aran, and their
family and D<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">S</span>. Krishnakuma<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, fo<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>mer Dean, D<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 105.4pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.45pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">S</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">. Wijeyamohan, Senior
Lecture<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">F</span>aculty of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Applied
Scienc<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">e</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">V</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>vvvuniya Campu<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, and D<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>.Rajaluxmi
Senathiraja, senior lecture<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, the Un<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ersity
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Colomb<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">o</span>, M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>. Senathirajah,
Senior L<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>wye<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, and their families for their moral and p<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">h</span>ysical suppo<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>t.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .2pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 247.5pt; margin-right: 247.5pt; margin-top: .6pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #363435; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-width: 93%;">xv</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection16">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .55pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 107.25pt; margin-top: 2.6pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I
am pleased and appreciate M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>. Sazi
Balasin<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>am, the a<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>tist cum designe<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.75pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">V</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.15pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">a</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">vuniya,
for his <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>enius and skills in
making<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hapter discussions visually al<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>,
creating meaningful pictorial r<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>presentation
for ea<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hapte<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, and the c<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>er
design.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 94.45pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Book designing
is a careful, a<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>tful, and te<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hnical commitment to writing a book of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">x</span>cellenc<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>. Our Inst<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>ucto<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>. Douglas Soosaipillai, at the D<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>tment
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>E<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;">L</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.85pt;">T</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">V</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>vuniya
Campu<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, has mastered it. <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he proof<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;">
</span>is <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y book. I thank him.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 98.25pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Fu<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>,
I am <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>rateful to M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">K</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>thees<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">w</span>aran,
Lecture<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">F</span>aculty of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Applied
Scienc<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. Sinthu, M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. A<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">n</span>usika, M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>.
Suhudhi and M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>. R<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>vindran, M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>oshan at the DE<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;">L</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.85pt;">T</span>,
<span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">V</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>vuniya
Campu<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, for their<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>assistanc<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 103.05pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>e an eno<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>mous debt to <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y wif<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, Subajana, senior lecture<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">V</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>vuniya Campu<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y fathe<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">r</span>-in-l<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.3pt;">w</span>, M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>.
<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span>oobalasin<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>am, mothe<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">r</span>-in-l<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.3pt;">w</span>,
M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. Na<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>araththinam, <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y
sibling<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, D<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>.Gunaseelan, D<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>h<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>aseelan, En<span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">g</span>.Santhaseelan, M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">V</span>asanthaseelan, and M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. Nanc<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>,
and their spouse<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y brothers-in-l<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.3pt;">w</span>, and sisters-in-l<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.3pt;">w</span>,
<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y cousin, <span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">J</span>esuthasan and Susi for their help and encoura<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>ement.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .25pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-left: 129.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.35pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">J</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">eyaseelan Gnanaseelan</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 129.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.75pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">V</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.15pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">vuniya</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection17">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 290.85pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 1.65pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; letter-spacing: -.8pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">W</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">ords
f<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>om <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">ov</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>seas:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 243.95pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 3.35pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">P<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>of.
<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">R</span>ajamanickam Azh<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">a</span>garasan</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 7.0pt; margin-top: .2pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 99.9pt; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Editorials’
political discourse in their themati<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">c</span>,
linguisti<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">c</span>, and metaphorical const<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uctions is justified<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>in critical perc<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">e</span>ption<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he
book, in the process of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>deciphering
the editorial discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, unr<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>els
the linguistic st<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>uctures and
strategie<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">s</span>. H<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>w Sri Lankan Media<span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">’</span>s
linguistic const<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>uction p<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>es
the <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">w</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>y for the inte<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention of Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national ent<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y is also
<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>ell-argued and presented.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 264.0pt; margin-right: 95.5pt; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -135.0pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1027" type="#_x0000_t75" style='position:absolute;
left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:93pt;margin-top:13.7pt;width:163pt;
height:177.55pt;z-index:-251658752;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\DRJEYA~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image006.png"
o:title=""/>
<w:wrap anchorx="page"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 296px; left: 0px; margin-left: 161px; margin-top: 3290px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 272px; z-index: -1895825920;"><img height="237" src="file:///C:/Users/DRJEYA~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image007.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1027" width="218" /></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he book <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>oes de<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>p
into the metaphorical const<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uction and
argues the politics of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>framing the
ethnic conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>and branding a
minority discourse as the violent discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 264.0pt; margin-right: 98.6pt; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">his book on
National Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>and Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention: A Media
Discourse is perfect in e<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h
aspect. O<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>erall, the book is
published mainly based<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 264.0pt; margin-right: 93.4pt; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">on the contents
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the authentic doctoral resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h, and it is a breakthrough in pr<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>viding many<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">solutions with the subscription of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;">
</span>critical theo<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y to present the
Sri<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Lankan <span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">T</span>amil situation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 129.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he
rele<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ance of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the book is <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y high. It could be an<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">eye-opener to many cultural analysts who t<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>y to comprehend the<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">situation. I appreciate the publication.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Pro<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">f</span>. Rajamani<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>kam Azha<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>arasan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 305.05pt; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">D<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>tment
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>English Un<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ersity of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Madras Ch<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>pauk 600 005<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.55pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">amilnadu, India<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .35pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 244.25pt; margin-right: 244.25pt; margin-top: .6pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #363435; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-width: 93%;">x<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;">v</span></span><span style="color: #363435; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-width: 96%;">ii</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection18"></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection19">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 290.85pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 1.65pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; letter-spacing: -.8pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">W</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">ords
f<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>om <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">ov</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>seas:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 222.25pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 3.35pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .1pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he
late P<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>of. Chel<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">v</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">K</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">a</span>gana<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">y</span>akam</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 92.75pt; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he project is <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">w</span>ell-resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">c</span>hed, thorough, original, and <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>aluabl<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>. It is a substantial contribution to
English studie<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. Gnanaseelan offers
a comprehens<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e and <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">n</span>uanced study
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>h<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>w English newspapers in Sri Lanka, <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>er six year<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, demonstrate or mask their <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>arious ideological stances in their
editorials and their r<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>po<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ting practice<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. Expressed in su<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h
te<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>m<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>,
one does immediately <span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>rasp the scope
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the project or its impo<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>tanc<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-top: .55pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 265.1pt; margin-right: 106.25pt; margin-top: 1.85pt; text-indent: 43.9pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1028" type="#_x0000_t75" style='position:absolute;
left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:93pt;margin-top:13.25pt;width:172.1pt;
height:170.7pt;z-index:-251657728;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\DRJEYA~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image008.png"
o:title=""/>
<w:wrap anchorx="page"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 284px; left: 0px; margin-left: 161px; margin-top: 3654px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 287px; z-index: -1895824896;"><img height="227" src="file:///C:/Users/DRJEYA~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image009.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1028" width="230" /></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">As a<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>ainst
ethnic newspapers that <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>ere read <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">b</span>y specific<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>roup<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, English newspapers <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>ere read widel<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 265.1pt; margin-right: 91.6pt; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">and they had
the p<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>er to shape national and inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national opinion. <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>hey reflected<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>and
refracted the time<span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">’</span>s e<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ent<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 265.1pt; margin-right: 99.65pt; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">al<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">wa</span>ys pr<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>viding
a reading that <span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e
the impression of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>t<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uth. <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">J</span>eyaseelan
focuses on four impo<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>tant newspaper<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, pa<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>tly
because of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>their long histo<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">and pa<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>tly because of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>their r<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>putation,
h<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>ving a broad readershi<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">p</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 98.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.35pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">J</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">eyaseelan
p<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>ys attention to these influential<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>newspapers and looks at their r<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>po<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ting
practices and editorials carefull<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>,
deconst<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>ucting them to sh<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">o</span>w h<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>w
their langua<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span>e betr<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>ys their ideological stance<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he
resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h understandingly ta<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>kles the subtext of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the editorials during these six year<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">s</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 103.25pt; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">H<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>ving done thi<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">J</span>eyaseelan
proceeds to analyze the editorial<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>,
classifying the material under se<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>eral
essential topic<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. He looks carefully
at what is said and what remains unsaid but implied.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 245.85pt; margin-right: 245.85pt; margin-top: .6pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #363435; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-width: 94%;">xix</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection20">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 95.1pt; margin-top: 1.85pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Looking at
langua<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>e as discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">e</span>, he sh<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>ws
h<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>w these editorials shape reader
response through many strategie<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.
Using many theorists to fu<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ther his
argument, he pr<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>vides a brilliant
analysis of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>editorial practic<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 104.85pt; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">If<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>there is one minor aspect that could h<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e
been included, <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>yth criticism is
practiced in contempora<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>y time<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. In some<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 107.4pt; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.15pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">wa</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">y<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, editorials create their <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">m</span>yths about nation, identit<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>, religion, langua<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, and ethnicit<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he
binarism they promote is <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h a <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>yth-making
process that dr<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">a</span>ws on le<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span>ends and pseudo-historical account<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 93.4pt; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">O<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>erall, this resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h is outstandin<span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">g</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">J</span>eyaseelan demonstrates an e<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">x</span>cellent <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>rasp
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span>the material, and the argument he
offers is both timely and vital. <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he
resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h significantly<span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;"> </span>contributes to cu<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>rent s<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>holarship and
is li<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">k</span>ely to remain a reference
source for s<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">c</span>holars and students in
many discipline<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">s</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>here is a <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">n</span>uine need for this book along these line<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. It <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>as
a pleasure to read.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-top: .9pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; letter-spacing: .15pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he late Pro<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">f</span>. Chel<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">K</span>ana<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>yakam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">D<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>tment of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>English<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; letter-spacing: -.4pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">F</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">o<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>mer Director/Centre for
South Asian Studies<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Un<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersity of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.8pt;">T</span>oronto<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Canada<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-top: .9pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 93.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">(</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">his response <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>as g<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>en before his passing <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">awa</span>y on N<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ember 22,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2014. RIP)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection21">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 93.0pt; margin-top: 1.65pt; text-align: right;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Ac<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">n</span>yms</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-top: .15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">AP<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>C<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>All-<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">P</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ty <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>ecommendation
Committee</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">BP<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .85pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Bina<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span>ositions</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">CBK<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Chandrika
Bandaranai<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">k</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">K</span>umaratun<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>e</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">C<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;">D</span>A<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.6pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Critical Discourse Analysis</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">C<span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">F</span>A<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Ceasefire<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>A<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>reement</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">CL<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Critical
Linguistics</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.6pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">D</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">A<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Discourse Analysis</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">DD<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.5pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Discourse
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Di<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hoto<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">DMK<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Dr<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>vidian Munnetra<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">K</span>azhaham</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">DP<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Discurs<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e
Practices</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">EU<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>European
Union</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">FM<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">F</span>oreign Minister</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">GoSL<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>G<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nment of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;">
</span>Sri Lanka</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">HR & HS<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.75pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Human
Rights and Human security</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">IAPs<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Ideological
and Attitudinal <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span>ositions</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">IC<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national Com<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>unity</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">I<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;">D</span>A<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 3.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Ideological Discourse
Analysis</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">INGO<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .9pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national Non-<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nmental
Or<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>anization</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">IPKF<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Indian
<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">P</span>eace <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">K</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>ping <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">F</span>orce</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">IR<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>elations</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">IRA<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Irish
<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>olutiona<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y A<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">ISGA<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Interim
Self-G<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ning <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">A</span>uthority</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">JHU<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">J</span>athika Hela U<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>um<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>ya</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">JVP<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">J</span>anatha Vi<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>ukthi <span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">P</span>era<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>una</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.65pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">L</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">TTE<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Liberation Ti<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>ers of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">T</span>amil Eelam</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">MoU<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Memorandum
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span>Understanding</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">MR<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Mahinda
Rajapakse</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">NGO<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Non-<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nmental
Or<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>anization</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">P</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">A<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.05pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">P</span>eople<span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">’</span>s Alliance</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">PM<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Prime
Minister</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">PO<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">T</span>A<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Pre<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;">T</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>rorism Act</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">P-TOMS<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span>ost-<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;">T</span>sunami
Operational Mana<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>ement St<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>ucture</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">R<span style="letter-spacing: -1.05pt;">A</span>W<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>esear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h and Analysis Wing</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">RR<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>esear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h
<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>eview</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">RRR<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>econst<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uction,
<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>esettlement<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>and <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">R</span>ehabilitation</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.3pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">R</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">W<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Ranil Wi<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>kremasinghe</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">SLFP<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .85pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Sri
Lanka <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">F</span>reedom <span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">P</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ty</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">SLMM<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Sri
Lanka Monitoring Mission</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">SLSF<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Sri
Lankan Security <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">F</span>orces</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">SMC<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>Sinhala
Majority Com<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>unity</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">TMC<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">T</span>amil-speaking Minority Com<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>unities</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">TNA<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.25pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">T</span>amil National Alliance</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-top: .85pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 245.85pt; margin-right: 245.85pt; margin-top: .6pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #363435; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-width: 94%;">xxi</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 93.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 1.85pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">TNAF<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>C<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">T</span>amil
National Alliance <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">F</span>oreign <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>elations Committee</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">UK<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .6pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>United
Kingdom of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Britain</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">UNF<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.5pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>United
National <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">F</span>ront</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">UNP<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.5pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>United
National <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">P</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ty</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">UF<span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">P</span>A<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .75pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>United <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">F</span>reedom <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">P</span>eople<span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">’</span>s Alliance</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-left: 93.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">USA<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>United
States of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>America</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><br /><p></p>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-50396966906877547112021-06-01T23:52:00.000-07:002021-06-01T23:52:24.592-07:00<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnN1Pcse7T0QSEAIgK_9lCAMFnV-jIwrHaAma6qtzwTIJg5uk6gqq1pwGH3KWkCtfKLmoWsVx6wMtelIZuNWzIAcpH7Drpbry6DyQbZBsqRO0vk52pW7v9IsWTgiTbKQIziE3ztZk7KPLH/s2048/001-01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1412" data-original-width="2048" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnN1Pcse7T0QSEAIgK_9lCAMFnV-jIwrHaAma6qtzwTIJg5uk6gqq1pwGH3KWkCtfKLmoWsVx6wMtelIZuNWzIAcpH7Drpbry6DyQbZBsqRO0vk52pW7v9IsWTgiTbKQIziE3ztZk7KPLH/s320/001-01.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p><br /></p><p></p><div class="WordSection1">
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.65pt; margin-right: 3.65pt; margin-top: 2.35pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 27.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Community <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">R</span>elations
and</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 27.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 97.75pt; margin-right: 97.75pt; margin-top: 3.2pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 27.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Histories:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 27.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 15.15pt; margin-right: 15.15pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: 1.0pt; position: relative; top: -1.0pt;">Discou<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>se
Ideas and App<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>oaches</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 112.0pt; margin-right: 112.0pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">First edition</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-top: .95pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 24.65pt; margin-right: 24.65pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">JE<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">Y</span>ASEELAN G<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">N</span>A<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">N</span>ASEELAN</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.3pt; margin-right: 63.3pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Harikanan Publications, <span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;">J</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">f</span>fna</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 113.65pt; margin-right: 113.65pt; margin-top: 1.05pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; letter-spacing: -.4pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">F</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; letter-spacing: -.3pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">e</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">b<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>ua<span style="letter-spacing: .6pt;">r</span>y 2021</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection2">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 3.9pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Fi<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>st Edition Published by Ha<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>kanan
Publications, <span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">J</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">f</span>fna. <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">F</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">e</span>b<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>ua<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>y 2021</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 7.0pt; margin-top: .5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 7.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">D<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">r</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">J</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">y</span>aseelan Gnanaseelan</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 16.0pt; margin-top: 0in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">B</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">A
(Hons), PGD in Ed (TESL), MA (Linguistics), Msc (Human Security), MA &
MPhil & Ph.<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">D</span>. (En<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">g</span>lish)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">SE<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">D</span>A (UK) Acc<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>edited <span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">T</span>eacher in Higher Education</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .65pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Senior Lectu<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>er in En<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">g</span>lish
G<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">r</span>. I</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Head/Depa<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>tment of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;">
</span>En<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">g</span>lish Langu<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">a</span>ge <span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">T</span>eaching</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; letter-spacing: -.35pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">F</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">aculty of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>Business
Studies</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; letter-spacing: -.85pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">V</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">a</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">vuni<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">y</span>a Campus, Un<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">iv</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>sity of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">J</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">f</span>fna,</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 157%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 107.3pt; margin-top: 0in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; letter-spacing: -.25pt; line-height: 157%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">P</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 157%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">ambaimadhu,
Mannar <span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">R</span>oad, <span style="letter-spacing: -.8pt;">V</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">a</span>vuni<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">y</span>a- 43000, Sri Lanka TP: 0094-24-2228235
(office),<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>0094-24-2223856 (Home) <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">F</span>ax: 0094-24-2222265 (Office)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 157%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Mobile<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>0094-717477503 (<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">P</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>sonal)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .65pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Email: </span></b><u style="text-underline: blue;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><a href="mailto:jeya86@vau.jfn.ac.lk"><span style="color: #363435;">jeya86@</span><span style="color: #363435; letter-spacing: .05pt;">v</span><span style="color: #363435;">au.jfn.a</span><span style="color: #363435; letter-spacing: 0pt;">c</span></a><span style="mso-field-code: " HYPERLINK \\h ";">.lk<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u style="text-underline: #000000;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: #000000; text-underline: none;">;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></u></b><u style="text-underline: #000000;"><span style="letter-spacing: -1.85pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: #000000; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></u></span></span></u><u style="text-underline: blue;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><span style="mso-field-code: " HYPERLINK \\h ";">jeya86@hotmail.com</span></span></u><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">©
JEYASEELAN GNANASEELAN 2021</span><span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .45pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.8pt; margin-top: 0in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; letter-spacing: .1pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he
right of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">J</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">y</span>aseelan
Gnanaseelan as the Author of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>this <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">w</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>k
has been asse<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>ted by him under the Co<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">p</span>yright, Designs, and <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">P</span>atents Act.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-top: .8pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">ISBN:978-955-0442-09-6</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">All rights <span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>ese<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">v</span>ed; no pa<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>t of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>this publication
may be <span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>ep<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>oduced, sto<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>ed.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 36.65pt; margin-top: .65pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">In a <span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>etrie<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>al system, or transmitted in a<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">n</span>y <span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">f</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>m or by a<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">n</span>y
means, elect<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>oni<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">c</span>, mechanical, photoco<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">p</span>yin<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">g</span>,
<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>ecordin<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">g</span>, or otherwise without either the prior written pe<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>mission of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>the Publishe<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">r</span>.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .6pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Harikanan Publications, <span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">J</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">f</span>fna</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .65pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; letter-spacing: -.25pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">F</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">e</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">b<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>ua<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>y 2021</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6.0pt; margin-top: .1pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 6.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">C<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>er & Picture Design:Sazi Balasin<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span><a href="mailto:sazibalasingam@gmail.com"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">am, sazibalasin<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span></span></a><span style="mso-field-code: " HYPERLINK \\h ";">am@gmail.com</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><span style="mso-field-code: " HYPERLINK \\h ";">Book Design: Douglas
Soosaipillai, sdouglash@gmail.com</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection3">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6.0pt; margin-top: .45pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 6.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 127.5pt; margin-right: 127.5pt; margin-top: 1.3pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-font-width: 107%;">Dedication</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .45pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 11.8pt; margin-right: 11.8pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I<span style="letter-spacing: .9pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 109%;">dedicate<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span></span>this<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>work <span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>to<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span></span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">more <span style="letter-spacing: .85pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>than<span style="letter-spacing: 3.45pt;">
</span>TWO<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 90%;">MILLION</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 31.8pt; margin-right: 31.8pt; margin-top: 1.05pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-font-width: 114%;">people<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span></span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">who <span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>have <span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>died <span style="letter-spacing: .7pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>due <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>to<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 105%;">COVID19</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 80.1pt; margin-right: 80.1pt; margin-top: 1.05pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Pandemic <span style="letter-spacing: 1.65pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 3.45pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 115%;">world<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>over</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 152.8pt; margin-right: 152.8pt; margin-top: .35pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-font-width: 108%;">and</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 13.55pt; margin-right: 13.55pt; margin-top: .9pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">The<span style="letter-spacing: 1.95pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 114%;">people<span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"> </span></span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;">
</span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 109%;">conflict-affected<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span></span>areas <span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>Sri<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 102%;">Lanka </span>losing <span style="letter-spacing: .8pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>life, <span style="letter-spacing: .8pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>lives,
<span style="letter-spacing: 1.7pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>and<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span>limbs <span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 108%;">wartimes</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 152.8pt; margin-right: 152.8pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-font-width: 108%;">and</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 117.65pt; margin-right: 117.65pt; margin-top: .9pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">My<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span>late <span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 110%;">parents,</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 47.9pt; margin-right: 47.9pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-font-width: 109%;">Gnanaseelan<span style="letter-spacing: 1.3pt;"> </span></span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">and<span style="letter-spacing: 3.35pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 106%;">Constantinamma,</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .75pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.3pt; margin-right: 4.3pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">who
<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>lived
<span style="letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>their
<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 114%;">whole<span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"> </span></span>life
<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span>war
<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>zone
<span style="letter-spacing: 1.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>and<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span>died <span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 110%;">due </span>to<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 110%;">consequences<span style="letter-spacing: 1.05pt;"> </span></span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 2.75pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 112%;">war.</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-top: .2pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 22.55pt; margin-right: 22.55pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">“Long<span style="letter-spacing: .7pt;"> </span>Live<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>humanism
<span style="letter-spacing: 1.05pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 109%;">buttressed<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span></span>by<span style="letter-spacing: 2.8pt;"> </span>human <span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 107%;">rights,
</span>justice, <span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 110%;">equality,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.05pt;"> </span></span>and<span style="letter-spacing: 2.85pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 108%;">peace.”</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection4"></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection5">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; margin-top: .9pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 120.9pt; margin-right: 119.75pt; margin-top: 1.25pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Contents</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 7.0pt; margin-top: .1pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 110.55pt; margin-right: 109.4pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">CHAPTER ONE</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-top: .9pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 82.55pt; margin-right: 81.4pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-font-width: 92%; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">COMMUNITY <span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>RELATIONS</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 31.4pt; margin-right: 30.25pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-text-raise: .5pt; position: relative; top: -.5pt;">AND<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 93%;">HISTORICIZED<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>ETHNIC<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;">
</span>HOSTILITY, <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 137%;">1</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 110.55pt; margin-right: 109.4pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">CHAPTER T<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">W</span>O</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-top: .9pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 72.95pt; margin-right: 71.8pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-font-width: 93%;">CONFLICT<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span></span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">HISTORY<span style="letter-spacing: -.85pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 96%;">AND </span><span style="mso-font-width: 94%;">COMMUNITY<span style="letter-spacing: 2.35pt;"> </span>RELATIONS,<span style="letter-spacing: .8pt;"> </span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 126%;">31</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 102.75pt; margin-right: 101.6pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">CHAPTER THREE</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-top: .9pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 44.3pt; margin-right: 43.15pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">POLITICS,<span style="letter-spacing: -1.05pt;"> </span>POWER AND<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 99%;">LANGUAGE,57</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 107.55pt; margin-right: 106.4pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">CHAPTER FOUR</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-top: .9pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 59.05pt; margin-right: 57.9pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">MEDIA<span style="letter-spacing: -1.15pt;"> </span>DISCOURSE,<span style="letter-spacing: -.85pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 95%;">COMMUNITY </span><span style="mso-font-width: 92%;">RELATIONS<span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span></span>AND<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 94%;">CONFLICT,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span></span><span style="mso-font-width: 122%;">105</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 110.4pt; margin-right: 109.25pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">CHAPTER FIVE</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 68.75pt; margin-right: 53.25pt; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -7.95pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">POST-WAR<span style="letter-spacing: 1.35pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 96%;">CONFLICT<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>DISCOURSE </span>OF<span style="letter-spacing: 1.0pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 88%;">THE<span style="letter-spacing: 1.7pt;"> </span></span>SRI<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>LANKA<span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 95%;">MEDIA,<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span></span></span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">149</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection6">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 3.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 24.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Contents</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 24.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.0pt; margin-top: .15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Title pa<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, i</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">List of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">T</span>ables and Figure<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, viii</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.25pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">A</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">uthor<span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">’</span>s Prefac<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, ix</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 2.5pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">W</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">ords from India: Pro<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">f</span>. Rajamani<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>kam Azha<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>arasan, xi</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 2.5pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">W</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">ords from Canada: <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he Late Pro<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">f</span>. Chel<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">K</span>ana<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>yakam, xiii</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">A<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>kn<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>wledgment<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, xv</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .2pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Chapter One</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 17.0pt; margin-right: 75.9pt; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -12.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">1. Community <span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">R</span>elations and historici<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">z</span>ed ethnic hostilit<span style="letter-spacing: -.95pt;">y</span>, 1</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">1.1. <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he
Ethnic Origin, Identit<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>, and
Conflict,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>1</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">1.2. Histo<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>elation<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, and Conflict,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>15</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">1.3. <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span>osition<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>,
24</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Chapter <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">T</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">w</span>o</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2. Conflict Histo<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;">r</span>y and Community <span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">R</span>elations, 31</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2</span></b><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">.1 <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he Colonial Histo<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the Conflict,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>32</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2.2 <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span>ost-colonial Histo<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the Conflict,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>37</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2.3 <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he Mode<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>n Histo<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the Conflict,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>41</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2.4 <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he
Ceasefire<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>A<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>reement and Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 21.1pt; margin-right: 223.85pt; margin-top: .9pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention,
48</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Chapter <span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">T</span>h<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>ee</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">3<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">. <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">P</span>olitics, p<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">ow</span>er and Langu<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">a</span>ge, 57</b></span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">3.1 Discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">e</span>,
Discourse Analysi<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, and Pre<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ailing Principle<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, 57</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 41.0pt; margin-right: 97.7pt; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.25pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">A</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">uthorit<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>,
Grand na<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>rat<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, Orde<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>,
and Prescript<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e Implications Denomination, Identit<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>, Subject, <span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;">T</span><span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uth,</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection7">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 41.0pt; margin-right: 115.25pt; margin-top: 3.5pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">and
the Instability<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Langua<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>e
Deconst<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>ucting Editorial Discourse
Social Processe<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, Notions of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;">T</span><span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uth,</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 41.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Subject<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span>vit<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>, and Constant <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>econstitution</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">3.2 Media Discourse Const<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>uction, and Consumption, 68</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">3.3 <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he Media
<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span>olitical Discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, 69</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">3.4. <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he
Culture of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the Media <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span>olitical Discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">e</span>, 71</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 26.0pt; margin-right: 96.6pt; margin-top: .9pt; text-indent: -21.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">3.5.
<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he Implication of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Social Const<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uctionism on Media Discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>,
73</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">3.6. Kn<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>wled<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">g</span>e and Media Discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, 75</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">3.7. Critical Discourse Analysis of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Editorial<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, 76</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">3.8. Metaphorical Const<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uction, 86</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 41.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Metaphors and Editorial <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span>olitical Discourse</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 41.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he Cognit<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>ole of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;">
</span>Metaphor</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 41.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>ole of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Metaphor in <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span>olitical Discourse</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">3.9. A <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>eview
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the Discourse Analysis <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>esear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, 91</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Chapter <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">F</span>our</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">4. Media Discou<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>se, Community <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">R</span>elations and Conflict, 105</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">4.1 <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he Sri
Lankan Media Discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, 106</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">4.2 Newspape<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>,
<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>eader<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, and <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span>olitics , 112</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">4.3 Applying Choms<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">k</span>y
and He<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>ma<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">n</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">’</span>s Propa<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>anda Model, 125</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 41.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Choms<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">k</span>y and
He<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>ma<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">n</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">’</span>s Propa<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>anda Model</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 41.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Contextualizing Editorials</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 41.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Applying the Propa<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>anda
Model to Sri Lankan Newspaper</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 41.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Editorials</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 41.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he Associated Newspapers of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Ceylon Limited</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 41.0pt; margin-right: 169.85pt; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Wijeya
Newspapers Ltd <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he Island Group Leader
Publications Ltd Identifying Ideologies</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection8">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 41.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 3.5pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Synthesis</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Chapter F<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">iv</span>e</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #221f1f; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">5. <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">P</span>ost-<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>ar
Conflict Discou<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>se of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>the Sri Lankan Media, 149</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">5</span></b><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">.1 Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>esolution
and Sri Lankan Constitution, 152</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">5.2 Ethnic Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>and
Ha<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>mon<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>, 156</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">5.3 <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he
Casualty of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the Conflict,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>162</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">5.4 <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he
Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>and Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention, 165</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">5.5 <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he
Conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>and Indian Inte<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ention,
172</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">5.6 <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he rev<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>al
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">F</span>ear
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.7pt;">T</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>rorism and Militarization, 181</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">5.7 Human Rights and S<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ereignt<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>,
186</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">5.8 Pro-constitutional <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">R</span>efo<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>ms for <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>er
Sharing, 192</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 41.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Conclusion</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">6. <span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">R</span>efe<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>ence,
199</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">List of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">T</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">a</span>bles</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 59.0pt; margin-right: 80.6pt; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.75in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.55pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">able 3.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>elationship bet<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>een the philosophical principles of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Social Const<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uctionism
and Discourse Analysi<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">s</span>, 58 - 60</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.55pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">able 3.2<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he
Linguistic <span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">F</span>eatures Applied in the I<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;">D</span>A, 81</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.55pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">able 3.3.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>he
Questions Raised to Unfold the Ideological</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 75.1pt; margin-right: 170.75pt; margin-top: .9pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Implication<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, 82</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.55pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">able 4.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Newspapers and the Main Publishing Group<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, 108-109</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">List of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>Figu<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>es</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 3.1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he Circuit of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Cultur<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, 72</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 3.2<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>heoretical Defense behind Discourse</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.1pt; margin-right: 137.25pt; margin-top: .9pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Analysis Methodolo<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>,
77</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Figure 3.3<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">F</span>rame<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>ork
for Critical Discourse Analysis of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>a</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 63.1pt; margin-right: 136.1pt; margin-top: .9pt; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Com<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>unicat<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e E<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ent,
78</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection9">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 202.95pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 3.25pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Author<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">’</span>s P<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">f</span>ace</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 8.0pt; margin-top: .1pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 8.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">This
book attempts at discussing the ideas and app<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>oaches
to the community<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>elation<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>histories<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">
</span>and<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.95pt;"> </span>discourse<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>pu<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">b</span>li<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>politic<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>media in general and Sri Lankan media in
pa<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>ticula<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">r</span>. Using the discourse theories and app<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>oache<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, it explo<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>es the political, historical, social,
cultural, linguistic discourse trajectories<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;">
</span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 2.05pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span>ethnic<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 98%;">conflict,<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span></span>intra-national<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>elation<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span>inte<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>national<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;">
</span>inte<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>vention, and inte<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>national <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>elations
focusing on the Sri Lankan conflict.</span></i><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">The<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>esent<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>ethnic<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>conflict
is<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>an<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;">
</span>intens<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">i</span>v<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>political,<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>milita<span style="letter-spacing: .6pt;">r</span>y<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>conflict
since<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>1983<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>that<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>has<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>claimed<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>l<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">i</span>ves<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>hund<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>eds<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>thousands<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">
</span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>peopl<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>mostly
the<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">T</span>amil<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">s</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>Ho<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">we</span>ve<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>intens<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">i</span>ve<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>national<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -1.05pt;">’</span>s
origin<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>goes<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>be<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">y</span>ond<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>1983 ba<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>k<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>ard till the count<span style="letter-spacing: .6pt;">r</span>y became ind<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>pendent in
1947. Still fu<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>ther ten centuries ba<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>k <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>hen
this island <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>as d<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">i</span>vided and <span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>uled by<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>many<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>Sinhala and<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">T</span>amil kings and queen<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">s</span>. Even it ba<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>kdated befo<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>e t<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">w</span>enty centuries <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>hen Vija<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">y</span>a, a prince
with his peopl<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">e</span>, a<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>r<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">i</span>ved
on this island <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>e Na<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">g</span>ar
and I<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">y</span>akkar communities l<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">i</span>ved.</span></i><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 4.0pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">The<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>conflict is<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>edominantly<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>bet<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">w</span>een<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>Sinhala<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>majority<span style="letter-spacing: .6pt;">
</span>community and<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">T</span>amil<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span>minority<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">
</span>communit<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">y</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span>It<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span>has<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span>caused<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span>extens<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">i</span>ve<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span>damage<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span>to<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;"> </span>count<span style="letter-spacing: .6pt;">r</span>y</span></i><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 4.0pt; margin-top: 0in;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">–<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>ps<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">y</span>chol<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>gical,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;">
</span>sociol<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>gical,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>cultural,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.95pt;">
</span>historical,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>economi<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;"> </span>envi<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>onmental,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.9pt;">
</span>and political. Of<span style="letter-spacing: 2.7pt;"> </span>cours<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, intra-national and inte<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>national <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>elations
a<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>e apa<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>t. .</span></i><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">The
book systematically describes the <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>elationship
bet<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">w</span>een the above mentioned<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>ideas<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">
</span>and<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>app<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>oache<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>Social<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">
</span>Const<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>uctionist<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">A</span>pp<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>oach,<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>Critical
Discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, and Metaphorical
Discourse Analysi<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, to d<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>velop new inte<span style="letter-spacing: .75pt;">r</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>etation method<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">s</span>. It discusses textual characteristics
theo<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>etically under<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>the umb<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>ella
paradigm, social const<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>uctionism.</span></i><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">These
th<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>ee discourse analysis app<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>oaches allow an inte<span style="letter-spacing: .75pt;">r</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>etation of existing p<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>esuppositions and p<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>opositional attitudes <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>p<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>esenting
the State<span style="letter-spacing: -1.05pt;">’</span>s authoritie<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>, ethnic and<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>ty-based and<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>-biased discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, and<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>socio-political
ideol<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>gies naturali<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">z</span>ed and dominated by the majority communit<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">y</span>. Nationally and inte<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>nationall<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">y</span>,
di<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>ent views a<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>e possi<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">b</span>le for di<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">f</span><span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">f</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>ent ethnic communities at the situational,
institutional, and societal l<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>vel<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">s</span>.</span></i><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection10">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 3.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">The
book<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>investi<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">g</span>ates to<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>affi<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>m<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>hether the<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>e is an<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>implicit<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>suppo<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>t<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>for unilateral<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>ethnonationalistic<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>fo<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>eign<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>poli<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">c</span>y<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>inte<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>est<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">s</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>cultural<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">
</span>nationalism<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>cloa<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">k</span>ed<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>by
constitutional nationalism, <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>thus falling in line with those
theorists <span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>ho a<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>gue that <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">g</span>lobalization
facilitates inter-state or inte<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>national
and national securit<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">y</span>, and not
intra-state or intra-national securit<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">y</span>.</span></i><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection11">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 6.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 78%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 69.4pt; margin-right: 2.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: 120.75pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; letter-spacing: -1.0pt; line-height: 78%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">W</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 78%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">ords f<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>om
India: P<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>of. <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">R</span>ajamanickam Azh<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">a</span>garasan</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 78%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-top: .9pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 103%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">his<span style="letter-spacing: .9pt;"> </span>book<span style="letter-spacing: .9pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: .9pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .9pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>onderful<span style="letter-spacing: .9pt;"> </span>exploration<span style="letter-spacing: .9pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 2.45pt;"> </span>media<span style="letter-spacing: .9pt;"> </span>discourse<span style="letter-spacing: .9pt;">
</span>analysi<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: .9pt;"> </span>It is <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>ell-argued
and written. <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he second <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hapter presents the historical conflict
bet<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>een<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">T</span>amils<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>Sinhalese<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>tracing<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>reasons<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>from<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>the pre-colonial<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>time<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hapter<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>offers<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;">
</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">n</span>uine<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span>analysis<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;">
</span>of<span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span>conflict in <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span>ostcolonial
time<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 6.0pt; margin-top: .15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 6.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 103%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 219.2pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 1.85pt; text-align: justify;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600"
o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f"
stroked="f">
<v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/>
<v:formulas>
<v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/>
<v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/>
</v:formulas>
<v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/>
<o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/>
</v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_s1026" type="#_x0000_t75" style='position:absolute;
left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:54pt;margin-top:-2.95pt;width:199.65pt;
height:189.65pt;z-index:-251659264;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\DRJEYA~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.png"
o:title=""/>
<w:wrap anchorx="page"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 316px; left: 0px; margin-left: 96px; margin-top: 1325px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 333px; z-index: -1895826432;"><img height="253" src="file:///C:/Users/DRJEYA~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026" width="266" /></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he<span style="letter-spacing: -.95pt;"> </span>book<span style="letter-spacing: -.95pt;"> </span>also<span style="letter-spacing: -.95pt;"> </span>examines the contempora<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y situation with an unbiased<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>presentation of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>the Sri Lankan context. It unr<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>els the role of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span>Sri Lankan Media and the <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>er <span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span>olitics<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>unleashed<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">b</span>y the major discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">e</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .15pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 103%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 1.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 214.2pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hallenging<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>and interesting pa<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>t
is<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>the application of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span>contempora<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y critical<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>theo<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>At the<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>ba<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>kdrop<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>er<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>politics<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.25pt;"> </span>Sri<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>Lankan<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>Media,<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span>ost<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>Mode<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>n
perspect<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>es of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Grand Na<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>rat<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>,
<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">F</span>oucauldian aspects of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">P</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>er and Kn<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>wled<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, De<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>ridean
notions of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span>Deconst<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>uction are aptly<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>analysed and subscribed.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 103%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 4.0pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">his<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>book<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>on<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>Com<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>unity<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">R</span>elations<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>Histories:<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>Discourse<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;">
</span>Ideas and Approa<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hes<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>is perfect in e<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y aspect of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>resear<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 103%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">O<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>erall, the book is a breakthrough in pr<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>viding some considerable solutions<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>with<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>subscription<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>of<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>critical<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>theo<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>to<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>present<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>Sri
Lankan <span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">T</span>amil situation.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 103%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection12">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 103%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he rele<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ance<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span>the
book is <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y high.<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>It could be an
eye-opener to many cultural analysts who t<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y
to comprehend the situation. I really appreciate the publication.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .5pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Pro<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">f</span>.
Rajamani<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>kam Azha<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>arasan</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 103%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 218.05pt; margin-top: .5pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">D<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>tment
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>English Un<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ersity of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>Madras Ch<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>pauk 600 005</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 103%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 5.0pt;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.55pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">amilnadu, India</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection13">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 30.1pt; margin-right: 2.95pt; margin-top: 3.25pt; text-indent: 142.75pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; letter-spacing: -1.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">W</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">ords f<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>om
Canada: <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he Late P<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">r</span>of. Chel<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">v</span>a
<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;">K</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">a</span>gana<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">y</span>akam</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 9.0pt; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">It
<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>as a c<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>ucial period of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>three decades
in Sri Lankan political histo<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y whi<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>marks<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>both<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nment<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Liberation<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Ti<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>ers<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">T</span>amil Eelam<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span>en<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>ed<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span>full-bl<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>wn<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span>confrontation.<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;"> </span>conflict bet<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>een the t<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>o <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>as pa<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>t
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>a lar<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>er “<span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">T</span>amil” question
that <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>oes ba<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>k in time for<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>more<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>than<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>centu<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>if<span style="letter-spacing: .95pt;"> </span>not<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>lon<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>During<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>these<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>year<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>h<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt;"> </span>the conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>became<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>more<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>than<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>st<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">g</span>gle<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>with<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>ethnicit<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>It<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;"> </span>i<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">n</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ol<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ed
a <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">n</span>umber of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>nations and the Diaspora.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 11.0pt; margin-top: .05pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 216.3pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1027" type="#_x0000_t75" style='position:absolute;
left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:54pt;margin-top:-8.35pt;width:203.45pt;
height:189.65pt;z-index:-251658240;mso-position-horizontal-relative:page'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\DRJEYA~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image003.png"
o:title=""/>
<w:wrap anchorx="page"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 316px; left: 0px; margin-left: 96px; margin-top: 1504px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 339px; z-index: -1895825408;"><img height="253" src="file:///C:/Users/DRJEYA~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1027" width="271" /></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">he<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>conflict<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>seen<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>as pa<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>t of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>a
global st<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">g</span>gle a<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>ainst te<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>rorism and attracted inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>national attention. Fu<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>,
the situation <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>far from stable or homo<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>eneou<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.
<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he different<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>stances and perspect<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>,
both nationally and inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nationall<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>, i<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">n</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ol<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ed
<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>ultiple pa<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ties and different<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>roup<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.9pt;">T</span>o<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>put</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">it<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>simpl<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>this<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>period<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>as<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>mar<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">k</span>ed<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">b</span>y<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>one<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>crisis<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>after<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>anothe<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>life<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>in
Sri Lanka became totally politicized. It is a<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>ainst
this ba<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>kdrop that one<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>needs<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>to<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>recognize<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;">
</span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>impo<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>tance<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>of<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>political<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>discourse among the public and media.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">E<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>en when the media <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>ere controlled or policed <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">b</span>y
the stat<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, these newspapers<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>did not al<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">wa</span>ys s<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>y<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>the same thin<span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">g</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>hey brought <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y different<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>views<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>to<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>ethnic<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>conflict, although<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>they<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>all<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>claimed<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>to<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;"> </span>be s<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>ying
nothing but the t<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>uth.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.9pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">T</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">o focus on the public and media discours<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">J</span>eyaseelan
ad<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ances a detailed<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>study<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>of <span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>discourse<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>analysi<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>framing<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>his<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>ork<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>within<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="WordSection14">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 3.5pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: .2pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">g</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">eneral<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>ubric<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>mode<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nism<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>postmode<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nism.<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>His<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>use<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.15pt;"> </span>De<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>rida,
<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">F</span>oucault,<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>Sp<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ak,<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>et<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">c</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>sophisticated,<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>and he<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>sets<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>up<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>solid foundation in discourse analysis
before he proceeds to his task.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">He<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>also g<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>an
info<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>med<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>reading of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.6pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>cu<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>rent
political<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>situation, dr<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>wing<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>from<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>ran<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>source<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>His<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>account<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.1pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ents<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>that<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>led<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>up to<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>present<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">
</span>is<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>udite<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>totally<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>persuas<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">ve</span>.<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>It<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">wa</span>ys<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>evident,
and <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">J</span>eyaseelan has a <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y
<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>ood <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>rasp
of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>`a ran<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>e of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.55pt;"> </span>discipline<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, whi<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h
enables him to locate his topic in a broad context.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">O<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>erall, the project is e<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">x</span>c<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>ptionally
<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>ood. <span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">J</span>eyaseelan demonstrates an e<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">x</span>cellent<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>rasp<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>of<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>material,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>argument<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;">
</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>offers<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>both
timely<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: .6pt;"> </span>vital.<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">T</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>exploration<span style="letter-spacing: .6pt;"> </span>significantly contributes<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>to<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>cu<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>rent s<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>holarship
and is li<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">k</span>ely to remain a reference
source for s<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>holars and students in
many discipline<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">s</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-top: .9pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 188.1pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Late Pro<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">f</span>. Chel<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>a
<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">K</span>ana<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>yakam</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 232.25pt; margin-top: .75pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">D<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">r</span>tment of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>English</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 128.85pt; margin-top: .75pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; letter-spacing: -.4pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">F</span><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">o<span style="letter-spacing: .4pt;">r</span>mer Director/Centre for South Asian Studies</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 237.85pt; margin-top: .75pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Un<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>ersity of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.8pt;">T</span>oronto</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 298.35pt; margin-top: .75pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Canada</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 126.2pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">(<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">T</span>his response <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">w</span>as g<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">v</span>en
before his passing <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">awa</span>y)</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 187.8pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 3.25pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Ackn<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">o</span>wledgments</span></b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I humbly a<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>kn<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span>wled<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>e
<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>ratitude
to all those who h<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e assisted me in publishing this book on
Com<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>unities and Histories: Discourse
Ideas and Approa<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>he<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span>al<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">wa</span>ys<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span>remember<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span>Prof<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">.<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span>R.<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span>Azh<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">a</span>garasan</b>,<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;"> </span>doctoral<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;">
</span>studies supe<span style="letter-spacing: .45pt;">r</span>viso<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>Un<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ersity<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span>Madra<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>who<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt;"> </span>initially<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;">
</span>s<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>ed<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>confidence to <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>enture
into these interdisciplina<span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">r</span>y discourse
studie<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I
humb<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">l</span>y and <span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>rateful<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">l</span>y <span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>emember the Late P<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">r</span>ofesso<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">r</span>, </span></b><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">Chel<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>a <span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">K</span>ana<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>an<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>yakam
for his commendation g<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>en before his passing<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">awa</span>y<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>2014.<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>I<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>had<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>already<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;">
</span>sta<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ted<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">w</span>orking<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>on<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>draft<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>in</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 4.0pt; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">2014.<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>H<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>due<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>to<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>inte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nal<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>exte<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>nal<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>circumstance<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>I<span style="letter-spacing: .5pt;"> </span>had to suspend <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y book projects for some year<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 4.0pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>am<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .3pt;">g</span>rateful<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>to<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>Un<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>ersity<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">
</span>of<span style="letter-spacing: 1.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">J</span>affna<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">V</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>vuniya<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">
</span>Campus for suppo<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>ting me in <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y contribution.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">ow</span>e <span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>e<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt;">r</span>y
<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>u<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h
to<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span>Mr Sazi Balasin<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">g</span>am, the a<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>tist,
<span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">V</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>vuniya,
for his e<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">x</span>cellent pictorial design
making <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hapter discussions al<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">i</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>,
creating meaningful visual r<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>presentation
for ea<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>h <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">c</span>hapte<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">r</span>, and c<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">o</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">v</span>er
design.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 14.0pt; margin-top: .4pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 41.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I<span style="letter-spacing: 1.7pt;"> </span>appreciate<span style="letter-spacing: 1.7pt;"> </span>Mr<span style="letter-spacing: 1.7pt;"> </span>Douglas<span style="letter-spacing: 1.7pt;"> </span>Soosaipillai,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.7pt;"> </span>at<span style="letter-spacing: 1.7pt;"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing: 1.7pt;"> </span>D<span style="letter-spacing: .15pt;">e</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing: .25pt;">r</span>tment<span style="letter-spacing: 1.7pt;"> </span>of<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">E<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;">L</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.85pt;">T</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">V</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>vuniya Campu<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, for h<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>ving
designed the book professionall<span style="letter-spacing: -1.0pt;">y</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 5.0pt; margin-top: .3pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="font-size: 5.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 10.0pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 106%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 3.95pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="color: #363435; font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;">I thank <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y
wif<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">e</span>, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Subajana</b>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y fathe<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">r</span>-in-l<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.3pt;">w</span>, M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">r</span>.
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">P</span>oobalasingam</b>,
mothe<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">r</span>-in-l<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.3pt;">w</span>, M<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;">s</span>. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">N<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">a</span>garaththinam</b>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y brother<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">D<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">r</span>.
Gunaseelan, D<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">r</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">T</span>h<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">v</span>aseelan, En<span style="letter-spacing: -.85pt;">g</span>. Santhaseelan, M<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">r</span>. <span style="letter-spacing: -1.1pt;">V</span>asanthaseelan, and Ms. Nancy </b>and
their spouse<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">s</span>, <span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">m</span>y brothers-in- l<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span><span style="letter-spacing: -1.3pt;">w</span>, and sisters-in-l<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">a</span>w for their help and encoura<span style="letter-spacing: .2pt;">g</span>ement.</span><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 106%; mso-bidi-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Garamond;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><br /><p></p>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-48950856191390342442020-06-18T22:37:00.001-07:002020-06-18T22:37:55.184-07:00யானைகள் பற்றி A-Z தமிழில் அறிய விருப்பமா? #யானை #Elephant #Srilanka #Kerala<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/6z08t6FQys8" width="480"></iframe>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-49992337339319426132019-12-20T06:48:00.001-08:002019-12-20T06:48:39.080-08:00Research paper by Dr. Jeyaseelan Gnanaseelan at the International Sympos...<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ZjZ_lmkD5EA" width="480"></iframe>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-61652498384350295792019-11-14T17:58:00.001-08:002019-11-14T17:58:31.903-08:0020191107 114139<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="344" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/e6yzvO9yXRU" width="459"></iframe>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-14491526146223161182019-11-08T17:31:00.001-08:002019-11-08T17:31:26.608-08:00 Vanni Farmers in Wartimes, Book publication<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKWkPrXCI3ettxV57l8N_rpllGeL8nuca74vss8NXDMiEPKwb7ZTjxX9ugkAz3holLpSz9eswQd15RYW2OZcINZ-fRI_ZxF8Ag_6sZzYmvafODEaCI1Yvd61X8-8SnVEtNlQ1mbH7yA0_4/s1600/cover+ok.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1166" data-original-width="1600" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKWkPrXCI3ettxV57l8N_rpllGeL8nuca74vss8NXDMiEPKwb7ZTjxX9ugkAz3holLpSz9eswQd15RYW2OZcINZ-fRI_ZxF8Ag_6sZzYmvafODEaCI1Yvd61X8-8SnVEtNlQ1mbH7yA0_4/s320/cover+ok.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dxUiEflhBMPsyD1aTjqerKIYR34XBt0BHGcsZPnAvtVI-vERv2zbjfbS5es4KVVR5FV-mDQmxEHLdYnJQDkag' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUCZHatg2p25O5IEATZccRdyekTuDUeTkbVL3a7gj-RFNSE_nMXuhxTX2W8pdBDl9ERKY1b3k_NdDLml8Wnw6G1eaT0ptAIgodhDIUCyhdPvhQWdFb43ElpEDQ9fpmAPfmKMMfHy1MQebM/s1600/DSCN5979+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUCZHatg2p25O5IEATZccRdyekTuDUeTkbVL3a7gj-RFNSE_nMXuhxTX2W8pdBDl9ERKY1b3k_NdDLml8Wnw6G1eaT0ptAIgodhDIUCyhdPvhQWdFb43ElpEDQ9fpmAPfmKMMfHy1MQebM/s320/DSCN5979+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj251iazeoEggRmEiTA0Izhb17FxnjnA1fH6CdjZSM5Lz4n_TzByRaoU48uF_K01QHAcrxlyFZK3I9XMmZ3_78w6Vhx6I-3kcktH2JttKjmMZwQaebdC6T_YpBci6J_j6186J753kyKpSF4/s1600/DSCN5982+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj251iazeoEggRmEiTA0Izhb17FxnjnA1fH6CdjZSM5Lz4n_TzByRaoU48uF_K01QHAcrxlyFZK3I9XMmZ3_78w6Vhx6I-3kcktH2JttKjmMZwQaebdC6T_YpBci6J_j6186J753kyKpSF4/s320/DSCN5982+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiicoMYkt30Uy_duces3Bg_en1J-x_g-UYgXMWLP44e1i_k3PkXItR5SUJHvwezV2YvsSkR1Vbyyc9puwDjvb6ebbnV58QCbtbwxs825He2OClLhB2VJRtZ9xiQZRYBOziL1dUp7KsTlq8F/s1600/DSCN5985+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiicoMYkt30Uy_duces3Bg_en1J-x_g-UYgXMWLP44e1i_k3PkXItR5SUJHvwezV2YvsSkR1Vbyyc9puwDjvb6ebbnV58QCbtbwxs825He2OClLhB2VJRtZ9xiQZRYBOziL1dUp7KsTlq8F/s320/DSCN5985+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiErOGb63-Q3RnuJdvLKiJCfj-u648hYlPe0ZOX07qygYa8SUzJyUCMPbD4AZVrjMF0jj7DydnkAqPq9WzCeiq3J7Jkpyx2KDi9pAJpwHD-8L2Qys5tCFVgh_K0-yVXM5AGMM3kdsRxRgAn/s1600/DSCN5986+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiErOGb63-Q3RnuJdvLKiJCfj-u648hYlPe0ZOX07qygYa8SUzJyUCMPbD4AZVrjMF0jj7DydnkAqPq9WzCeiq3J7Jkpyx2KDi9pAJpwHD-8L2Qys5tCFVgh_K0-yVXM5AGMM3kdsRxRgAn/s320/DSCN5986+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbcIOWLjh08jT-VhvOt2UNTKoRfm4qdT57xdMC-3V3HUnWT2EdXzt40aMjQO39XQCZuPlv1Mdr-90wgIjM-ZX4LOyIvWNvN1NbIwzszg1Lan7ktAxQYYMYWN2SIq5_DU_C192FfS17zR-C/s1600/DSCN5987+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbcIOWLjh08jT-VhvOt2UNTKoRfm4qdT57xdMC-3V3HUnWT2EdXzt40aMjQO39XQCZuPlv1Mdr-90wgIjM-ZX4LOyIvWNvN1NbIwzszg1Lan7ktAxQYYMYWN2SIq5_DU_C192FfS17zR-C/s320/DSCN5987+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOHtoQMxMs5ERFGqO3cB1eiZzFwAmg1xRW0W4n9a8MvRkX4TcwjPim_gvabj91FrInPe3o16r5K5WDi35h5HXs_EQFTNsxbyNGZghCG1TgYCh_zvrrxL3U9r2fRP2PlW0Ulb6GHdop7ccp/s1600/DSCN5988+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOHtoQMxMs5ERFGqO3cB1eiZzFwAmg1xRW0W4n9a8MvRkX4TcwjPim_gvabj91FrInPe3o16r5K5WDi35h5HXs_EQFTNsxbyNGZghCG1TgYCh_zvrrxL3U9r2fRP2PlW0Ulb6GHdop7ccp/s320/DSCN5988+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS0XB6cgpGYROlmOVNy7Y_G6ByICtub76Squ4qnx-aSyOua0NxzR8MDhDeWKGdpnA19BtgGR3YwRSwfIrchtd0_vlZ1qK1cmCqkEecMYuXxL9uJYH2a2TO2jXyRq64rLMgDn383bstC5Ip/s1600/DSCN5993+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS0XB6cgpGYROlmOVNy7Y_G6ByICtub76Squ4qnx-aSyOua0NxzR8MDhDeWKGdpnA19BtgGR3YwRSwfIrchtd0_vlZ1qK1cmCqkEecMYuXxL9uJYH2a2TO2jXyRq64rLMgDn383bstC5Ip/s320/DSCN5993+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgteTXJu7Fwr3_HpMw6IqF7RTPt2hI6KYDAdhEYl81ZnDIdOC1R573GRIlb97Y_3WOeV4U_HFqxrW2zmdZrBtNKQikDp58t9oS8i9HZBIk6KK_FG_3IUJBp6TwV0tN65SLEFdMGGKmmkitO/s1600/DSCN5994+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgteTXJu7Fwr3_HpMw6IqF7RTPt2hI6KYDAdhEYl81ZnDIdOC1R573GRIlb97Y_3WOeV4U_HFqxrW2zmdZrBtNKQikDp58t9oS8i9HZBIk6KK_FG_3IUJBp6TwV0tN65SLEFdMGGKmmkitO/s320/DSCN5994+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhE7E1KNncTZ-iA3SqEHjzNogbWutaLt86pkVRD2r7YLZWV5oarjIlOYVA9kSUjDFBQMHpIDgh9TW0fJkRP4-4F5uJUH0ksHe9DAp88dN9kHI1xzBJfsjvrx_k0jZ076dHLmdF5dHXoLV7-/s1600/DSCN5995+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhE7E1KNncTZ-iA3SqEHjzNogbWutaLt86pkVRD2r7YLZWV5oarjIlOYVA9kSUjDFBQMHpIDgh9TW0fJkRP4-4F5uJUH0ksHe9DAp88dN9kHI1xzBJfsjvrx_k0jZ076dHLmdF5dHXoLV7-/s320/DSCN5995+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzFLlZl1ngdWWD3_EgdyDnZWZ43eKZyEyztKC0moZWi7MDr99p-a2xLnWQj5movEWhOX5e1wqBi6W9aahk3uI49XSHUYEUgTHnmY3Taz4TrAnkJxEoNPcOO9NqaFX7qjaqBalVtG6gPQ80/s1600/DSCN5996+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzFLlZl1ngdWWD3_EgdyDnZWZ43eKZyEyztKC0moZWi7MDr99p-a2xLnWQj5movEWhOX5e1wqBi6W9aahk3uI49XSHUYEUgTHnmY3Taz4TrAnkJxEoNPcOO9NqaFX7qjaqBalVtG6gPQ80/s320/DSCN5996+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZs22cFK6if1kYIZYbFloi_hoC84C5FiC7U9ll_5DKQkslagIgtuoTqpqTcN4M4LLgMvZ88Dz_Ghx5a3CDrG11sIyCHcEJp2T3LwUmTPg_sSFkApCX6hfELsJuhbp-OH2uAuzKe8vTzmCg/s1600/DSCN5997+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZs22cFK6if1kYIZYbFloi_hoC84C5FiC7U9ll_5DKQkslagIgtuoTqpqTcN4M4LLgMvZ88Dz_Ghx5a3CDrG11sIyCHcEJp2T3LwUmTPg_sSFkApCX6hfELsJuhbp-OH2uAuzKe8vTzmCg/s320/DSCN5997+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVbUZT8fZ0mLnNz_o0Um0zuJOzi2zn-1aoPbWBm1nO5etnJuFzTlWzfz9kfEqhbCTG9VlVhSn0V4OeDMef7sSrYcFew8XKoFMALD4SNj8PaOfssGGVdNNy4RusA7tezG3DutYmnRydEeC_/s1600/DSCN5998+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVbUZT8fZ0mLnNz_o0Um0zuJOzi2zn-1aoPbWBm1nO5etnJuFzTlWzfz9kfEqhbCTG9VlVhSn0V4OeDMef7sSrYcFew8XKoFMALD4SNj8PaOfssGGVdNNy4RusA7tezG3DutYmnRydEeC_/s320/DSCN5998+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuGPrLabgsppRERZdbhEkvqXdh4EaTVicd27WGjjgz4n5yI98kMNWzTBG_hUJUdeeK7bLoRo8Ze6eAlr2u5R1O0DSxeN3sZQ3jawazwuYd5L4gQz5xJPHYW1PCFn9a9wU6qv0rCdIzmTJO/s1600/DSCN5999+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuGPrLabgsppRERZdbhEkvqXdh4EaTVicd27WGjjgz4n5yI98kMNWzTBG_hUJUdeeK7bLoRo8Ze6eAlr2u5R1O0DSxeN3sZQ3jawazwuYd5L4gQz5xJPHYW1PCFn9a9wU6qv0rCdIzmTJO/s320/DSCN5999+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOW48iWvnu4GYbKx53IQEMrn7L7j6QO7X9wjYdlynoJk4EerqxiM-xs0OhDu6rspmIESbUwH1ETEkp2rlLXh1ENyFbmEiTh_3x1VYHP4Ox8vfT35F7dzNWeSwDD3VQuW94ur0OajHswjmr/s1600/DSCN6000+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOW48iWvnu4GYbKx53IQEMrn7L7j6QO7X9wjYdlynoJk4EerqxiM-xs0OhDu6rspmIESbUwH1ETEkp2rlLXh1ENyFbmEiTh_3x1VYHP4Ox8vfT35F7dzNWeSwDD3VQuW94ur0OajHswjmr/s320/DSCN6000+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9j4ml7QkPTIbNT90FO5t9kSUNo-QepNRpK_R5wqaXIyL2u8CbQ-kCsDrqYW_CbO9FGj8G-Q36suq5xgYOvsTs4oGfYx2c_bYSLygSPjtIvsc80CJ496RqLjGyZEqCgvvcHJpXa0_gb4kD/s1600/DSCN6001+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9j4ml7QkPTIbNT90FO5t9kSUNo-QepNRpK_R5wqaXIyL2u8CbQ-kCsDrqYW_CbO9FGj8G-Q36suq5xgYOvsTs4oGfYx2c_bYSLygSPjtIvsc80CJ496RqLjGyZEqCgvvcHJpXa0_gb4kD/s320/DSCN6001+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJZ2-eDU0XuPDopoIjpfLWEwR8KFi73aUKDVQ2QYkoPVsq79pc4__2gSE3BeYjQQKRcDqf0viPHkp032qPrA5Y83TjSNsN1CAuyt4Nig3igKzQPWEwo75W3ITDZHJPXRBeL3CrO6GtDSOp/s1600/DSCN6002+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJZ2-eDU0XuPDopoIjpfLWEwR8KFi73aUKDVQ2QYkoPVsq79pc4__2gSE3BeYjQQKRcDqf0viPHkp032qPrA5Y83TjSNsN1CAuyt4Nig3igKzQPWEwo75W3ITDZHJPXRBeL3CrO6GtDSOp/s320/DSCN6002+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHPrdUDkwNQd7Oao6ZzoTQs8jHGTQ3VVwwpzfs1yPvlP_3miZRqaouOPUDBVuN3P_W8Yj7SvrCHEItSjNPiuwYJZ6-uXiv-oz-Fb8HaT2ibFOFrmRKtLTtpCV_dD5iT3MZ8n0-FEdMp0N-/s1600/DSCN6003+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHPrdUDkwNQd7Oao6ZzoTQs8jHGTQ3VVwwpzfs1yPvlP_3miZRqaouOPUDBVuN3P_W8Yj7SvrCHEItSjNPiuwYJZ6-uXiv-oz-Fb8HaT2ibFOFrmRKtLTtpCV_dD5iT3MZ8n0-FEdMp0N-/s320/DSCN6003+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg98fQKa12iFoyv-AmDWTG1gJJ9gr6qLzQpfY0DzTUFRShvf11LL16L9SoggIjKihSx8Yz6VnVIDL9DV0dAekWvJr1CQlvGEoLyYmNNT8CA3Sulg49TVrAMRVWmDvvv84g3gqoBjaQqtZRT/s1600/DSCN6004+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg98fQKa12iFoyv-AmDWTG1gJJ9gr6qLzQpfY0DzTUFRShvf11LL16L9SoggIjKihSx8Yz6VnVIDL9DV0dAekWvJr1CQlvGEoLyYmNNT8CA3Sulg49TVrAMRVWmDvvv84g3gqoBjaQqtZRT/s320/DSCN6004+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-FpvqVisVDtwdIimlR3cQzVyInD5Qb0Ngi-Igkwexls5xTgt0W75DnNhJayuv6yq8aScHV850lti1MZvEJHGwiz2BHBtCVgsr13V5TXGPs-XfDKlrkBHGX11iahr7zq3JVcfb1xtzKw9k/s1600/DSCN6005+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-FpvqVisVDtwdIimlR3cQzVyInD5Qb0Ngi-Igkwexls5xTgt0W75DnNhJayuv6yq8aScHV850lti1MZvEJHGwiz2BHBtCVgsr13V5TXGPs-XfDKlrkBHGX11iahr7zq3JVcfb1xtzKw9k/s320/DSCN6005+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMlD2sfqGhveElWPmnrf3wGQM8PHm7ZPc9LNq3DjsFTv1rrqWyxcr7pab6DlUn7kXzam8CfJT89YB7QAt0zcXdfei3GT9A0joXCNZdeLT2RibQMkfHgOkusloPFBFkymJoiQK_zy0mjGnn/s1600/DSCN6006+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMlD2sfqGhveElWPmnrf3wGQM8PHm7ZPc9LNq3DjsFTv1rrqWyxcr7pab6DlUn7kXzam8CfJT89YB7QAt0zcXdfei3GT9A0joXCNZdeLT2RibQMkfHgOkusloPFBFkymJoiQK_zy0mjGnn/s320/DSCN6006+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjThGFH1hrcZqltarQYGO8DHfGfG2uqPM80TyfALSo4lGDvtQzVy7O7G2EmlNmXZBQ-FeOMR5LVLp5s0TxSnlbskMt6Qzsnl-tKUrAMDANNfxbVRL8v1YD8V_nYWe9_9gA5coObGX_yt8bU/s1600/DSCN6007+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjThGFH1hrcZqltarQYGO8DHfGfG2uqPM80TyfALSo4lGDvtQzVy7O7G2EmlNmXZBQ-FeOMR5LVLp5s0TxSnlbskMt6Qzsnl-tKUrAMDANNfxbVRL8v1YD8V_nYWe9_9gA5coObGX_yt8bU/s320/DSCN6007+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhw6Vv_BUWK7vWguyrICGliBnAFE9MND-ROzmAZSAu-aoqOQpvxVCKXH7KqNolKSsQiiki1f6Z4ErT3FdCj3tZ40L6FvRjgW0y34_evhslXyw5OnclWYIn-se68CWUIc8uPQ14I_hwFPWJp/s1600/DSCN6008+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhw6Vv_BUWK7vWguyrICGliBnAFE9MND-ROzmAZSAu-aoqOQpvxVCKXH7KqNolKSsQiiki1f6Z4ErT3FdCj3tZ40L6FvRjgW0y34_evhslXyw5OnclWYIn-se68CWUIc8uPQ14I_hwFPWJp/s320/DSCN6008+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdowjwlR3b_AnpVWzAbKwLMIXCJXt7loOA5YdRE-_bqkf7XfbHbJ9nywc9ow9PkZ4xvVxzTEbObyybQLxzWizQcIIZ_vGoqp_5B24oxahMu3oDEqs40CQKMbKYI6D_fLMlW5nCqmC1lWpk/s1600/DSCN6009+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdowjwlR3b_AnpVWzAbKwLMIXCJXt7loOA5YdRE-_bqkf7XfbHbJ9nywc9ow9PkZ4xvVxzTEbObyybQLxzWizQcIIZ_vGoqp_5B24oxahMu3oDEqs40CQKMbKYI6D_fLMlW5nCqmC1lWpk/s320/DSCN6009+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjROxY-ZqznKmVIyfi9OYFT8vzx4wWjQdvrBTCaAVnJ5Bk-4jPkchdMZajRIgyEXf6lWVW7NBQhsQsGsL7bHFKwuG3EI1NtzS_cuP_A6ubfs6ml-WftO_kFZd1zAL0MsfAhulAJ3WUtbw4j/s1600/DSCN6010+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjROxY-ZqznKmVIyfi9OYFT8vzx4wWjQdvrBTCaAVnJ5Bk-4jPkchdMZajRIgyEXf6lWVW7NBQhsQsGsL7bHFKwuG3EI1NtzS_cuP_A6ubfs6ml-WftO_kFZd1zAL0MsfAhulAJ3WUtbw4j/s320/DSCN6010+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgt6G_HE1zmygBG_6aZi4bJWWffenCq6gwZNpqEMHUgbmLa-6A_X1FrRDd9rf4gkK4obnwxiWsRc9xIX36ePc72N7ucfPEJuZNzlnLX2UeFxXGNwqUoQ_t8Fok10jNDntWlVjwMp7djSdWA/s1600/DSCN6014+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgt6G_HE1zmygBG_6aZi4bJWWffenCq6gwZNpqEMHUgbmLa-6A_X1FrRDd9rf4gkK4obnwxiWsRc9xIX36ePc72N7ucfPEJuZNzlnLX2UeFxXGNwqUoQ_t8Fok10jNDntWlVjwMp7djSdWA/s320/DSCN6014+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-x2TBR8MeJ9pHr5zkWjUC7omlN6a_iH5pEAGS5mAWrBZz-c2yNDK3h4-orMvvdf_X2VzFJx14v1Np30WGT6wEFag8EPIe2QF9-UL75LUNjXFSIO3aWiTwEbDdTx-9n_d396DZ7IHtdncF/s1600/DSCN6017+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-x2TBR8MeJ9pHr5zkWjUC7omlN6a_iH5pEAGS5mAWrBZz-c2yNDK3h4-orMvvdf_X2VzFJx14v1Np30WGT6wEFag8EPIe2QF9-UL75LUNjXFSIO3aWiTwEbDdTx-9n_d396DZ7IHtdncF/s320/DSCN6017+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsnLkxat_h57xBurAaKGrPq1gNhYXaZ9wHvHnjVG2qg_mlT6ZJCFcD9-9DY7KBy8Z9CyMfwvftAgqK0tL7x6w50coeoyQfJCoaHM0UMpkihWBArPRpKjYsDtFoinB7U2LLF-ePnsYBC3__/s1600/DSCN6023+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsnLkxat_h57xBurAaKGrPq1gNhYXaZ9wHvHnjVG2qg_mlT6ZJCFcD9-9DY7KBy8Z9CyMfwvftAgqK0tL7x6w50coeoyQfJCoaHM0UMpkihWBArPRpKjYsDtFoinB7U2LLF-ePnsYBC3__/s320/DSCN6023+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnziMjuAl2px5qurLoyjio5rep2mv8Y2X-fFur2Yu_j-Mj1IwtUxOTqlOupUaj9k7FpcX3cAq8dpCrrOiSC48XvN_xu-L5ka3iInzju-VIPqB9bgIraVwdWmsKcCi3rOynHi0lCt8uNoJU/s1600/DSCN6035+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnziMjuAl2px5qurLoyjio5rep2mv8Y2X-fFur2Yu_j-Mj1IwtUxOTqlOupUaj9k7FpcX3cAq8dpCrrOiSC48XvN_xu-L5ka3iInzju-VIPqB9bgIraVwdWmsKcCi3rOynHi0lCt8uNoJU/s320/DSCN6035+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxvzUyQTxd1BgMSIP5ELaGW-xuYtrsu_8_qmROZan6n3s67QFVqi-DpIBJRzaFzqb9qyfUsvLzxt9H836WbIbdIR44gtiaJYUgUxh94RYfENiYKo9Yk4CBPfstek48bnUU7-m54NXqfoBo/s1600/DSCN6044+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxvzUyQTxd1BgMSIP5ELaGW-xuYtrsu_8_qmROZan6n3s67QFVqi-DpIBJRzaFzqb9qyfUsvLzxt9H836WbIbdIR44gtiaJYUgUxh94RYfENiYKo9Yk4CBPfstek48bnUU7-m54NXqfoBo/s320/DSCN6044+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQ5JD5nVYN9_QYq_dj2p6SyDsoacIlfQjm5QzMpjJxk37mva9szPuKPL-8ixNS1bTz7S8zXPUC2DOkT_uHbYZ5l_JeaaWntHobq6uHVM4tDo2M8Noe-D-a2ioTry7AAS6Amsz52IzaUveZ/s1600/DSCN6049+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQ5JD5nVYN9_QYq_dj2p6SyDsoacIlfQjm5QzMpjJxk37mva9szPuKPL-8ixNS1bTz7S8zXPUC2DOkT_uHbYZ5l_JeaaWntHobq6uHVM4tDo2M8Noe-D-a2ioTry7AAS6Amsz52IzaUveZ/s320/DSCN6049+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEho2iM59iUcYjF-NHylUSxmLsGc4jxjdunhbBUktZcrgeSmj-eFkpcJmGd0gSSRhGU2eo-mgEWxNpUfOX8G0JCXmknliA5Ke9s9MB0_vK_MERJeKp8d93BmtDivw4e4cG_LyovjD5rpoRIG/s1600/DSCN6053+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEho2iM59iUcYjF-NHylUSxmLsGc4jxjdunhbBUktZcrgeSmj-eFkpcJmGd0gSSRhGU2eo-mgEWxNpUfOX8G0JCXmknliA5Ke9s9MB0_vK_MERJeKp8d93BmtDivw4e4cG_LyovjD5rpoRIG/s320/DSCN6053+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiA0ChQUE8qBO5n1cmRKWUrjolvle-wNK_BghZg4_Xw24hWNwLNT96dM0-O0C-W5zElhr7rEC_QnZDvlekQky9f5k1Fs94B-vp-N5CwOt1hXTXEwv5TJHNlat2OSoxX-Fq5FeKF0875PHKX/s1600/DSCN6055+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiA0ChQUE8qBO5n1cmRKWUrjolvle-wNK_BghZg4_Xw24hWNwLNT96dM0-O0C-W5zElhr7rEC_QnZDvlekQky9f5k1Fs94B-vp-N5CwOt1hXTXEwv5TJHNlat2OSoxX-Fq5FeKF0875PHKX/s320/DSCN6055+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLBI8kOmfalMKRFePHxGf3dB-h1abW9hA91V9srefNpwmVGTE1QGfyXoDoVCuyvqVseL1VINW07sXSyl-Bt_3su4u-8zW252LMNL3Psv-i-l8qVtvVAeRN1bSAKHNzzl9FbpKOutF10Mtm/s1600/DSCN6059+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLBI8kOmfalMKRFePHxGf3dB-h1abW9hA91V9srefNpwmVGTE1QGfyXoDoVCuyvqVseL1VINW07sXSyl-Bt_3su4u-8zW252LMNL3Psv-i-l8qVtvVAeRN1bSAKHNzzl9FbpKOutF10Mtm/s320/DSCN6059+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhw0TjYR8wASKb2JDVZ_UixcHFnpBZ_t8BIkPI0Pm-ApZzXpd96yX3HKohOLIpB5xtKWYNVzVy7z8yvYPUAZU1dk2_n0rN-K5wsETQEySC_qpDW6BwLadffpn4Tn3QXoQqSLMKmRUDmvXnh/s1600/DSCN6061+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhw0TjYR8wASKb2JDVZ_UixcHFnpBZ_t8BIkPI0Pm-ApZzXpd96yX3HKohOLIpB5xtKWYNVzVy7z8yvYPUAZU1dk2_n0rN-K5wsETQEySC_qpDW6BwLadffpn4Tn3QXoQqSLMKmRUDmvXnh/s320/DSCN6061+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmzzRY3FvH-lhc7JYHsibSdCX18cEXy19tBUIFOK_9R_6B5Mo6gIeCQJfIIwLziik907hCP_PCJFiXfauBO6xJ9MDAgdqs_GAdRaOhyphenhyphen7Vimd6WVaL5vl-RK-eSlcGTC4srhxvE1AUyNkDt/s1600/DSCN6063+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmzzRY3FvH-lhc7JYHsibSdCX18cEXy19tBUIFOK_9R_6B5Mo6gIeCQJfIIwLziik907hCP_PCJFiXfauBO6xJ9MDAgdqs_GAdRaOhyphenhyphen7Vimd6WVaL5vl-RK-eSlcGTC4srhxvE1AUyNkDt/s320/DSCN6063+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLESGoy6g5sYDXrnKZPujv3eWma1irwF8ALI-5TpFHthcU9YLqvYGe0xyGyaY6T6H5i15PA0ViO4QJts5my31p2lHxoDBq0hw_YpH8jqNaPhg2Pa_n0P8kSdiM07CFFBT9FUxOp6p8yZcz/s1600/DSCN6064+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLESGoy6g5sYDXrnKZPujv3eWma1irwF8ALI-5TpFHthcU9YLqvYGe0xyGyaY6T6H5i15PA0ViO4QJts5my31p2lHxoDBq0hw_YpH8jqNaPhg2Pa_n0P8kSdiM07CFFBT9FUxOp6p8yZcz/s320/DSCN6064+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIlWdK6BWSp9FsBmTL0wN2CFfDycAMgnSW18oCzFrNr0y-9GQDRRtbVYqR1tBoqqSL4QnaOfYn6aytdk1ws9ZJqWGnwjGvcEjw43snXs3cgqInDaT3ywl9QCF2UF6yWufP_jXENQoiFMUR/s1600/DSCN6065+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIlWdK6BWSp9FsBmTL0wN2CFfDycAMgnSW18oCzFrNr0y-9GQDRRtbVYqR1tBoqqSL4QnaOfYn6aytdk1ws9ZJqWGnwjGvcEjw43snXs3cgqInDaT3ywl9QCF2UF6yWufP_jXENQoiFMUR/s320/DSCN6065+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBY9oJo9vq_LU4OyRdle1V2N4uTv9-m9_uAKmDQOS5iiB3xi3t2qBKc02kv0mwgFqBrvv6NeVIkF337F_owISF6mmM8eOPtRatFVP6aTmcmL6kIfTwSZX9SKsFEoA9uSKE1yFFSJZqobtn/s1600/DSCN6066+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBY9oJo9vq_LU4OyRdle1V2N4uTv9-m9_uAKmDQOS5iiB3xi3t2qBKc02kv0mwgFqBrvv6NeVIkF337F_owISF6mmM8eOPtRatFVP6aTmcmL6kIfTwSZX9SKsFEoA9uSKE1yFFSJZqobtn/s320/DSCN6066+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIdnomhZ1F6KLWB03L_Dy82vNCqaMGlZNk7kB-Myh_X2-c2rzlveAMvYYNklXkILXWPzTjTWU2pZsuwqkeu9LBPsRWdDvNzjm4ebwCF8u-5BCR2JodNjAH5aEnwPVNJk61k6MJHedTjjGj/s1600/DSCN6068+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIdnomhZ1F6KLWB03L_Dy82vNCqaMGlZNk7kB-Myh_X2-c2rzlveAMvYYNklXkILXWPzTjTWU2pZsuwqkeu9LBPsRWdDvNzjm4ebwCF8u-5BCR2JodNjAH5aEnwPVNJk61k6MJHedTjjGj/s320/DSCN6068+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhosRh1ZEm7FwTxvrrhSi8i-HzLbe8__JEBSXOaV2jf-XVtfKXePcHRbQXbVbYclaKwujiI9tYeFPRlqjburx3xHfAJRpTqEtvgeBDdgr79OM8shxlt4mM70deDzqTEe8XGQqNT3VR0CRQB/s1600/DSCN6069+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhosRh1ZEm7FwTxvrrhSi8i-HzLbe8__JEBSXOaV2jf-XVtfKXePcHRbQXbVbYclaKwujiI9tYeFPRlqjburx3xHfAJRpTqEtvgeBDdgr79OM8shxlt4mM70deDzqTEe8XGQqNT3VR0CRQB/s320/DSCN6069+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDOYoUF9VgcUntUdpYzZhbTQ0pHloHPfCpDrRFcBcbLe-jJWxuuymPaVdl1WgdGa0Q0KABPMOtwHYeICfmII5PFSLELKkK-Q8jOB6YpO8v3nw57qIdirMiJeIJBBHY87vVcLBTUSAS-REC/s1600/DSCN6070+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDOYoUF9VgcUntUdpYzZhbTQ0pHloHPfCpDrRFcBcbLe-jJWxuuymPaVdl1WgdGa0Q0KABPMOtwHYeICfmII5PFSLELKkK-Q8jOB6YpO8v3nw57qIdirMiJeIJBBHY87vVcLBTUSAS-REC/s320/DSCN6070+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEja0QIvmhKTOwRQueOj8fDcXdVkpsUTFNTUVVjByd_xsd-ruLLkdMXySwmVTKLT-UXevsARKva1NPjvxgCi6X25Xng_2b2cARA2YJZNYClFJy-MuEaToaOsJK7Wgy8XMH9Ucv1TQY7_9g0P/s1600/DSCN6071+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEja0QIvmhKTOwRQueOj8fDcXdVkpsUTFNTUVVjByd_xsd-ruLLkdMXySwmVTKLT-UXevsARKva1NPjvxgCi6X25Xng_2b2cARA2YJZNYClFJy-MuEaToaOsJK7Wgy8XMH9Ucv1TQY7_9g0P/s320/DSCN6071+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaR2GFfWwl9Nqc2p0i5Mrz-w2-vHPsn5OINuHmWZc2Im2d4fvlLEuHy4Sos_vDJqXLBDBBNzKfIi4oGx2qnwudnNtOKsbEF2G7wIyaK5or5rw5jfAlWxfJ1js-kMF0SkT6x2kTC2IBsjQN/s1600/DSCN6073+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaR2GFfWwl9Nqc2p0i5Mrz-w2-vHPsn5OINuHmWZc2Im2d4fvlLEuHy4Sos_vDJqXLBDBBNzKfIi4oGx2qnwudnNtOKsbEF2G7wIyaK5or5rw5jfAlWxfJ1js-kMF0SkT6x2kTC2IBsjQN/s320/DSCN6073+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1OolZvccnDX9_8bc8yR27EeqjCaIVuqYQoPkUszs5msPxE-UxmjMLrsCaAd9IBgQzEYrqR_SbNH-RiPp0lbKnsat80hB4OlyqxuoxiMweBLnqSCpOZRomx76O1u5IYqTaL-GGX2PVo2vR/s1600/DSCN6074+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1OolZvccnDX9_8bc8yR27EeqjCaIVuqYQoPkUszs5msPxE-UxmjMLrsCaAd9IBgQzEYrqR_SbNH-RiPp0lbKnsat80hB4OlyqxuoxiMweBLnqSCpOZRomx76O1u5IYqTaL-GGX2PVo2vR/s320/DSCN6074+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiz9iwVJXtG2v46GHqWvfpT6-uJlAwKgbNWbn5Drnh5rKu6oi7RSPOl4Z3Q9x9BtqdSuOuzXvcEhWl-O0rM9ErwZ92DKLT6chGuhJGA8f4v-KNwvqrbH0WPl95VArXRuvamxddNfLXdrdX2/s1600/DSCN6075+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiz9iwVJXtG2v46GHqWvfpT6-uJlAwKgbNWbn5Drnh5rKu6oi7RSPOl4Z3Q9x9BtqdSuOuzXvcEhWl-O0rM9ErwZ92DKLT6chGuhJGA8f4v-KNwvqrbH0WPl95VArXRuvamxddNfLXdrdX2/s320/DSCN6075+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHkwOj6lR5pS8lr-Wch3lpJo7Nnj1s8Ot23h1Z-OuC-beWOmBjLgAhCzk8krBQCAW5BemGcByBP_x6VIYPhJepzeP9aHGVgKpmn-xprekq9WjgXG3mI2dO8vd4O0enkwykISg5_ll_vgXD/s1600/DSCN6076+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHkwOj6lR5pS8lr-Wch3lpJo7Nnj1s8Ot23h1Z-OuC-beWOmBjLgAhCzk8krBQCAW5BemGcByBP_x6VIYPhJepzeP9aHGVgKpmn-xprekq9WjgXG3mI2dO8vd4O0enkwykISg5_ll_vgXD/s320/DSCN6076+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIq4Q-TxVDEneY8MoqGrQHYkgrpPq3iaA9TpyOT9mEdZ38wY75fWin2PlLIhC7AU6eOL5T0JH_DW6hr4KJ3Y-rH6lf3K8feXEnsnKR_sAyZoCgrNl5IbLSB_qb9igcqUx5VJJ_T6n26I2u/s1600/DSCN6077+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIq4Q-TxVDEneY8MoqGrQHYkgrpPq3iaA9TpyOT9mEdZ38wY75fWin2PlLIhC7AU6eOL5T0JH_DW6hr4KJ3Y-rH6lf3K8feXEnsnKR_sAyZoCgrNl5IbLSB_qb9igcqUx5VJJ_T6n26I2u/s320/DSCN6077+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivjzVMPUrhmyWc98ueW4vrwDsL3pMJccEkeI0lQP0NL4jJutXIYpZPGY6VqwcFy2_UqGebTY0FjJLR_VflY9E4KjI6eBcK3VAjKOpPNcE4k4ZQMyXV73JiCbAFrVwQCbb4QPiVBqdyIlJS/s1600/DSCN6080+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivjzVMPUrhmyWc98ueW4vrwDsL3pMJccEkeI0lQP0NL4jJutXIYpZPGY6VqwcFy2_UqGebTY0FjJLR_VflY9E4KjI6eBcK3VAjKOpPNcE4k4ZQMyXV73JiCbAFrVwQCbb4QPiVBqdyIlJS/s320/DSCN6080+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvNtbjl-JEj2WTF3P2dq5VTibBu1ii8Lt_c_Gr4bAbLLIXnCvhyWn_84v-LZV22EJiD7MgY6PgFg_eABQuhPiGsT6Y5Oj3Nf2Yz_Vj9fxqRCM1RPqQuH3GAc3pUxpsJP5rbiwDr6ukmyvq/s1600/DSCN6084+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvNtbjl-JEj2WTF3P2dq5VTibBu1ii8Lt_c_Gr4bAbLLIXnCvhyWn_84v-LZV22EJiD7MgY6PgFg_eABQuhPiGsT6Y5Oj3Nf2Yz_Vj9fxqRCM1RPqQuH3GAc3pUxpsJP5rbiwDr6ukmyvq/s320/DSCN6084+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgp1Dr8v4vljAzZwNKwcYkKk0HMU8NmRowILU6hx8DBhdM28ypIUKUufleiSLeL1DW08zF68fIvDljihyphenhyphenYIZBh0opCTZKIlPlsY_yeFwYB2YGy9OF1g2SC9_WtslPFESOJk6dV2Md4u5UUX/s1600/DSCN6092+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgp1Dr8v4vljAzZwNKwcYkKk0HMU8NmRowILU6hx8DBhdM28ypIUKUufleiSLeL1DW08zF68fIvDljihyphenhyphenYIZBh0opCTZKIlPlsY_yeFwYB2YGy9OF1g2SC9_WtslPFESOJk6dV2Md4u5UUX/s320/DSCN6092+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaXvZUZlugCyTIV3fD72hsgSnYx7K5MmDPg64zf3H21sJDbORyXvHM5rEGbWfDKC31Nu_OZlnZ18r48aF7A5U0SpQrUBtMQxkwm64Ab-8IeUDUsTn6v_pUDhpfNzR7klqrvx0FUg2WDdDv/s1600/DSCN6104+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaXvZUZlugCyTIV3fD72hsgSnYx7K5MmDPg64zf3H21sJDbORyXvHM5rEGbWfDKC31Nu_OZlnZ18r48aF7A5U0SpQrUBtMQxkwm64Ab-8IeUDUsTn6v_pUDhpfNzR7klqrvx0FUg2WDdDv/s320/DSCN6104+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg19cOeO9LHCjJ7EfGtyDMB2yIsLk57lYneDsF9JH2L0BFmKjC-xE-sJKHb-31QiwAh1hOl14KcuEP3REc0lYd14r0GOSVRGaYN8XBJqml37M4fMMTYWfq-rxKZ4iMevBoaz9a6jVj6Mbu7/s1600/DSCN6114.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg19cOeO9LHCjJ7EfGtyDMB2yIsLk57lYneDsF9JH2L0BFmKjC-xE-sJKHb-31QiwAh1hOl14KcuEP3REc0lYd14r0GOSVRGaYN8XBJqml37M4fMMTYWfq-rxKZ4iMevBoaz9a6jVj6Mbu7/s320/DSCN6114.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCkMJIbnO1HvCXUcJrcR8N9X17sAOwbDA3efLJdMQGnuYrl-aTEwAI69x39B5GjlnIY0TSYNBDvhas5I3bOpT125jyoxazKw4l7WCdGDjjHaY_XRtV5CNA37uInaDEi5BGEOhAl-vBjwr_/s1600/DSCN6126.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCkMJIbnO1HvCXUcJrcR8N9X17sAOwbDA3efLJdMQGnuYrl-aTEwAI69x39B5GjlnIY0TSYNBDvhas5I3bOpT125jyoxazKw4l7WCdGDjjHaY_XRtV5CNA37uInaDEi5BGEOhAl-vBjwr_/s320/DSCN6126.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg02O4ajNsM9vzJBW9pmUW8KKr0ab_kVaJO4WxcdKELY6rMrCVTp8_bjIyia_RT_b-pCdGjjPwTU0Y6cDf_C5xAGk1QJefcwlvPDoBoU_Ax1ysovCGkovHv2lmNKzZEdGJoICIwZ6_RBzLZ/s1600/DSCN6130.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg02O4ajNsM9vzJBW9pmUW8KKr0ab_kVaJO4WxcdKELY6rMrCVTp8_bjIyia_RT_b-pCdGjjPwTU0Y6cDf_C5xAGk1QJefcwlvPDoBoU_Ax1ysovCGkovHv2lmNKzZEdGJoICIwZ6_RBzLZ/s320/DSCN6130.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZl3wcLa20yFu7Xr7qPrO5pEAHj_oBkpti55DJg4lLaT_XwYia6n589qrdWrrv4Eu1O1E_jBs85BTS_jBfIGR5T5hLvdOgmLhyphenhyphencvHeVbRtGRT0zwsjjL2dYX9V6GZspmOIwuS7r7_3eePA/s1600/DSCN6135.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZl3wcLa20yFu7Xr7qPrO5pEAHj_oBkpti55DJg4lLaT_XwYia6n589qrdWrrv4Eu1O1E_jBs85BTS_jBfIGR5T5hLvdOgmLhyphenhyphencvHeVbRtGRT0zwsjjL2dYX9V6GZspmOIwuS7r7_3eePA/s320/DSCN6135.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdjyDojLrfbDoFXxlK_HvqIa5KkQ_cHbcU-41rTts9MNNUm0bGZFqwNSgrwIfGJ2ccUjq13_LXmcyaJw3Z2ewOS2bOMt6zmBphdEIA22ZsMOOSQluSfMDAbzpV0rUa66109Ob3dxrnr2gO/s1600/DSCN6137.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdjyDojLrfbDoFXxlK_HvqIa5KkQ_cHbcU-41rTts9MNNUm0bGZFqwNSgrwIfGJ2ccUjq13_LXmcyaJw3Z2ewOS2bOMt6zmBphdEIA22ZsMOOSQluSfMDAbzpV0rUa66109Ob3dxrnr2gO/s320/DSCN6137.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizL1Ka6jF0hPfQ33J3h5Kvgq5qVqsojHwDSkkg2tkVfDA-4an0VjzcZYr-M7vgoDvx7XJJ_-kLeU71tJlz70BLpo9yiUi6NypCUg__geLiJFkC0Jv5dSYAh0nnF5Ei4AWOnxZ5NYhE6HYN/s1600/DSCN6151.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizL1Ka6jF0hPfQ33J3h5Kvgq5qVqsojHwDSkkg2tkVfDA-4an0VjzcZYr-M7vgoDvx7XJJ_-kLeU71tJlz70BLpo9yiUi6NypCUg__geLiJFkC0Jv5dSYAh0nnF5Ei4AWOnxZ5NYhE6HYN/s320/DSCN6151.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtShAj2LA6Z1qwxKXo3amV338Uox-xD9IInJGR4Zxn_SD-1XzmjvliWxIQbyWaJonLH0x0_DBRBpOV5HylwzcozohKxaDbq1NRbSIoYQ6tCTkF7WEhbaIaEqENKmohRRVnMGvP20g-RnWJ/s1600/DSCN6155.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtShAj2LA6Z1qwxKXo3amV338Uox-xD9IInJGR4Zxn_SD-1XzmjvliWxIQbyWaJonLH0x0_DBRBpOV5HylwzcozohKxaDbq1NRbSIoYQ6tCTkF7WEhbaIaEqENKmohRRVnMGvP20g-RnWJ/s320/DSCN6155.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-41125217473777349002019-11-08T16:21:00.000-08:002019-11-08T16:21:13.441-08:00The Implications in the Use of English as the Medium of Instruction in Business Management Courses at Vavuniya Campus <br /><a href="https://www.academia.edu/40880346/The_Implications_in_the_Use_of_English_as_the_Medium_of_Instruction_in_Business_Management_Courses_at_Vavuniya_Campus" target="_blank">The Implications in the Use of English as the Medium of Instruction in Business Management Courses at Vavuniya Campus </a>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-62217630913129848372019-10-02T12:11:00.001-07:002019-10-02T12:11:38.519-07:00Keezhadi Excavation in Tamil Nadu, Tamil was Oldest Stamps PM Narendra Modi<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/TeQixYTyfqI" width="480"></iframe>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-17100901620692386512019-09-27T23:43:00.001-07:002019-09-27T23:43:00.713-07:00"You Can't Impose Any Language": Now Rajinikanth Opposes Hindi As 'Natio...<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="344" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/I8kJ7BrBHqQ" width="459"></iframe>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-90250447155901838062019-09-27T22:31:00.001-07:002019-09-27T22:31:31.655-07:00We The People: Should Hindi Be Made India's National Language?<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="344" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/EZOlaTDm7c0" width="459"></iframe>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-8894996902783239692019-09-23T11:04:00.001-07:002019-09-23T11:04:22.008-07:00சிந்துவெளி நாகரிகம் தமிழர் நாகரிகமே! சிந்துவெளி ஆய்வாளர் ஆர். பாலகிருஷ்ணன்<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/lDkhQtTJyMo" width="480"></iframe>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-86385198541767267362019-09-23T10:43:00.001-07:002019-09-23T10:43:14.004-07:00Ancient graffiti found in Keezhadi, Madurai; Aryan invasion falling apar...<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/cvpOQwYXj_0" width="480"></iframe>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-13037436222787488372019-09-23T01:31:00.001-07:002019-09-23T01:31:55.569-07:00கீழடியின் முதல் குரல் ( முழு பதிவு )... - அமர்நாத் இராமகிருஷ்ணா | கீழடி ...<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/eah0X5VpWOw" width="480"></iframe>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-48370217976532438012019-09-22T02:48:00.001-07:002019-09-22T02:48:59.192-07:00தமிழர்களுடைய வரலாறு 7000 ஆண்டுகள் பழமையானது | அருட்தந்தை ஜெகத் கஸ்பர்<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/cnHmhR4pSJ0" width="480"></iframe>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-78261393481431889342019-09-03T09:34:00.001-07:002019-09-03T09:34:02.144-07:00பகுத்தறிவு பேசு, ஆனால்? பழ. கருப்பையா பரபரப்பு பேச்சு ... Pazha Karuppia...<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/PiJ2xdU4C6s" width="480"></iframe>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-29239601213521153262018-12-30T02:28:00.001-08:002018-12-30T02:28:33.646-08:00Indru - கீழடி தமிழரின் தாய்மடி | History Of Keeladi | Keezhadi excavatio...<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/RaZtVLIce3w" width="480"></iframe>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-79336840261940226212018-12-30T02:08:00.001-08:002018-12-30T02:08:53.412-08:00Rowthiram Pazhagu: கீழடி பற்றி ஓர் ஆய்வு | 19/08/2017 | Puthiya Thalaimu...<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/1PaBDlF5_tg" width="480"></iframe>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-2528255686847883212018-12-30T01:22:00.001-08:002018-12-30T01:22:57.520-08:00கீழடி நசுக்கப்படும் தமிழர் வரலாறு | keezhadi - 2,200 years Old Ancient City<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Knoa5MsktIQ" width="480"></iframe>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-41608790557780881642018-10-15T23:52:00.000-07:002018-10-15T23:52:09.302-07:00Noun Phrase Formation in Business Letter Writing in English<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in;">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in; padding: 0in; text-align: center; text-indent: -2.5in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327860564_Noun_Phrase_Formation_in_Business_Letter_Writing_in_English" target="_blank">Noun Phrase Formation in Business Letter Writing in English</a><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in; padding: 0in; text-indent: -2.5in;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jeyaseelan G. & Subajana J<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Senior Lecturers in English, Department of English Language Teaching<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Faculty of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<a href="mailto:jeya86@hotmail.com"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">jeya86@hotmail.com</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">; </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">subi_08@hotmail.com</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.5pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> J. & Jeyaseelan, S. (21 August 2018).<i> </i></span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Noun Phrase Formation in Business Letter Writing in English. </span><i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Journal of Business Management. ISSN </span></i>2651-0189 <i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">(Print). Vol. 01 Issue. 01; 20 August 2018. Faculty of Business Studies, Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. </span></i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> A Biannual Peer-Reviewed Refereed Research Journal. pp.34-57. Available at<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327860564_Noun_Phrase_Formation_in_Business_Letter_Writing_in_English">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327860564_Noun_Phrase_Formation_in_Business_Letter_Writing_in_English</a><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Abstract<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> The</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> communicative functions and linguistic forms of nouns and noun phrases in letter writing in English reveal the linguistic and non-linguistic implications in the Sri Lankan English Language Teaching and English Language Learning context.</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It is a case study of the texts produced by the students from Tamil and Sinhala language communities of Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna in Sri Lanka. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">This research describes the structural and functional types the respondents used, their quantity, quality and their distinct features from the universal types and functions.</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> The analysis is both quantitative and qualitative. </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The findings distinguish the universal patterns from the local patterns typical of a non-native ESL learning context. It finds out the constitution of the components of the noun phrases, pre- and post-modifiers, the embedded structure of the NPs within other phrases and clauses and vice versa, and, functionally, the themes of the discourse, the subject, object and the predicative complements. The learner competence in the use and types of nouns, nominalization, the distinction </span></i><i><span style="color: #111111; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">between nouns and the rest of the linguistic units, within their types and their functions, comparative use of abstract ideas over the concrete actions in the NPs are identified and analyzed for logical and pragmatic relations. </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keywords: noun</span></i></b><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> phrase, structure, function, position, discourse theme</span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">1. Introduction<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nouns (N) and noun phrases (NP) in English are created and used in considerable numbers and functions. Sri Lankan students construct and use NPs in English writing. The genre of letters in business communication in Sri Lankanized context demands contextualized and nativized forms of NPs. The patterns developed and used in the letter of complaint expect the patterns and expressions to be Sri Lankan culturally and linguistically. The texts of the respondents reflect the learned patterns of NPs and distinct localized patterns of NPs. First, the writings of the students show ambiguity in creating and using NPs in the right positions of subject, object, and complement. The implications in creating complex forms of NPs are identifiable in their writing. Pre-modification and post-modification of the head of the NPs need proficiency in phrase and clause construction, especially the types of phrases and clauses to be used as pre-modifiers and post-modifiers. The creation of NPs expressing abstract or conceptual ideas seems to be comparatively more changing than the NPs communicating concrete actions. Thus Nouns and noun phrases are formed and also, make their establishments in other phrases and clauses such as prepositional phrases (PP), adverbial and adjectival phrases (AdvP and AdjP) and clauses. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">There is lack of understanding of the theory and application of complex phrases and clauses structured in layers or embedded nature, for example, the phrase within a cause and the clause within a phrase or noun phrase within a prepositional phrase and vice versa. They convey syntactic, semantic and pragmatic or discourse or ideological functions. Without realizing the basic distinctions or taxonomic diversification, the learners and users handle nouns and noun phrases which affect the teaching and learning of subjects taught in English medium. If the types and functions are not contrastively understood and applied, they impede competence and performance of the quantitative or qualitative content of an action or idea produced in written texts. Nouns are significant structural and functional elements presented in both concrete and abstract entities and form and meaning, and they are essential discourse devices so complex and diverse in producing written texts. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2. Need for the study<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sri Lankan students use nouns in English writing without distinguishing different form and functional implications. There is the need for being proficient in their use in intra-sentential and inter-sentential functions and relations and denotations and connotations. Business communication demands a skillful use of nouns and marketable and attention-catching nominalization. The use of nouns in English does not cause severe inhibitions in ‘fluent communication' in English by the natives of Sri Lanka, the Sinhalese and Tamil. They take this feature as granted and do have this system in similar forms. However, they continue to commit deviation structurally and functionally in their English discourse at the higher or complex level of communication in real life. They fail to show the form and functional distinctions in English. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3. Theoretical background<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jespersen (1976 [1914]: 15) defines an NP as a combination of words put together to form a sense unit. However, Kruisinga (1932 [1909]: 177) says that NPs are "syntactic groups" as a combination of words which are part of a sentence. Hockett (1958: 152-154) states them as composite forms hierarchically organized as ‘endocentric constructions, which is in the Immediate Constituent Analysis, an NP that has a head and an attribute. Jucker, (1992) has studied at N+N structures, and Levi, (1978) thinks of this pattern as morphological compounds. NPs assume the roles of pre-modification (Biber & Clark 2002). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Quirk <i>et al. </i>(1985) classify modifiers regarding their position within the noun phrase. The pre-modifiers precede or the post-modifiers follow the head noun. There are restrictive modifier (e.g., <i>my <b>younger </b>sister</i>), and non-restrictive modifier (e.g., <i>my <b>lovely </b>dog</i>). Aarts & Aarts (1988: 10-14) describes the noun phrase as a headed phrase in which the head is the only essential constituent. In Generative Grammar, Jackendoff, (1977) discusses X-bar theory in which he says all phrases as the product of syntactic rules which are context-free, using lexical categories such as noun, verb, adjective, and preposition as the starting point of projection paths.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Halliday (1985: 158-159) makes a distinction between a <i>group and a phrase</i>. The former is “a word complex or a combination of words built upon the basis of a particular logical relation” and “an expansion of a word, but the latter is “a contraction of a clause”<i> or nominal groups</i> (1985: 159). In Cognitive Grammar, Langacker, (1990: 1) considers a different approach. CG gives importance to meaning than form. Language is knowledge in mind. Grammatical structure is the outcome of semantic structure. Grammar is non-generative and non-constructive. Grammaticality is not categorical but gradient. Grammatical structures are symbolic. Lexicon, morphology, and syntax are a continuum of symbolic units. This dual approach creates NPs into categories and functions. Therefore, the NP categories are notional rather than grammatical (ibid: 59).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Taylor (2002: 343) differentiates the lexical category <i>noun </i>from the syntactic category <i>noun phrase</i>. NPs or nominals are internally complex having grounding, quantification, specification and a type or instantiation, for example, <i>the ten rupee note</i>. Raumolin-Brunberg (1991:64) refers NPs possessing constituency (part-whole hierarchical relations), dependency (part-part relations) and linear order. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Beauchamp & Dressler (1984) state that there is a need for cohesion in the language use. It is essential to language development (Crossley & McNamara, 2009). Arnold (2007) explains about two types of significant cohesion concerning NPs: grammatical cohesion, (nominal or pronominal reference chain) and lexical cohesion, (the lexeme reference chain). However, the NP patterns do not follow a ‘simple repetition to create cohesion,' but there is ‘a range of discourse factors operating’ on the patterns of noun phrases in English discourse cohesion. (Arnold & Griffin, 2007). Further, Halliday and Hasan (1976) initially explained this classification of cohesion. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The distance between one noun phrase to another create the different discourse patterns of lexical and grammatical NP forms (Chafe, 1985; Givon, 1990). They found that pronouns are prioritized over lexical repetition of an NP. However, the latter is used dominantly in academic writing (Mizapour & Ahmer, 2011). Collins and Hollo (2009) state that genre influences the choice. Business communication in English is a professional language use similar to academic language use, so the use of NPs dominates over the pronoun use based on the findings of Mizapour & Ahmer, (2011). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Payne & Huddleston (2002: 326) classify NPs functioning as subject, object or predicative complement. They further state that <i>nominal</i> is intermediate between the noun phrase and the noun, filling another syntactic function, that of nominal modifiers. The determiner plays a significant role in the NP and is obligatory in many instances. There is an argument that the head of the NP which has a determiner, the determiner is the real head, not the noun which is the type or instance. They classify determiners as determiner proper (e.g., <b><i>this man</i></b>, <b><i>the son’s </i></b><i>bed</i>), predeterminers (e.g., <b><i>both </i></b><i>these factors</i>), and central determiners (e.g., <i>both <b>these factors</b></i>) and postdeterminers (e.g., <i>the <b>many </b>coins you have</i>) (Quirk <i>et al. </i>1985). They further subclassify premodifiers in terms of proximity: (1) General (<i>small</i>, <i>big</i>), (2) Age (<i>old</i>, <i>young</i>), (3) Colour (<i>black</i>, <i>red</i>), (4) Participle (<i>disturbing</i>, <i>closed</i>), (5) Provenance (<i>Spanish</i>, <i>English</i>), (6) Noun (<i>air</i>, <i>Paris</i>), (7) Denominal (<i>personal</i>, <i>human</i>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">One more notable discovery is the declining grades of agency in the English subject roles (Payne, 2011). The object or complement roles of agency are more visible assuming transitive, intransitive and copulative agent roles. However, the third role qualifies its subject, in other words, a cohesive subject (Huddleston & Pullum, 2002). The single word lexical NPs are used more to reduce the information in the repetitive use of the same idea as the NP (Christensen, 2011). On the other hand, the multiple word NPs carry the highest amount of new information. The syntactic role of the subject in English is a cohesive NP or a transitive subject (Ashby & Bentivligio, 2003). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jo-Anne Hutter (2015) talks about ‘language socialization’ and accepts the previous research establishing the importance of the nouns and noun modification because of their commonness and complexity. She catalogs six types of noun modification: relative clauses, <i>ing</i>-clause post-modifiers, <i>ed</i>-clause post-modifiers, prepositional post-modifiers, pre-modifying nouns, and attributive adjectives. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">In addition to the simple classification of the NPs, De Mönnink (2000) classifies NPs in terms of complex movement and position: NP with a deferred modifier (H + (AP, ADVP, NP), NP with a floating deferred modifier: a clause or a phrase is outside the NP boundaries, NP with a fronted modifier: a clause precedes the head, NP with a discontinuous modifier: the constituents of an AP do not occur adjacent to each other, NP with a deferred determiner: part of the determiner follows the NP head, NP with floating deferred determiner: the determiner occurs outside the NP boundaries, NP with a discontinuous determiner, NP with a deferred limiter: the limiter occurs after the NP head, and NP with a floating deferred emphasizer: the emphasizer occurs outside NP boundaries.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">4. Methodology<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This study analyzes the texts of a business letter writing exercise in English. The second-year students of the Bachelor of Business Management program belonging to the Faculty of Business Studies of the Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The methodology is qualitative and quantitative. It is a textual analytical approach under applied linguistics. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">During a Business English examination, the students wrote “a letter of complaint</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> to the Branch Manager of the Ceylon Electricity Board of their district regarding power cuts. As a customer and consumer of electric power supply in their respective area, over the last three months, they have experienced severe, unscheduled, sudden and prolonged power cuts which have caused immense difficulties in managing the day to day life in the area”. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This research investigates the quantity of the types of nouns (465) used by the percentage of the respondents (84). </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">The </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">study analyzed the data for authentic functional and structural patterns and types of NPs and their textual and linguistic relations</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> in the discourse of business letters. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">5. Analysis and findings<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.1. Noun use and types in the discourse of a letter of complaint<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Noun phrases can function as subject, object and subject or object complements. The respondents use noun phrases as components like adjectives, adverbs, adjectival and adverbial phrases or clauses, prepositional phrases or parts of these components (Gnanaseelan, 2017). This study derives its data from one-worded NPs to ten-worded NPs used by the respondents. Table 1 illustrates them with the percentage. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Table 1. One worded NPs to 10 worded NPs <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 12.7pt;" valign="top" width="17">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 67.45pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Type of NP: quantitative<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 57.9pt;" valign="top" width="77">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Number of words in NP<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.45pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Percentage<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 258.4pt;" valign="top" width="345">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Examples<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 12.7pt;" valign="top" width="17">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 67.45pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">One worded NP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 57.9pt;" valign="top" width="77">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">125<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.45pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">27<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 258.4pt;" valign="top" width="345">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">action,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">announcement,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">arrangements,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">banking,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">benefit,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">company,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">computer,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">employees,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">examination,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">generators,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">hospitals,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">inconvenience,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 12.7pt;" valign="top" width="17">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 67.45pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Two worded NP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 57.9pt;" valign="top" width="77">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">153<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.45pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">33<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 258.4pt;" valign="top" width="345">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">businessmen,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">drinking water,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">early warning,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">factory owners,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">good facilities,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">huge loss,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">main reason,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 12.7pt;" valign="top" width="17">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 67.45pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Three worded NP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 57.9pt;" valign="top" width="77">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">85<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.45pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">18<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 258.4pt;" valign="top" width="345">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a favorable solution,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a big problem,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Advanced Level students,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">every branch manager,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">most of the customers,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 12.7pt;" valign="top" width="17">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 67.45pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Four worded NP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 57.9pt;" valign="top" width="77">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">48<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.45pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 258.4pt;" valign="top" width="345">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a villager of the area,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">any substitute for electricity,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">consideration about that problem,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">delay in our work,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">educational activities of children,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 12.7pt;" valign="top" width="17">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 67.45pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Five worded NP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 57.9pt;" valign="top" width="77">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">26<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.45pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 258.4pt;" valign="top" width="345">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">all of the company's works,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">all the parents and children,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">labor of maintaining current life,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">loudspeakers and vans for announcing,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 12.7pt;" valign="top" width="17">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 67.45pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Six worded NP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 57.9pt;" valign="top" width="77">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.45pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 258.4pt;" valign="top" width="345">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">big trees near the current line,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">some arrangements for power cut period,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 12.7pt;" valign="top" width="17">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 67.45pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Seven worded NP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 57.9pt;" valign="top" width="77">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">08<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.45pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 258.4pt;" valign="top" width="345">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">high marks in the advanced level exam,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">providing light bill service and repairing damages,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 12.7pt;" valign="top" width="17">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 67.45pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Eight worded NP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 57.9pt;" valign="top" width="77">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">06<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.45pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 258.4pt;" valign="top" width="345">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">lot of problems in unstable arrangements of power,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">our business work, and school children education work, people who live in the Colombo 4 area,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 12.7pt;" valign="top" width="17">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">9<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 67.45pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Nine worded NP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 57.9pt;" valign="top" width="77">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">03<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.45pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 258.4pt;" valign="top" width="345">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the consumer of Colombo 7 areas of your company,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the electrical items we use such as refrigerator, television, power cut by the different time of different days<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 12.7pt;" valign="top" width="17">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 67.45pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ten worded NP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 57.9pt;" valign="top" width="77">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">01<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.45pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">0.2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 258.4pt;" valign="top" width="345">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">wholesalers, retailers, industries, factories, officers, banks and daily users<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 12.7pt;" valign="top" width="17">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 67.45pt;" valign="top" width="90">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 57.9pt;" valign="top" width="77">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">465<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.45pt;" valign="top" width="85">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">100%<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 258.4pt;" valign="top" width="345">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Source: Primary Data<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Out of the one-worded NPs, 73% (91) is concrete, and only 27% (34) is abstract. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Flavell (1970) defines concrete noun concerning its denotation to tangible objects and abstract noun to non-tangible objects in its extension. This balance of presentation of the concrete and abstract nouns is natural as it is a letter of business communication complaining about a concrete event. However, the respondents have developed the competence to relate the concrete experience to abstract ideas. In one of the previous studies on the multi-worded NPs, the use of the single word NP was 63% (Sampson, 1987) but in this study, it is 27%. It is significant to note that the respondents have used the two-worded NPs at the largest (33%). Even the one-worded NP is next to it (27%). However, both together become the majority of the NPs (60%) used in the whole exercise. The three-worded and four-worded NPs show the next highest level of use (28%). After that, even though the usage becomes insignificant from the five to ten, there is a positive observation that the respondents have tried to create larger NPs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">On the other hand, academic or professional writing demands the use of lesser complex, simple NPs for clarity, conciseness, and preciseness. Overall, the table 1 provides the evidence of linearity, reliability, natural progress and increase from simple to complex forms in use. The lemmatization of the multiword NPs used by the respondents gives some insights into their way of construction of the NPs. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Though table 1 shows the quantitative account of the NPs, it does not explain the qualitative account of the types of the NPs developed by the respondents, and it has examples for each NP type from one to ten. The respondents developed 465 NP expressions. T</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">he total number of the NP expressions with different content words used correctly is 298 (65%). However, there are 90 expressions linguistically wrong and deviant (19%). The rest of the 77 expressions (17%) were more or less duplication of the question given to the respondents for writing the letter of complaint.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The respondents developed 59 types of NPs qualitatively. They all are different from each other structurally and sequentially. Table 2 shows the first seven patterns of the types.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Table 2. </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The first seven patterns of the NP types.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 498px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: .25in; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.75pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Type<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.75pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">1<sup>st</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">2<sup>nd</sup><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">3<sup>rd</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.75in;" valign="top" width="264">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Examples <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">46%<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19.35pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 19.35pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.75pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 19.35pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.75pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Det<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 19.35pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 19.35pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 19.35pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.75in;" valign="top" width="264">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">those things, no action <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 19.35pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">15%<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.75pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.75pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pron<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.75in;" valign="top" width="264">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">our bills,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">their clothes, <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">12%<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.75pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.75pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Art<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.75in;" valign="top" width="264">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">a call,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">a solution, the darkness <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 22.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">9%<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: .25in; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.75pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">4<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.75pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.75in;" valign="top" width="264">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">big problems, difficult situation <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">6%<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 13.95pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 13.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.75pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">5<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 13.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.75pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Art<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 13.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 13.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 13.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.75in;" valign="top" width="264">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">a big problem,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">this severe problem <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 13.95pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">5%<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 17.55pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.75pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">6<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 17.55pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.75pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 17.55pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 17.55pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 17.55pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.75in;" valign="top" width="264">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">businessmen,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">electricity service, <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 17.55pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">5%<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: .25in; mso-yfti-irow: 7; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.75pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">7<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.75pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Art<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.75in;" valign="top" width="264">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">the village people,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">the electricity facility, <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">4%<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Source: Primary Data<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">The first seven patterns were the most dominant (46%) in use. The percentage of the created NPs show a decreasing trend as the quality of the type is an increasing one. On the ascending order from the simple phrases to the complex ones, these seven types are simple and easy to form by the second language learners and users. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">The determiner, pronoun, article, and adjective, single-worded, pre-modify the single-worded nouns in the first four respectively forming the two-worded NPs. Type 5 is a next significant development consisting of three single words: both the article and adjective in a sequence pre-modify the noun. This creation shows the competence developed for beginning to write complex phrases where they have to write two modifiers in order of sequence acceptable to the morpho-syntactics and semantics of the English language. Besides, there is the proficiency in the use of adjectival phrase [article/determiner + adjective] as the pre-modifier of the noun head. However, the type 6 is distinct from all the other types. It has two single-worded nouns the former pre-modifying the latter. At this stage, they learn that a noun can function as an adjective or a pre-modifier. Type 7 demands their application knowledge of fronting an article to qualify the following first pre-modifying noun or both the pre-modifying noun and the pre-modified head noun of the NP together. There is the proficiency in the use of adjectival phrase [article/determiner + noun] as the pre-modifier of the noun head. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Table 3 describes the types of the NPs from 8 to 15. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 505px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: .25in; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Type<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">1<sup>st</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">2<sup>nd</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">3<sup>rd</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.5in;" valign="top" width="240">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Examples – 23%<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: .25in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">23%<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19.8pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 19.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">8<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 19.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 19.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 19.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 19.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.5in;" valign="top" width="240">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">attention to our problems, resident of Kollannawa area, loss of the light,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="3" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 19.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 18.45pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 18.45pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">9<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 18.45pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pron<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 18.45pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 18.45pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 18.45pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.5in;" valign="top" width="240">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">most of the children,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">some of our families,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 18.45pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 18.45pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">10<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 18.45pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Det<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 18.45pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 18.45pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">PP</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 18.45pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.5in;" valign="top" width="240">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">any plan about power cut,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">this news for you,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 27.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">11<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 27.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 27.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 27.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 27.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.5in;" valign="top" width="240">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">big trees near the current line,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">educational activities of children,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 27.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 27.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">12<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 27.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Art<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 27.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 27.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 27.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.5in;" valign="top" width="240">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">the people of our area,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">a villager of the area,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">13<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pron<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Det/Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.5in;" valign="top" width="240">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">our basic job,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> our many foods,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="3" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">14<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pron<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.5in;" valign="top" width="240">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">our area people, their self-employment task,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">15<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Adv<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Det/Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.5in;" valign="top" width="240">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">very difficult problem,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">so many difficulties,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Source: Primary Data<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Type 8 requires knowledge of applying post-modification. Also, the post-modifier is a new linguistic component, prepositional phrase. It expects the next level of linguistic awareness of the increasingly complex structure of the noun phrase in the English language. Instead of using a PP consisting preposition plus single worded Noun, for example, ‘<i>of Kollannawa</i>,' the respondents have used the two-worded NPs mostly, here, ‘</span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">of Kollannawa area.’</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Type 9 uses a pronoun as the head of the NP post-modified by a prepositional phrase. Again a PP consisting of a preposition plus two worded NPs is used. The type 10 similar to the type 8 has an additional determiner as pre-modifier. On the other hand, these three types have only 12% of the total number of all the 59 types. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">The types 11and 12 (5%) are further extended in complexity having both the pre- and post-modifiers: an adjective or an article as the pre-modifiers and a prepositional phrase as the post-modifier. However, the percentage of its use is less at this stage. The types 13, 14 and 15 (6%) lack complexity considerably containing a pronoun and a determiner or an adjective in a sequence or a pronoun and a noun in a sequence or an adverb and a determiner or an adjective in a sequence as the pre-modifiers to the last unit, Noun, the head of the NP. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Table 4 explains the extended versions of the Complex NPs used. The proficiency in the use of adjectival phrases [noun + noun], [adjective + noun], [determiner + noun], and [determiner + adjective] as the pre-modifiers of the noun head is seen. The type 16 a triple Noun formation of the NP is normally rare in use. The first two nouns are pre-modifiers to the third noun, the head of the NP. The mother tongues of the students, Tamil and Sinhala, could play a role here to form NPs like these. The ten types given in Table 4 accounts for 10% of the total use. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">The Table 4 The extended versions of the Complex NPs used 1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 463px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 16.65pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 16.65pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Type<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 16.65pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.25pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">1<sup>st</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 16.65pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">2<sup>nd</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 16.65pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">3<sup>rd</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 16.65pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 189.0pt;" valign="top" width="252">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Examples - </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10%</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">16<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.25pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 189.0pt;" valign="top" width="252">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">year-end examination,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Rambaikulam area people,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">17<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.25pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 189.0pt;" valign="top" width="252">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">continuous power supply,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">electric grinder company,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">18<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.25pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 189.0pt;" valign="top" width="252">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">every branch manager,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">some error connection,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">19<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.25pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 189.0pt;" valign="top" width="252">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">lot of inconveniences of electricity power supply,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">lot of problems in day to day life,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">20<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.25pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">gerund<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 189.0pt;" valign="top" width="252">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">banking,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">fishing,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">21<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.25pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pr PCL<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 189.0pt;" valign="top" width="252">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Drinking water, working people,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">22<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.25pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Num<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 189.0pt;" valign="top" width="252">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">eight banks,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">fifteen computers,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">23<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.25pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pron<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 189.0pt;" valign="top" width="252">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">our problem in your mind,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">your attention to this cause,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">24<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.25pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">D<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .5in;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 189.0pt;" valign="top" width="252">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">some illegal event,</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">some small factories,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Source: Primary Data<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Type 17 contains an adjective to join the noun as pre-modifiers to the last noun. Type 18 is an extended version of type 01 (see Table 2). With the determiner, a noun joins as pre-modifiers to the last noun. The type 19 is unique because of its embedded double prepositional phrases as the postmodifier of the fronted Noun. Another often used expression is the gerund (the type 20). Type 21 needs a clear understanding of the use of the present participle as a gerund and as an adjective. The type 22 is also a simple NP as the first four types in Table 2 requiring a number as the pre-modifier or qualifier. Type 23 needs a pronoun as the pre-modifier and a prepositional phrase as the postmodifier. It is an extended version of type 9 where the head of the NP becomes a noun causing the pronoun as a qualifier unlike that in type 9 where the pronoun is the head. Type 24 belongs to the group of the types 13 and 15. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Table 5 displays three types of complex NPs. There is the proficiency in the use of adjectival phrase [article/determiner + past participle] and [determiner + adjective + noun] as the pre-modifiers of the noun head. In type 25, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">the newly introduced pre-modifier is the past participle which is always preceded by an article or a determiner. In type 26</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, a four worded NP, a sequence of determiner-adjective-noun pre-modifies the last noun. The type 27, again, a simple NP structure, in which, conjunction joins two nouns. However, the use is minimal (2%).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Table 5. The Extended Versions of the Complex NPs Used 2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 511px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Type<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.25pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">1<sup>st</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="top" width="56">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">2<sup>nd</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.7pt;" valign="top" width="40">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">3<sup>rd</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">4<sup>th</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 193.5pt;" valign="top" width="258">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Examples – 2%<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">25<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.25pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Art/Det<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="top" width="56">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pst Pcl<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.7pt;" valign="top" width="40">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">(N)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 193.5pt;" valign="top" width="258">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">these unexpected power cuts, the Advanced Level<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">26<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.25pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="top" width="56">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.7pt;" valign="top" width="40">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 193.5pt;" valign="top" width="258">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">some small business owners,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">any sudden power cut,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">27<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.25pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.3pt;" valign="top" width="56">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Con<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.7pt;" valign="top" width="40">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42"></td>
<td style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 193.5pt;" valign="top" width="258">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">fluctuation and cuts,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ice-cream and other foods,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Source: Primary Data</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Table 5 continues the four worded NP structure in all its 16 types from 28 to 43. The types </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">28, 29, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">30, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">35, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">39, and 43 mostly contain nouns as pre-modifiers. The types 31 and 32 and t</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">he types </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">44 and 47 in Table 6 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">do have articles, adjectives, nouns and numbers as pre-modifiers and prepositional phrases as post-modifiers. The type 33 and 48 in Table 6 are different as they have apostrophes to include possessive nouns as pre-modifiers. Type 34 has numerals as pre-modifiers. Type 36 constitutes a nominal clause as the post-modifier along with other usual forms as the pre-modifiers. The use of this type of clause shows fluency in the use of the NPs in the English language. The types 37 and 40 have embedded doubled or tripled prepositional phrase as the post-modifiers. Type 38 reveals another evidence of mastery in the use of NP as it has a past participle along with an article and a noun as a sequence to pre-modify the last noun. However, this study cannot confirm as this particular past participle form is so popular because it is part of the Sri Lankan education level called the Advanced level so the respondents might have used it without understanding the function of the past participle used as a modifier or a qualifier in NPs. The types 41 and 42 do not have anything new in their structure except the extension. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Table 5 The Extended Versions of the Complex NPs Used 3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 446px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Type<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">1<sup>st</sup><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">2<sup>nd</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">3<sup>rd</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">4<sup>th</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Examples – 5%<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">28<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">con<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">children and office workers,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">29<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">night time power cut,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">30<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">electric power supply problem<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">31<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Art</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">an appropriate solution for this problem,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">32<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">electricity power cut in the area<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">33<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">pron<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">s’<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">our children's education,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">34<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">num<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">con<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">num<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">two or three weeks,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">35<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Art<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">the light house objective,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">36<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Art<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">NomC<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">the electrical items we use such as refrigerator, television,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 20.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 20.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">37<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 20.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Art<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 20.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 20.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 20.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 20.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">the consumer of Colombo 7 areas of your company,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">38<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Art<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pst pcl<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">the advanced level examination,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 12;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">39<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">electricity power cut in the area<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 13;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">40<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">lot of problems in unstable arrangements of power,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 14;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">41<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">con<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">loudspeakers and vans for announcing,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 15;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">42<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">con<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">my customers and I,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 16; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">43<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">pron<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 153.3pt;" valign="top" width="204">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">our lifetime activities,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Source: Primary Data</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Table 6 contains new types of NPs which are more or less simple except the types </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">46 and 53. The former includes a present participle form fronted with an adverb pre-modifies the last noun. The latter has a relative clause as the post-modifier. Type 45 is an indefinite pronoun used as an NP. The type 49, 50 and 51are re-ordered structures of the already used NPs explained in the previous Tables. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Table 6 The Extended Versions of the Complex NPs Used 4<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 452px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Type<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">1<sup>st</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">2<sup>nd</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">3<sup>rd</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 193.8pt;" valign="top" width="258">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Examples – 3%<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">44<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 193.8pt;" valign="top" width="258">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">power cut of electricity,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">45<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pron<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54"></td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 193.8pt;" valign="top" width="258">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">anything<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">46<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">adv<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">PrePcl<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 193.8pt;" valign="top" width="258">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">very exciting time,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">47<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Num<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 193.8pt;" valign="top" width="258">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">two hours per day,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">48<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">s’<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 193.8pt;" valign="top" width="258">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Thieves’ activities,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">49<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">D<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Num<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 193.8pt;" valign="top" width="258">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">these three months,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">50<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">D<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pron<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 193.8pt;" valign="top" width="258">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">many other issues,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">51<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Num<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 193.8pt;" valign="top" width="258">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">one important matter,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">52<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pron<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 193.8pt;" valign="top" width="258">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">our area electricity problem, <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.15pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">53<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.25pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">RelCl<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36"></td>
<td style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 193.8pt;" valign="top" width="258">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">people who live in the Colombo 4 area,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Source: Primary Data<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Table 7 contains the five worded NPs. All the types except 58 have a conjunction to join two NPs into one lengthy complex NP. The type </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">54 is unique in which two present participle forms perform pre-modification. Type 58 has a past participle form as a pre-modifier along with other forms. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Table 7 The Extended Versions of the Complex NPs Used 5<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 451px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.9pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Type<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">1<sup>st</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">2<sup>nd</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.0pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">3<sup>rd</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">4<sup>th</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">5<sup>th</sup> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.5in;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Examples – 2%<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.9pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">54<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">PrePcl<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Ns<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.0pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">con<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">PrePcl<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.5in;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">providing light bill service and repairing damages,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.9pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">55<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pron<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.0pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">con<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Ns<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.5in;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">our business work and school children education work, <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.9pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">56<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Art<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.0pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">con<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.5in;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">the industries and household works,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.9pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">57<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Art<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.0pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">con<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.5in;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">the proper or sharp electric power<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.9pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">58<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">D<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.0pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pst Pcl<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #7F7F7F 1.0pt; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid #7F7F7F .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.5in;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">this year advanced level students,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.9pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">59<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.5pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 45.0pt;" valign="top" width="60">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">con<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Det/Adj<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">N<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="height: 15.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.5in;" valign="top" width="144">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">ice creams and other foods,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Source: Primary Data</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Table 8 shows the percentage of the popular forms used as the first form of the NPs. Though these forms occur within the complex NPs repeatedly or within an NP repeatedly, this finding reveals that the Sri Lankan students use the articles (19%) and determiners (23%) dominantly in a formal letter of communication. Next, they prefer personal pronouns (15%) because the letter is a genre which needs personalization. However, it is notable that they have used </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">other forms of determiner, adjective, noun, and pronoun (38%) which may be or may not be unique to the population it represents. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Table 8 the popular forms used as the first form of the NPs<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.9pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">SN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 238.5pt;" valign="top" width="318">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The first word of the NPs<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 76.5pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">% (465)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.9pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 238.5pt;" valign="top" width="318">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">the indefinite article, ‘<i>a or an’</i> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 76.5pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.9pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 238.5pt;" valign="top" width="318">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">the definite article, ‘<i>the</i>’<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 76.5pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">14<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.9pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 238.5pt;" valign="top" width="318">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">more</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> <i>most</i> <i>that</i> many, any, every, one, these, this, those, some as determiners and pronouns<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 76.5pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">23<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.9pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">9<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 238.5pt;" valign="top" width="318">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">my, our, their, your <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 76.5pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">15<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.9pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">4<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 238.5pt;" valign="top" width="318">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">lot</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> as noun, pronoun <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 76.5pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.9pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">5<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 238.5pt;" valign="top" width="318">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">very</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> as adverb and adjective<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 76.5pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.9pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">6<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 238.5pt;" valign="top" width="318">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">other forms of determiner, adjective, noun, pronoun, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 76.5pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">38<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Source: Primary Data</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The Examples for the Sri Lankan localization of the NPs in use<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">In creating and using the NPs in the letter writing, the students produced some NPs which are typical of Sri Lankanization and localization. Some may be acceptable in informal use, and some are deviant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 462.25pt;" valign="top" width="616">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Table 9. The Examples for the Sri Lankan localization of the NPs in use<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 462.25pt;" valign="top" width="616">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Nouns as adjectives and modifiers<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Morning food arrangement (N+N+N)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">night student lessons (N+N+N)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Please give <i>consisten(t)cy electricity power supply in this area</i>. (N+N+N+N+PP)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Nouns as Verbs<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Please <i>concern</i> this letter<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Verb as Noun<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">So it take huge <i>lost</i> to me<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Semantic (mis)understanding and redundancy <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Some <i>office organization</i> (are) mostly depend on the electronic method such hospital, banking, etc. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">We all are expect <i>the proper or sharp electrical power</i> to do our casual work<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Women also cannot do <i>the home service</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Some time <i>higher power electricity</i> was come and destroyed our electricity equipments<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Clause Structure within NPs<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The people who do (ing) their self employment work face lot of problems</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">. (06) (Art+N+RelCl/-ingCl)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">In the Jeyasegara mawatha, there are <i>(a) lot of trees damaging the electricity wires</i>.(Art+ProN+PP(+-ingCl)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">NP as a sentence<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The school children facing lot of problems for the education.</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> (08) (Art+N+N+-ingCl(+PP)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Someone unable to do their small industrial activities. (ProN+AdjCl)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> ‘to' infinitive vs. ‘to' preposition <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">I like to explain (complain) (about the) power supply (cut) in our area. NP=PP<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Informal word choice<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">I hope you will discus and fulfill our needs with <i>the power board</i>. (13)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">We need <i>current</i>; I think main reason is labors of maintaining <i>current light</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Majority people have to do <i>their self-employment task</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Power cut by <i>different different time of different different days</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">We can’t do <i>our business work</i> <i>and school children education work</i> properly<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">when the power cut held on days the criminal cases like <i>stealing robbery</i> are increasing in this area<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Power cut (is) distorted <i>our all work activity</i> (61)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Night time power cut</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> affect(s) <i>the light house objective</i> so we can’t arrive in our port place.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">I am doing <i>a food shop in Vavuniya town</i> (67)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Our many foods</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> spoiled<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">You can use <i>loud speaker and vans for announcing</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Number Agreement<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Every people are</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> going working. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">That is one <i>of the reason(s)</i> (for) to (the) power cut. (N+PP(+PP) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">NP as PP<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">I should be glad if you would give (bring) <i>this matter (to) your consideration</i> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">I kindly request please give (the) right solution <i>(for/to) this problem</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The omission of ‘the’ in NP<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Please pay (the) attention about this situation. </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">(02) (Art+N+PP)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Wingdings 2"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Wingdings 2"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Wingdings 2";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">I am writing (the) letter regarding (the) power supply in an area</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Source: Primary Data</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Thematization of the NPs<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">The discourse of a letter of complaint in business communication generally contains </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">problem –solution, communication, customer/consumer, trade, commerce and development, cause and effect, and time and duration</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> as the major themes. The minor themes consist of <i>person and position, general and indefinite, location and place, positive ideas and action, organic objects, and mechanical objects</i>. The minor themes buttress the major themes. The percentage of the expressions used for each aspect of the discourse of complaint is considered balanced. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Table 10. Themes of the NPs Used<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center">
<table align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 6.75pt; margin-right: 6.75pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-table-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-table-left: center; mso-table-lspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-overlap: never; mso-table-rspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-top: .05pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 15.7pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.7pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.55pt;" valign="top" width="39">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">SN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.7pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Themes<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.7pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">% <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.7pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 267.4pt;" valign="top" width="357">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Examples<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 37.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 37.55pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.55pt;" valign="top" width="39">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 37.55pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">problem -solution<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 37.55pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">21<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 37.55pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 267.4pt;" valign="top" width="357">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">an appropriate solution for these problems, labor of maintaining current life, so many difficulties, suitable decision about this<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 21.8pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 21.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.55pt;" valign="top" width="39">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 21.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">communication<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 21.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 21.8pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 267.4pt;" valign="top" width="357">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">a call, letter of complaint about power cut, announcement, apology<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.55pt;" valign="top" width="39">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">customer/consumer<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 267.4pt;" valign="top" width="357">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">any substitute for electricity, continuous power supply, fluctuation and cuts, your electricity service, most of the customers, the consumer of Ceylon electricity<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 27.85pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.55pt;" valign="top" width="39">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">4<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">trade, commerce, and development<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 27.85pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 267.4pt;" valign="top" width="357">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Companies, educational activities of children, restaurants, our business, an internet café,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.55pt;" valign="top" width="39">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">5<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">cause and effect</span></i><b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 267.4pt;" valign="top" width="357">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">inconvenience, a good effect, an action, delay in our work, high marks in the A/L exam, benefits for both parties,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.55pt;" valign="top" width="39">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">6<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">time and duration<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 267.4pt;" valign="top" width="357">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">a long year, future, hours, early morning,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.55pt;" valign="top" width="39">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">7<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">location and place<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 267.4pt;" valign="top" width="357">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">a rural area, district, home, Kollanwa area, our country, hospitals,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.55pt;" valign="top" width="39">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">8<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">person and position<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">17<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 267.4pt;" valign="top" width="357">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">businessmen, school students, branch manager, job, their home works, the industries and household works,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.55pt;" valign="top" width="39">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">9<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">general and indefinite<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 267.4pt;" valign="top" width="357">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">concerns, matter, day to day life in the area, many other issues, anything<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.55pt;" valign="top" width="39">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">organic objects<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 267.4pt;" valign="top" width="357">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">big trees near the current line, drinking water, ice creams and other foods,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.55pt;" valign="top" width="39">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">11<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">mechanical objects<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 267.4pt;" valign="top" width="357">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">generators, loudspeakers, and vans for announcing,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 12; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 29.55pt;" valign="top" width="39">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">12<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 101.85pt;" valign="top" width="136">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">positive ideas and action<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 31.5pt;" valign="top" width="42">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: 15.25pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 267.4pt;" valign="top" width="357">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: center; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">hope, immediate decision, kind consideration, consideration, my request, our request,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.4. The Quantity of the nouns used<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Table 11 shows a case study of the texts of seven students. There is uniformity between the increase of marks in both the total test and the essay and that of the number of words used. There is a balance in using prepositional phrases in par with noun phrases (around 10-15 in number) (Gnanaseelan, 2017). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Table 11. The SOC Positions of the NPs used<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 4.75pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 533px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 43.5pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 43.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Code<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 43.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.0pt;" width="105">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Marks for<br />the letter<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 43.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 53.0pt;" width="71">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Words<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 43.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Subject Position<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 43.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Object Position<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 43.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 69.85pt;" width="93">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Complement Position<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 43.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" width="64"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">83<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="105">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 53.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="71">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">70<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 69.85pt;" valign="top" width="93">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">31<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="105">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 53.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="71">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">84<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 69.85pt;" valign="top" width="93">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="105">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 53.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="71">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">96<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 69.85pt;" valign="top" width="93">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">18<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="105">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 53.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="71">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">110<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 69.85pt;" valign="top" width="93">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">41<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="105">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 53.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="71">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">122<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 69.85pt;" valign="top" width="93">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">37<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="105">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 53.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="71">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">116<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 69.85pt;" valign="top" width="93">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">79<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="105">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 53.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="71">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">148<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 69.85pt;" valign="top" width="93">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 15.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Average<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="105">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 53.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="71">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">70-150<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 51.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="68">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 69.85pt;" valign="top" width="93">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: .5pt solid windowtext; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-between: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0in none windowtext; mso-padding-between: 1.0pt; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0in; mso-padding-top-alt: 0in; padding-bottom: 1.0pt; padding-top: 1.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="64"></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(Total: the total marks of the complete test (3 hours testing all the four skills plus grammar); the letter: the scores given for the letter out of 10 scores; words: the number of words in the letter; Av: the average) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Source: Primary Data<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The investigation of the seven scripts reveals that there is a balance in using NPs as subject and object positions. However, the respondents have rarely used NPs in Complementary positions. They have seldom used the sentence patterns with complements: SVC and SVOC. It is significant to see that those who have got the average marks (04 or 05 out of 10) have used the NPs in subject and object positions mostly.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">6. Findings <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The findings reveal that the respondents are skillful enough to use noun phrases as subject, object and subject or object complements at the moderate level, but linguistically they lack the competence to distinguish the different functions of them. They moderately use noun phrase in adjectives, adverbs, adjectival and adverbial phrases or clauses, prepositional phrases or parts of these components. They use multi-word NPs significantly in par with that of one-worded NPs.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">However, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">the usage becomes insignificant beyond five-worded NPs, and there is a positive observation that the respondents have tried to create larger NPs, but it is unintentional. On the other hand, the study expects that the quantity should balance the quality and diversity of the NPs. Academic or professional writing demands the use of lesser complex, simple NPs for clarity, conciseness, and preciseness. However, the students should be aware and capable of developing complex NPs where necessary in writing at the tertiary level. The respondents show the evidence of linearity, reliability, natural progress and increase from simple to complex forms in use. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The respondents lack sufficient competence in developing or using abstract entities as NPs. That is an expected proficiency level in the undergraduate education in English medium. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">However, the respondents have developed the competence to relate the concrete experience to abstract ideas considerably. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This research primarily gives the quantitative account of the NPs and describes the qualitative nature of the types of the NPs developed by the respondents with the examples. The respondents developed 59 types of NPs. They all are different from each other qualitatively, quantitatively, structurally and sequentially. The first seven patterns are the most dominant to have been used. The percentage of the created NPs show a decreasing trend as the quality of the type is an increasing one. On the ascending order from the simple phrases to the complex ones, these seven types are simple and easy to form by the second language learners and users. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Following the use of a single word NP, an NP in which conjunction joins two nouns. After that the pre-modification takes place. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">The determiner, pronoun, article, and adjective, single or double-worded, pre-modify the nouns acceptable to the morpho-syntactics and semantics of the English language. A number functions as the pre-modifier. Besides, there is the proficiency in the use of adjectival phrase [article/determiner + adjective or noun + noun] as the pre-modifier of the noun head. It confirms their skill in using a noun or nouns functioning as an adjectival phrase or a pre-modifier.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Their application knowledge, of fronting an article to qualify the following first pre-modifying noun or both the pre-modifying noun and the pre-modified head noun of the NP together, is visible. There is the proficiency in the use of adjectival phrase [article/determiner + noun] as the pre-modifier of the noun head. They develop the pre-modifier of [pron+ det or adj] or [ pron + noun] or [adv+ det or adj] to the last unit, Noun, the head of the NP at the next level of competence and performance (6%). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Noun <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"> <v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" id="Group_x0020_60" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"> <v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" id="Group_x0020_59" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"> <v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_1" o:spid="_x0000_s1028" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321869; left: 1243584; position: absolute; top: 746150; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950976;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect><v:shapetype adj="16200,5400" coordsize="21600,21600" id="_x0000_t13" o:spt="13" path="m@0,l@0@1,0@1,0@2@0@2@0,21600,21600,10800xe"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="val #0"> <v:f eqn="val #1"> <v:f eqn="sum height 0 #1"> <v:f eqn="sum 10800 0 #1"> <v:f eqn="sum width 0 #0"> <v:f eqn="prod @4 @3 10800"> <v:f eqn="sum width 0 @5"> </v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:formulas> <v:path o:connectangles="270,180,90,0" o:connectlocs="@0,0;0,10800;@0,21600;21600,10800" o:connecttype="custom" textboxrect="0,@1,@6,@2"> <v:handles> <v:h position="#0,#1" xrange="0,21600" yrange="0,10800"> </v:h></v:handles> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shapetype></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Stage - 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:shape adj="15882" filled="f" id="Arrow_x003a__x0020_Right_x0020_5" o:spid="_x0000_s1029" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 518795; left: 7315; position: absolute; top: 651053; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 979805;" type="#_x0000_t13"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Stage - 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:shape adj="16012" filled="f" id="Arrow_x003a__x0020_Right_x0020_6" o:spid="_x0000_s1030" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 548640; left: 14631; position: absolute; top: 1338681; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 1060450;" type="#_x0000_t13"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Noun <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_7" o:spid="_x0000_s1031" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 1258215; position: absolute; top: 1389888; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Noun <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_8" o:spid="_x0000_s1032" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 3438144; position: absolute; top: 1367942; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect><v:shapetype coordsize="21600,21600" id="_x0000_t110" o:spt="110" path="m10800,l,10800,10800,21600,21600,10800xe"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect" textboxrect="5400,5400,16200,16200"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shapetype></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">And<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:shape filled="f" id="Flowchart_x003a__x0020_Decision_x0020_12" o:spid="_x0000_s1033" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 487045; left: 2370125; position: absolute; top: 1287475; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 878205;" type="#_x0000_t110"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Stage - 4Stage - 9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" id="Group_x0020_55" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"> <v:shape adj="16012" filled="f" id="Arrow_x003a__x0020_Right_x0020_9" o:spid="_x0000_s1035" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 548640; left: 11875; position: absolute; top: 665018; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 1060450;" type="#_x0000_t13"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">noun (pre-m)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_10" o:spid="_x0000_s1036" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 1306286; position: absolute; top: 771896; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Genitive FormPost-M: (prepositional phrase)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_11" o:spid="_x0000_s1037" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 2505694; position: absolute; top: 748145; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 2101850;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Stage - 3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:shape adj="16012" filled="f" id="Arrow_x003a__x0020_Right_x0020_13" o:spid="_x0000_s1038" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 548640; position: absolute; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 1060450;" type="#_x0000_t13"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Determiner: </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: 115%;">article, number, demonstrative, pronoun</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_14" o:spid="_x0000_s1039" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 1270660; position: absolute; top: 118753; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 3324860;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Head Noun <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_15" o:spid="_x0000_s1040" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 5106390; position: absolute; top: 59376; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Head Noun Head Noun <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_17" o:spid="_x0000_s1041" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 5130140; position: absolute; top: 760020; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Stage - 5Stage - 10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:shape adj="16012" filled="f" id="Arrow_x003a__x0020_Right_x0020_18" o:spid="_x0000_s1042" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 548640; left: 11875; position: absolute; top: 1294410; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 1060450;" type="#_x0000_t13"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Determiner<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">(pre-m)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_19" o:spid="_x0000_s1043" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 1318161; position: absolute; top: 1389413; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pre-M: AdjectivePost-M: (prepositional phrase)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_20" o:spid="_x0000_s1044" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 2505694; position: absolute; top: 1365662; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 2125345;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Head Noun Head Noun <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_21" o:spid="_x0000_s1045" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 5189517; position: absolute; top: 1413163; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Stage - 6Stage - 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:shape adj="16012" filled="f" id="Arrow_x003a__x0020_Right_x0020_26" o:spid="_x0000_s1046" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 548640; left: 23751; position: absolute; top: 1900052; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 1060450;" type="#_x0000_t13"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Determiner<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">(pre-m)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_27" o:spid="_x0000_s1047" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 1318161; position: absolute; top: 2006929; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pre-M: Participles</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> resent and <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> past participlesPost-M: clause types and <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> past participles<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_28" o:spid="_x0000_s1048" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 2541320; position: absolute; top: 2006929; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 2089785;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Head Noun Head Noun <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_29" o:spid="_x0000_s1049" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 5201392; position: absolute; top: 2030680; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Stage - 7Stage - 12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:shape adj="16012" filled="f" id="Arrow_x003a__x0020_Right_x0020_30" o:spid="_x0000_s1050" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 548640; left: 23751; position: absolute; top: 2517568; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 1060450;" type="#_x0000_t13"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Determiner<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">(pre-m)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_31" o:spid="_x0000_s1051" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 1330036; position: absolute; top: 2624446; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pre-M: NounsPost-M: clause types </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">and <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_32" o:spid="_x0000_s1052" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 2541320; position: absolute; top: 2612571; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 2137410;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Head Noun Head Noun <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_33" o:spid="_x0000_s1053" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 5142016; position: absolute; top: 2576945; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Stage - 8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:shape adj="16012" filled="f" id="Arrow_x003a__x0020_Right_x0020_34" o:spid="_x0000_s1054" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 548640; left: 11875; position: absolute; top: 3146961; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 1060450;" type="#_x0000_t13"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Determiner<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_35" o:spid="_x0000_s1055" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 1306286; position: absolute; top: 3206337; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Pre-M: Adverb-Adjective/ParticiplesPost-M: clause types </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">and <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_36" o:spid="_x0000_s1056" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 2487641; position: absolute; top: 3194462; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 2291938;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Head Noun Head Noun <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:group coordsize="6151987,3695601" o:spid="_x0000_s1034" style="height: 3695601; position: absolute; top: 2187245; width: 6151987;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_37" o:spid="_x0000_s1057" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 5142016; position: absolute; top: 3206337; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_38" o:spid="_x0000_s1058" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 4797631; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 106878; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_39" o:spid="_x0000_s1059" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 2268187; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 795646; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_40" o:spid="_x0000_s1060" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 4809507; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 795646; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_41" o:spid="_x0000_s1061" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 4821382; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 2066306; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_42" o:spid="_x0000_s1062" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 4845133; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 1448789; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_43" o:spid="_x0000_s1063" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 2268187; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 1413163; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_44" o:spid="_x0000_s1064" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 2268187; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 2030680; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_45" o:spid="_x0000_s1065" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 4797631; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 2624446; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_46" o:spid="_x0000_s1066" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 2268187; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 2648197; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_47" o:spid="_x0000_s1067" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 4785756; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 3253839; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_48" o:spid="_x0000_s1068" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 2244436; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 3241963; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape></v:group><v:shapetype coordsize="21600,21600" id="_x0000_t202" o:spt="202" path="m,l,21600r21600,l21600,xe"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shapetype></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Pre-head Modification StagesPost-head Modification Stages<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:shape id="Text_x0020_Box_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_s1069" stroked="f" style="height: 284480; left: 1038759; position: absolute; top: 1887321; visibility: visible; width: 2373630;" type="#_x0000_t202"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Preliminary Stages<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:group coordorigin=",343814" coordsize="6151987,5539032" o:spid="_x0000_s1027" style="height: 5538470; position: absolute; top: 276446; width: 6151880;"><v:shape id="Text_x0020_Box_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_s1070" stroked="f" style="height: 284480; left: 1053389; position: absolute; top: 343814; visibility: visible; width: 1360805;" type="#_x0000_t202"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The Stages of the Development Process of the NP Formation-1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="6151880,5814916" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" style="height: 457.85pt; left: 0; margin-left: -16.55pt; margin-top: -22.4pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: margin; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 484.4pt; z-index: 251658240;"><v:shape id="Text_x0020_Box_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_s1071" stroked="f" style="height: 284470; left: 988828; position: absolute; visibility: visible; width: 3944503;" type="#_x0000_t202"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape><w:wrap anchorx="margin"> </w:wrap></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Stage - 9<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" id="Group_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"> <v:shape adj="16012" filled="f" id="Arrow_x003a__x0020_Right_x0020_9" o:spid="_x0000_s1073" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 548640; position: absolute; top: 723014; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 1060450;" type="#_x0000_t13"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">(pre-m)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_10" o:spid="_x0000_s1074" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 1297172; position: absolute; top: 829339; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Post-M: (prepositional phrase)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_11" o:spid="_x0000_s1075" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 3891516; position: absolute; top: 818707; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 2019631;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Head Noun <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_17" o:spid="_x0000_s1076" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 2615609; position: absolute; top: 850604; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Stage - 10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:shape adj="16012" filled="f" id="Arrow_x003a__x0020_Right_x0020_18" o:spid="_x0000_s1077" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 548640; position: absolute; top: 1360967; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 1060450;" type="#_x0000_t13"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">(pre-m)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_19" o:spid="_x0000_s1078" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 1307804; position: absolute; top: 1446028; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Post-M: (prepositional phrase)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_20" o:spid="_x0000_s1079" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 3891516; position: absolute; top: 1435395; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 2027583;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Head Noun <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_21" o:spid="_x0000_s1080" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 2626241; position: absolute; top: 1520455; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Stage - 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:shape adj="16012" filled="f" id="Arrow_x003a__x0020_Right_x0020_26" o:spid="_x0000_s1081" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 548640; left: 10632; position: absolute; top: 1956390; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 1060450;" type="#_x0000_t13"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">(pre-m)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_27" o:spid="_x0000_s1082" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 1307804; position: absolute; top: 2062716; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Post-M: clause types </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">and <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> past participles<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_28" o:spid="_x0000_s1083" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 3912781; position: absolute; top: 2052083; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 2003729;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Head Noun <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_29" o:spid="_x0000_s1084" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 2636874; position: absolute; top: 2126511; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Stage - 12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:shape adj="16012" filled="f" id="Arrow_x003a__x0020_Right_x0020_30" o:spid="_x0000_s1085" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 548640; left: 10632; position: absolute; top: 2583711; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 1060450;" type="#_x0000_t13"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">(pre-m)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_31" o:spid="_x0000_s1086" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 1318437; position: absolute; top: 2679404; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Post-M: clause types </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">and <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_32" o:spid="_x0000_s1087" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 3891516; position: absolute; top: 2647507; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 2011680;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Head Noun <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_33" o:spid="_x0000_s1088" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 2626241; position: absolute; top: 2668772; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Post-M: clause types </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">and <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_36" o:spid="_x0000_s1089" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 3902148; position: absolute; top: 3232297; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 1971923;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Head Noun <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_37" o:spid="_x0000_s1090" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 2647507; position: absolute; top: 3211032; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_39" o:spid="_x0000_s1091" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 3615069; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 861237; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_40" o:spid="_x0000_s1092" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 2296632; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 882502; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_41" o:spid="_x0000_s1093" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 2307265; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 2158409; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_42" o:spid="_x0000_s1094" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 2328530; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 1541721; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_43" o:spid="_x0000_s1095" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 3615069; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 1477925; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_44" o:spid="_x0000_s1096" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 3615069; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 2094614; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_45" o:spid="_x0000_s1097" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 2286000; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 2711302; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_46" o:spid="_x0000_s1098" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 3615069; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 2721935; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_47" o:spid="_x0000_s1099" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 2360427; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 3253562; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Stage - 12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:shape adj="16012" filled="f" id="Arrow_x003a__x0020_Right_x0020_49" o:spid="_x0000_s1100" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 548640; position: absolute; top: 3200400; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 1060450;" type="#_x0000_t13"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">(pre-m)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:roundrect arcsize="10923f" filled="f" id="Rectangle_x003a__x0020_Rounded_x0020_Corners_x0020_50" o:spid="_x0000_s1101" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 321310; left: 1318437; position: absolute; top: 3232297; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 950595;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:stroke></v:roundrect><v:shape coordsize="243205,238760" fillcolor="#4472c4" id="Plus_x0020_Sign_x0020_52" o:spid="_x0000_s1102" path="m32237,91302r61287,l93524,31648r56157,l149681,91302r61287,l210968,147458r-61287,l149681,207112r-56157,l93524,147458r-61287,l32237,91302xe" strokecolor="#2f528f" strokeweight="1pt" style="height: 238760; left: 3625702; mso-wrap-style: square; position: absolute; top: 3306725; v-text-anchor: middle; visibility: visible; width: 243205;"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:path arrowok="t" o:connectangles="0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" o:connectlocs="32237,91302;93524,91302;93524,31648;149681,31648;149681,91302;210968,91302;210968,147458;149681,147458;149681,207112;93524,207112;93524,147458;32237,147458;32237,91302" o:connecttype="custom"> </v:path></v:stroke></v:shape></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Post-head Modification Stages<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:shape id="Text_x0020_Box_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_s1103" stroked="f" style="height: 284480; left: 1743739; position: absolute; top: 308344; visibility: visible; width: 2373630;" type="#_x0000_t202"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></o:wrapblock></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]-->
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The Stages of the Development Process of the NP Formation-2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:wrapblock pagebreak="t"><v:group coordsize="5919099,3749040" o:spid="_x0000_s1072" style="height: 295.2pt; left: 0; margin-left: -5.7pt; margin-top: 445pt; position: absolute; text-align: left; width: 466.05pt; z-index: 251659264;"><v:shape id="Text_x0020_Box_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_s1104" stroked="f" style="height: 284470; left: 808074; position: absolute; visibility: visible; width: 3944679;" type="#_x0000_t202"> <v:textbox> <!--[if !mso]--> <!--[endif]--></v:textbox> </v:shape></v:group></o:wrapblock><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
<o:p> </o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br clear="ALL" />
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">At the next stage of the development of pre-modifiers, the proficiency in the use of adjectival phrases [noun + noun], [adjective + noun], [determiner + noun], and [determiner + adjective] as the pre-modifiers of the noun head is seen (10%). A triple Noun formation of the NP is normally rare in use. The mother tongues of the students, Tamil and Sinhala, could play a role here to form NPs like these. Using complex NPs, the students show the proficiency in the use of adjectival phrase [article/determiner + past participle] and [determiner + adjective + noun] as the pre-modifiers. It is interesting to see that the students have further expanded the complexity of the NPs (from three worded NPs to four worded NPs) by adding nouns mostly and </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">articles, adjectives, and numbers moderately. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The new types of NPs </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">contain a present participle form fronted with an adverb pre-modifies the last noun.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> One </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">unique form shows two present participle forms performing pre-modification. Some have a past participle form as a pre-modifier along with other forms. Another distinct application noted is the use of apostrophes to include possessive nouns as pre-modifiers.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Further, they show the potential in the knowledge of applying post-modification. It is the crucial next stage of development. However, compared to the use of an adjective as the post-modifier, a new linguistic component, prepositional phrase, is dominant in their use. It expects the next level of linguistic awareness of the increasingly complex structure of the noun phrase in the English language. Instead of using a PP consisting preposition plus single word Noun, the respondents have used the two-worded NPs mostly. The reason for this structure could be that the students might have perceived a two-word construction after a preposition in forming a PP. The use of a pronoun as the head of the NP is the next development. The use of determiner as pre-modifier follows. However, only 12% of the total number represents these applications. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The next stage of development is observable in using both the pre- and postmodifiers in NPs (5%): an adjective or an article as the pre-modifiers and a prepositional phrase as the post-modifier. The embedded double prepositional phrases functioning as the postmodifier of the fronted Noun is the next stage in post-modification. At the next stage, a pronoun functions as the pre-modifier and a prepositional phrase as the postmodifier. Another development is the use of </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a nominal clause as the post-modifier along with other usual forms as the pre-modifiers. The use of this type of clause shows fluency in the use of the NPs in the English language. There are the embedded doubled or tripled prepositional phrases as the post-modifiers. Some have a relative clause as the post-modifier. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Another often used expression is the gerund. The students reach the stage of distinguishing the use of the present participle as a gerund and as an adjective. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the five worded NPs, many have a conjunction to join two NPs into one lengthy complex NP.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> In some forms, they used an indefinite pronoun as an NP. The use of fused heads in the formation of the NPs is infrequent. The use of the appropriate cases of the pronouns in the NPs is acceptable. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">The percentage of the popular forms used as the first form of the NPs occurs within the complex NPs repeatedly or within an NP repeatedly. The Sri Lankan students use the articles and determiners dominantly in a formal letter of communication. Next, they prefer personal pronouns because the letter is a genre which needs personalization. However, it is notable that they have used </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">other forms of determiner, adjective, noun, and pronoun considerably. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In the discourse of a letter of complaint in business communication, t</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">he central theme of this type of discourse is <i>problem –solution</i> (21%). It is indispensable that the person who complains should describe and explain the problem and seeks a solution. The related theme is the discourse of <i>customer or consumer</i> (11%). The writer positions himself or herself as a customer or consumer of the service commercially provided. Therefore, allocating more space and time for developing this theme in this discourse is essential. The theme of <i>communication </i>is another crucial need for the genre, the letter. The expressions are needed to send ideas, feelings, facts, and attitudes from the source to the recipient logically, constructively and critically.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The third theme developed for 9% of the whole discourse is <i>trade, commerce, and development</i>. Since it is a letter of complaint as a customer and consumer of a purchased service, the theme of trade, business and development have to be the part of the discourse, especially, the terms and conditions of the service, their benefits and obligations to both the trader and the buyer. Another critical theme the writer focuses on is <i>cause and effect</i>. This theme is related to the first theme Problem – Solution. The complaint arises due to a bad result or ill-effect of the poor service. The poor service is the cause. The adverse effects can be many. The last major theme is Time and Duration. The problem occurs within a specified time duration, and the solution is sought again within the expected time duration.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The minor theme, <i>person, and position</i> (14%) elaborates the dominant theme of customer-consumer. It clarifies and exemplifies the people affected and their disrupted positions or multiple roles in the family, working place and in the society. The minor theme of <i>general and indefinite </i>(11%) is indispensable to any discourse or genre as to relate the specific, the power cut, to the general nature, system of the personal, professional and social life and the concrete and abstract words and ideas have to be connected with the words and expressions of general and indefinite nature. The minor theme of <i>location and place</i> (4%) specifies the context or space which has been affected and need to be focused. The theme of <i>positive ideas and action</i> (4%) is an expectation in the discourse of complaint which may cause accusation and incrimination. Instead, a refined customer of social morality needs to accommodate the expression of polite requests for constructive action, service appreciation, positive ideas, and hope. The minor themes of <i>organic objects and mechanical objects</i> (4%) refer to and complement the two major themes, <i>problem-solution and cause and effect. <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The analysis shows that the students demonstrate moderate competence in creating and using number, countability, definiteness, genericness, absolute quantification, distance, and specific selection. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In using NPs of number, reference, quantification, they lack experience in using the e</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">xact determinatives such as <i>both, half, either, every, c</i>ardinal and ordinal but the improvement is seen in using the non-exact quantifiers such as <i>much, some, any, many, more, most, little, few. </i>The adjectival determinatives are classified in terms of similarity, difference, totality, familiarity, usuality, particularity, and uniqueness. The students generally show their competence in using them. The superlative adjectives play a significant role (Downing and Locke (1992: 440). This use is also quite good in their writings. Quirk <i>et al.</i> (1985:253-264) distinguish three types: pre-determiners, central determiners, and post-determiners. The respondents are good at the first two. Further, though the respondents have used the NPs in the Subject and Object positions, their application knowledge in using the NPs in the complement position within the sentence is insufficient, however, within the NPs, considerable. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">7. Conclusion and suggestions<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">This paper analyses the</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> functions and linguistic forms of nouns and noun phrases developed by the students from Tamil and Sinhala language communities of Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna in Sri Lanka. The stages of the pre-and post-modification and complementation processes of the NP formation developed from their use reveal the linguistic and non-linguistic implications in the Sri Lankan ELT and ELL context</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> especially in the areas of using the dependent structure, determiners, pre-and post-modifiers, and complements</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">.</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"> It assesses the development of the NPs in their writings in comparison to the established conventional functions and forms of the prototypical NPs in the English Language. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The findings distinguish the general patterns and pragmatic uses or localization, typical of a non-native ESL learning context. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The students mostly intuitionally or without the linguistic competence of the functions and the forms of NPs, use them as subject, object, complement and adjectival functions or positions. It reveals that the students lack concern for using the sentence patterns of SVC and SVOC. They use </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the types of determiners and modifiers before and after the types of NPs. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The implications are identifiable. The results show that their creation and use of the NPs do not confirm their competence in NPs but their habitual nature. It affects the teaching and learning of subjects taught in the English medium.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">The limitation in the methodology is that the researcher collected the data from One batch of students numbering within a hundred and the researcher chose business letter writing genre. Further, the texts were taken from a formal university assessment which conditions the writing process and product within the temporal and spatial limitations. It is not a letter written for a practical purpose or in a real situation. It is a simulated situation. Therefore the process and product of the real time use may show significantly different results because they may have enough time and the genuine need for the complaint. The limitation in the findings is that the NP formation and function vary L1 to L2, genre to genre, context to context, and purpose to purpose. The results of this research paper have these limitations.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The learners’ distinction between nouns and pronouns generally meets the standard of the conventional forms. However, they lack the application knowledge in nominalization, the theoretical and application difference </span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">between nouns and the rest of the linguistic units, within their types and their functions. Their comparative use of the abstract ideas over the concrete actions in the NPs is smaller. They need to improve in composing complex abstract NPs necessary for communicating the advanced business management knowledge and for understanding the logical and pragmatic relations. The ELT and ELL in Sri Lanka should incorporate a step by step approach to cover the stages of the processes of the NPs formation developed in this paper, comparing the counterparts available in Sinhala and Tamil languages. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Reference<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Default" style="text-indent: -28.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Aarts, J. and Flor Aarts. 1988. <i>English Syntactic Structures: Functions and Categories in<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sentence Analysis</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">. New York: Prentice Hall.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Arnold, J., & Griffin, Z. (2007). The effect of additional characters on the choice of referring expression: everyone counts. <i>Journal of Memory and Language</i>, <i>56</i>, 521-556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2006.09.007<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ashby, W., & Bentivligio, P. (2003). Preferred argument structure across time and space: a comparative analysis<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">of French and Spanish. In J. Du Bois, L. Kumph, & W. Ashby (Eds.), <i>Preferred argument structure: grammar as architecture for function. </i>Amsterdam: John Benjamins.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Beugrande, R., & Dressler, W. (1984). <i>Introduction to text linguistics</i>. London: Longman.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Biber, D. and Victoria Clark. 2002. “Historical shifts in modification patterns with complex<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">noun phrase structures.” In Teresa Fanego <i>et al. </i>(eds) <i>English Historical Syntax<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">and Morphology</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 43-66.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Chafe, W. (1985). Linguistic differences produced by differences between speaking and writing. In D. Olson, N.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Torrance, & A. Hildyard (Eds.), <i>Literacy, language, and learning: the nature and consequences of reading and writing</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Christiansen, T. (2011). <i>Cohesion: a discourse perspective. </i>Berlin: Peter Lang.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Collins, P., & Hollo, C. (2009). <i>English grammar: an introduction. </i>Chippenham: Palgrave McMillian.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Crossley, S., & McNamara, D. (2009). Computational assessment of lexical differences in L1 and L2 writing. <i>Journal of Second Language Writing</i>, <i>18</i>, 119-135. </span><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2009.02.002"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2009.02.002</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">De Mönnink, Inge. 2000. <i>On the Move: the Mobility of Constituents in the English Noun<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Phrase: a Multi-method Approach</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">. Amsterdam / Atlanta: Rodopi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Flavell, J.H. (1970). Concept development. In P.H. Mussen (3rd Ed). Carmichael’s manual of child psychology: Vol 1. New York: Wiley.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Gnanaseelan, J. (September 2016).<i> </i>The taxonomy of the functional and structural uses of adverbs in business letter writing in English.<i>International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature. ISSN 2200-3592 (Print), ISSN 2200-3452 (Online). Vol. 5 No. 5; September 2016. Australian International Academic Centre, Australia. </i> A Peer-Reviewed Refereed and Indexed International Research Journal. pp.39-48. <i><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Givón, T. (1990). <i>Syntax: a functional-typological introduction. </i>Philadelphia: John Benjamins.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Halliday, Michael A.K. 1985. <i>An Introduction to Functional Grammar</i>. London: Arnold.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Hockett, Charles F. 1958. <i>A Course in Modern Linguistics</i>. New York: Macmillan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Huddelston, R., & Pullum, G. (2002) <i>Cambridge Grammar of the English Language</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jackendoff, Ray. 1977. <i>X Syntax: a Study of Phrase Structure</i>. Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Press.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jespersen, Otto. 1976 [1914]. <i>A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles</i>. London:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">George Allen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jo-Anne Hutter (2015). A Corpus-Based Analysis of Noun Modification in Empirical Research Articles in Applied Linguistics. Dissertations and Theses. <b>PDXScholar: </b><i>Portland State University. </i></span><a href="http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jucker, Andreas H. 1992. <i>Social Stylistics: Syntactic Variation in British Newspapers</i>. Berlin:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mouton de Gruyter.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Kruisinga, Etsko. 1932 [1909]. <i>A Handbook of Present-Day English</i>. Groningen: Noordhoff.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Lakoff, George. 1971. “On generative semantics.” In Steinberg, D. and Leon A. Jakobovits<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">(eds) <i>Semantics</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 232-296.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Langacker, Ronald W. 1990. <i>Concept, Image, and Symbol: The Cognitive Basis of Grammar</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Levi, Judith N. 1978. <i>The Syntax and Semantics of Complex Nominals</i>. New York: Academic<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Press.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mirzapour, F., & Ahmadi, M. (2011). Study on lexical cohesion in English and Persian research articles. <i>English Language Teaching, 4</i>(4), 243-255. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v4n4p245<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Payne, T. (2011). <i>Understanding English grammar: a linguistic introduction. </i>New York: Cambridge University Press.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Payne, J. and Rodney Huddleston. 2002. “Nouns and noun phrases.” In Huddleston, R. and<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Geoffrey K. Pullum (eds) <i>The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 323-523.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Quirk, R., Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech and Jan Svartvik. 1985. <i>A Comprehensive<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The grammar of the English Language</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">. London: Longman.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Raumolin-Brunberg, Helena. 1991. <i>The Noun Phrase in Early Sixteenth-century English: a<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Study Based on Sir Thomas More’s Writings</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">. Helsinki: Societé Neophilologique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sampson, G. 1987a. Evidence against the "grammatical/ungrammatical" distinction. In Meijs (1987).<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Taylor, John R. 2002. <i>Cognitive Grammar</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-24039798784086695812014-03-05T10:52:00.002-08:002014-03-05T11:02:15.885-08:00The Criticism of the Tamil Short Film: Sambalilirinthu (From the Ashes): English and Tamil Text versions<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Criticism of the Tamil
Short Film: <i>Sambalilirinthu </i>(From the
Ashes)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhw5jYt7HvuNI1h_CMhiwGX3xI9jlyiL86rnXIJetZ04JogZNVeKMcMwkjLYyPpoOLW_KKBaE-hFj22Np_VtFNjl5Yg8MH6S-LCJGTU1i79N-nvpbXMZ6G_278mYPV6kgeFU7bn27X0wVHI/s1600/SAM+01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhw5jYt7HvuNI1h_CMhiwGX3xI9jlyiL86rnXIJetZ04JogZNVeKMcMwkjLYyPpoOLW_KKBaE-hFj22Np_VtFNjl5Yg8MH6S-LCJGTU1i79N-nvpbXMZ6G_278mYPV6kgeFU7bn27X0wVHI/s1600/SAM+01.jpg" height="452" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgL2Ebez9LiAUnvI8AmmVxZbakSknH7iQ2IGL2m2ST2q3C26CmFfYqrlJObkY_FCqrSlUSSHg_jWwQTtfAtIxr71wyhP917vvkrAZ4U-NlZ0QEMc4Ogbxj_uyePVNM-xWiMSvUhfc19uDrM/s1600/SAM04.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgL2Ebez9LiAUnvI8AmmVxZbakSknH7iQ2IGL2m2ST2q3C26CmFfYqrlJObkY_FCqrSlUSSHg_jWwQTtfAtIxr71wyhP917vvkrAZ4U-NlZ0QEMc4Ogbxj_uyePVNM-xWiMSvUhfc19uDrM/s1600/SAM04.jpg" height="284" width="640" /></a></div>
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype
id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t"
path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f">
<v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/>
<v:formulas>
<v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/>
<v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/>
</v:formulas>
<v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/>
<o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/>
</v:shapetype><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_1" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:50.3pt;
margin-top:58pt;width:234.5pt;height:165.9pt;z-index:1;visibility:visible;
mso-wrap-style:square;mso-wrap-distance-left:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;
mso-wrap-distance-right:9pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;
mso-position-horizontal:absolute;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;
mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:text'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\eltu\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.jpg"
o:title="SAM 01"/>
<w:wrap type="square"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><i><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Reviewer:
Dr. Jeyaseelan Gnanaseelan, senior Lecturer, Vavuniya Campus of the Jaffna
University. (jeya86@hotmail.com)</span></i><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<h1>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br clear="all" />
<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Once again,
Mr. A. Nishanthan, has directed a Tamil short film (8 minutes),</span> <i>S</i><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">ambalilirinthu</span></i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">, (<i>From
the Ashes</i></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">), sponsored by the Oblates of the Society for Social Services</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">. </span> The
function for the release of the film was held at ‘Annai Illam’ (the Home of the
Mother), the Centre of the <span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Oblates of Social services in Kilinochchi on 20<sup>th</sup>
February 2014. It is a film about the post-war survival of a Vanni family
seriously traumatized physically and psychologically. The survival leading to
revival efforts of the family are projected as a microcosm symbolizing the
macrocosm of the entire Vanni families affected by the ethnic conflict and the
intensive war at the end during 2008 and 2009. The momentum of the emotional
moments of the inception of the resettlement and rehabilitation efforts of the
family is portrayed dynamically with an intensive symbolic significance. The determined survival efforts of the
directly affected, parent-deprived, education-deprived, disabled but
responsible children and the young ones are dichotomized against the carefree,
irresponsible life style of the less affected or unaffected ones. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The role of
Tamil Women who are the majority in the Vanni is projected as the primary force
to be reckoned with and they should lead the Tamil society during this
transitional period. The livelihood means and ends are emphasized by
consolidating local food security measures. The emphasis is laid on developing
local small industries. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Their
happiness originates from their local context, not externally dished out or
doled out as aids: for instance, music from local leaf fiddle, locally
blossoming wild flowers, and pushing <i>Nongu
vandi</i> (a rolling structure made of a pair of the raw fruits of Palmyra by
hooking them with a stick across and pushing them with the help of another long
stick with the split end (bi-parted). The Local rice <i>kanji</i> (rice with
coconut milk spiced with onions and chilly and so on) makes the members of the
family together and their eating and sharing symbolizes unity for
re-establishing livelihoods - happiness through locally made commodities and
industries- showing satisfaction. It is the rediscovery of happiness and
freedom in a simple original way. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The barbed
wire fence intimidates women security, community security and human security at
large. The child standing on the abandoned empty ammunition tin box, respecting
the parents killed or who died may remind the bitter truth of the people’s
psychological resistance of violent war and military control. It may further
shows that the younger ones should consider their rebirth from the consequences
and loss of war as steps for socio economic, educational and political changes.
Picking up and looking on the broken piece of the mirror gives hope for
restoring the ethnic and cultural identity. The injury and the scars must
remind the Tamils for speedy recovery from the negative feeling of the social,
political and psychological defeat due to the war. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The elder
brother deprived of one of his legs stands for the idea and action of responsibility
for restoring whatever is lost, evolved from the pain experienced in the war or
as a victim of the consequences of the war. His buying note books implies educational
revival and now the brother does think of liberation from a fresh point of view
- liberation by education. The scene of cleaning the house premises from litter
insists eliminating the evils of the war. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">On the
whole, the film tries to give hope and confidence to the war affected Tamils in
re-establishing their dignity, their economy, their culture, their livelihood, their
political rights and their freedom from military control. It is the binary
projection of the post war situation of traumatization versus rehabilitation,
responsibility versus irresponsibility, experience versus expectation, education
versus entertainment. Further it exposes the construction of a binary in the
life style of the younger generation- iphones, alcohol, and idling versus
family and social responsibility; how a post war younger generation should be
and should not be in a context where grand parents and grandchildren mostly
live and parents and youth were mostly dead. The old woman, the grandma
symbolizing old age and weakness with the disabled youth and children shows
this reality of human existence and human absurdity. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 16.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The writer
cum photographer cum director, Mr. A. Nishanthan has done a good job. The music
is appropriate. The film does not have any dialogue. The director, A.
Nishanthan has reached up another step in directing Tamil short films. The film
is available for view at the Oblates Society for Social services (Annai Illam),
No: 87, Kanahambihaikulam, Kilinochchi. </span><b><o:p></o:p></b><br />
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br /></span>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">jkpo;
FWk;jpiug;glk</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">,</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">; <i>rhk;gypypUe;J</i>
: xu; tpku;rdk; <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Bamini; mso-fareast-font-family: Bamini;">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">fyhepjp n[arPyd; QhdrPyd;</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">, </span></b><b><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">KJepiy
tpupTiuahsu;</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">,</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> aho;g;ghz gy;fiyf;fof tTdpah tshfk; <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Bamini; mso-fareast-font-family: Bamini;">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">kPz;Lk; xUjuk; jpU.m.eprhe;jd; <b><i>rhk;gypypUe;J</i></b> vd;W jiyg;gplg;gl;l
vl;L epkpl jkpo; FWk;glk; xd;iw ,af;fpAs;shu;. ,jid mkykupj;jpahfpfspd;
r%fg;gzp epiyakhd fpspnehr;rpapy; fdfhk;gpiff;Fsj;jpy; mike;Js;s </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">“</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">md;id ,y;yk;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">”</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> jahupj;Js;sJ
.,g;glj;jpd; ntspaPl;L epfo;thdJ khrp khjk; 20k; jpfjp me;epiyaj;jpy;
eilngw;wJ. ,e;jj; jpiug;glkhdJ Aj;jj;jpw;Fg; gpd;duhd td;dp kf;fspd; cs uPjpahd
kw;Wk; cly; uPjpahd jhf;fq;fisr; rpj;jupf;fpd;wJ ,e;jf; FWk;glk;
,dg;gpur;ridahYk; Fwpg;ghf 2008</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> 2009 Mz;Lfspy; eilngw;w fLikahd
,Wjpg; NghupYk; ghjpf;fg;gl;l td;dp FLk;gq;fs; KOtijAk; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jfpd;w
xU FLk;gj;jpd; xU ehs; tho;f;ifiaf; fhl;Lfpd;wJ. me;jf; FLk;gj;jpd;
Gzu;tho;tpw;F ,l;Lr; nry;fpd;w jg;gpg; gpioj;jy; Kiwfis td;dpg; Nghupdhy;
ghjpf;fg;gl;l td;dpf; FLk;gq;fspd; NgUyif FwpaPl;lhy; fhl;Lfpd;w Ez;Zykhff;
fhl;Lfpd;wJ. NkYk; me;jf; FLk;gj;jpdJ kPs;Fbaku;T</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">, </span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Gdu;tho;T Kaw;rpfspd; Muk;gf; fl;lj;jpy; mtu;fs;
tho;f;ifapy; Vw;gLk; czu;TuPjpahd fzq;fspd; cj;Ntfj;ij xU nrwpthd FwpaPl;L
Kf;fpaj;Jtj;JlDk; Jbg;GlDk; fhl;lg;gLfpwJ. Nghuhy; Neubahfg; ghjpf;fg;gl;l</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> ngw;Nwhu;fis ,oe;j</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> fy;tpiag; gwpnfhLj;j</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> cly; uPjpahf CdKw;w Mdhy; nghWg;Gzu;Tkpf;f gps;isfspdJk;
,isQu;fspdJk; jPu;f;fkhd jg;gpg; gpioj;jy; Kaw;rpfis ftiyapy;yhj</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> nghWg;Gzu;tw;w</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Nghuhy; rpwpa mstpy; my;yJ ghjpg;Ngaw;w ,isQu;fsJ
tho;f;iff;F kW vjpuhf rpj;jupj;Jf; fhl;Lfpd;wJ.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">td;dpg; gFjpapy; ngUk;ghd;ikiaf; nfhz;l ngz;fspd; gq;fspg;ghdJ khw;wj;jpw;Fs;shFk; Nghupw;Fg; gpd;duhd ,f;fhyj;jpy;
jkpo;f; FLk;gq;fis Kd;ndLj;Jr; nry;Yk; mbggil ce;J rf;jpahf fhzg;gLtijr; rpj;jupf;fpd;wJ.
cs;s+u; czTg; ghJfhg;G eltbf;iffisg; gyg;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; tho;thjhuj;ij mikj;Jf;
nfhs;tjd; KbitAk; KiwfisAk; ,f;FWk;glk; fUjp epw;fpwJ.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">td;dp kf;fsJ cz;ikahd kfpo;r;rpfukhd tho;f;if vd;gJ mtu;fspd; cs;s+u;
#o;epiyapypUe;Nj fl;bnaOg;gg;gl Ntz;Lk;. mJ td;dpf;F ntspapypUe;J tUk; md;gspg;Gf;fshNyh
my;yJ ju;k fhupaq;fshNyh my;yJ cjtpfshfshNyh my;y. cjhuzkhf</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> rpWtu;fs;
,iyfspy; nra;ag;gl;l rpwpa CJFoypy; ,irnaOg;gp kfpo;tJ</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">css+u;; gpuNjrq;fspw;Fs; kyUk; fhl;L
kyu;fshy; khiy nra;tJ</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">, </span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">mjdhy;
jq;fisAk; moFgLj;JtJ kw;Wk; ,we;NjhUf;Fk; flTSf;Fk; gilg;gJ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">rpWtu;fs; </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">‘</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">nehq;F
tz;by;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">’</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> fl;b Xb tpisahLtJ</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">, </span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ghy; Nrhw;Wf; fQ;rpiar; rikj;J vy;NyhUkhf Nru;e;J cz;gJ
Nghd;witfisf; Fwpg;gplyhk;. ,itfs; vy;yhk; tho;thjhuj;ij kPsf; fl;bnaOg;Gtjw;F
cs;d+u; cw;gj;jpfs; kw;Wk; ifj;njhopy;fspd; tsu;r;rpapy; jpUg;jp fhZtijAk; mjd;
mbg;gilapy; xw;Wikiaf; fl;bnaOg;GtijAk; Ntz;b epw;fpd;wJ. RUf;fkhff; $Wtnjdpy;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> xU vspa %ytopapy; Rje;jpuj;ijAk; kfpo;r;rpiaAk; kPsf;
fz;Lgpbg;gij ntspf;fhl;Lfpd;wJ.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">rpWkp xUj;jp mWe;J Nghd ,uhZt Kl;fk;gp Ntypia ,Oj;J mfw;w Kw;gLtJ
Nghd;w fhl;rpapd; %yk; ngz;fspdJk; r%fj;jpdJk; nghJthd kdpj ghJfhg;Gf;fhd
mr;RWj;jy;fis ePf;f Ntz;ba epiyiaf; fhl;LfpwJ. NkYk; mr;rpWkp iftplg;gl;l ntWikahd
ntbkUe;J jfug;ngl;bapd; NkNywp epd;W ,we;J Nghd my;yJ NghupNy nfhy;yg;gl;l jdJ
ngw;NwhUf;F kupahij nrYj;j KidtJ NkYk; xU frg;ghd cz;ikia czu;j;Jfpd;wJ. mJjhd;
,uhZt mlf;FKiwiaAk; td;Kiwkpf;f NghiuAk; cstpay; uPjpahf vjpu;f;fpd;w kf;fspd;
kdepiy. ,isa jiyKiw Nghupd; ,og;igAk; gpd;tpisTfisAk; r%fg;nghUshjhu</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> fy;tp</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> murpay;
khw;wq;fSf;fhd gbf;fw;fshf khw;wpg; GJg;gpwg;ngLf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,uz;L fhy;;fisAk;
,oe;j me;j rpWtd; rf;fu ehw;fhypapypUe;J nfhz;L cile;J nehWq;</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">fp</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> gJq;F FopapypUe;J vLj;J tug;gl;l fz;zhb
Jz;L xd;wpy; jdJ Kfj;ijg; ghu;j;Jr; rupg;gLj;jp</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Gd;diff;f
Kay;tjD}lhf gz;ghl;LuPjpahd ,duPjpahd milahsj;ij kPsf; fl;bnaOg;Gtjw;fhd
ek;gpf;ifiaf; nfhs;fpwhd;. glj;jpy; tUk; rpWtDf;Fk; ,isQDf;Fk; Vw;gl;l fhaq;fs;
kw;Wk; jSk;Gjisf; fhl;Ltjd; %yk; murpay;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> cstpay; uPjpahd
Njhy;tp vd;w vjpu;kiw czu;tpypUe;J kPz;Ltu Ntz;Lk; vd Qhgfg;gLj;JfpwJ.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">jdJ fhy;fspy; xd;iw ,oe;j Kj;j rNfhjud; Nghu;f; fhyj;jpy; vd;dnty;yhk;
,of;fg;gl;lNjh my;yJ Nghupd; gpd;tpisTfshy; gypahf;fg;gl;l epiyapy; ,Ue;Njh
my;yJ Nghupd; typ mDgtq;fspy; ,Ue;Njh gbg;gbahf tsu;f;fg;gl;l nghWg;Gzu;T rhu;
nraiyAk; fUj;ijAk; Fwpj;J epw;fpd;whd;. mtd; jdJ fhy;fis ,oe;j ,isa rNfhjudpd; gbg;Gf;fhf
Gj;jfq;fis thq;FtJ fy;tpuPjpahd kPs; vOr;rpia FwpapLfpd;wJ. Nghupd; gpd;duhd ,f;fhyj;jpy;
me;j ,isQd; tpLjiy vd;w fUg;nghUis xU Gjpa gupzhkj;jpy; ghu;f;fpd;whd;. mJjhd;
fy;tpahy; milAk; tpLjiy. tPl;L Kw;wj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; Fg;ig $sq;fisg; ngUf;FtJ
Nghupd; jPikfis mopj;njhopg;gJ Nghd;w czu;it Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">KOikapy;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> ,e;jg; glk; Nghupdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l
jkpou;fSf;F ek;gpf;ifiaAk; cWjpiaAk; nfhLf;f Kay;fpwJ. mtu;fs; ,uhZt fl;LghLfspypUe;J
tpLjiy ngWjy;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> mtu;fsJ murpay; cupikfs</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">; mtu;fsJ
tho;thjhuk;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> mtu;fsJ gz;ghL</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> mtu;fsJ nghUz;kpak;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> mtu;fsJ nfsutk;
Nghd;wtw;iw kPs Vw;gLj;Jtjw;fhd nra;jpia toq;Ffpd;wJ. ,f;FWk;glk; gy vjpu;
vjpuhd</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> NghUf;F gpd;duhd
,ul;il nrhy;yhly;fis Kd;itf;fpwJ. kPs Kbahj cly;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> cs mjpu;r;rp kW
tho;tpw;F vjpuhfTk</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">; nghWg;ghd jd;ikf;F vjpuhfTk;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> vjpu;fhy vjpu;ghu;g;Gf;fs;
,we;jfhy mDgtq;fSf;F vjpuhfTk;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> fspahl;lq;fs; fy;tpf;F vjpuhd
rthy;fshfTk; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sd. mj;Jld; tPz; fij fijj;jy;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">kJ mUe;Jjy;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">cau; njhopy;El;g ifNgrpfspy; mjpf
Neuj;ijr; nrytpLjy; Nghd;w ,d;iwa ,isa jiyKiwapdupd; tho;f;fif Kiw FLk;g r%fg;
nghWg;Gzu;Tf;Fk; fLikahd ciog;Gf;Fk; vjpuhd rthyhff; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ. RUf;fkhf
$Wtnjdpy;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> ngw;NwhUk;
,isQu;fSk; mjpfkhf ,we;J</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
tajhd jhj;jh</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">, </span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ghl;b</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">rpWtu;fSk; mjpfkhf thOfpd;w xU
NghUf;Fg; gpd;duhd #oypy; ,isa jiyKiw vg;gb ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">vg;gb ,Uf;f $lhJ vd;gijf; Fwpapl;Lf;
fhl;LfpwJ. me;jg; glj;jpy; ghl;bahf tUk; tajhd ngz;zpd; %yk; taJ Kjpu;e;j jd;ik</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">gytPdk; vd;gtw;iw CdKw;w ,isQu;
rpWtu;fNshL Nru;j;J cly; uPjpahfTk</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">; cs uPjp</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ahfTk; cile;j r%fkhff; fh;l;Ltjd; %yk; kdpj ,Ug;G
kw;Wk; mu;j;jkw;w kdpj tho;T Nghd;w gy cyf cz;ikfis ,f;FWk;glk; ntspf;nfhzu;fpwJ.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">vOj;jhsUk; glg;gpbg;ghsUkhd m. eprhe;jd; xU ey;y Mf;fnkhd;iw vkf;F
je;jpUf;fpd;whu;. ,g;glk; KOtJk; ciuahlypd;wp ,irahYk; fhl;rpahYk; jdJ fUj;ijg;
gfpu;e;J nfhs;fpwhu;. jkpo;f; FWk;gl ,af;fj;jpy; ,d;ndhU gbia jhz;btpl;lhu;.
,e;jf; FWk;glj;ij ,y.87</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">, </span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">fdfhk;gpiff;Fsk;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">,
</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">fpspnehr;rpapy; mike;Js;s
mkykupj;jpahfpfspd; r%fg;gzp epiyakhd </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">“</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">md;id ,y;yj;jpy;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">”</span><span style="font-family: Bamini; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> njhlu;G nfhs;tjd; %yk; ngw KbAk;.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-43203524297724031512013-10-24T02:00:00.005-07:002013-10-24T02:01:55.307-07:00Reconciliation between Tamils and Sinhalese in Sri Lanka: Propaganda in Media Discourse<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>TA</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="annotation text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><img src="//img2.blogblog.com/img/video_object.png" style="background-color: #b2b2b2; " class="BLOGGER-object-element tr_noresize tr_placeholder" id="ieooui" data-original-id="ieooui" />
<style>
st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) }
</style>
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="WordSection1">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> </span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Times; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><a href="http://www.indianfolklore.org/journals/index.php/Panu/article/view/1309/1480" target="_blank">http://www.indianfolklore.org/journals/index.php/Panu/article/view/1309/1480</a></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>TA</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="annotation text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";}
</style>
<![endif]-->
</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Gnanaseelan,</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">
J. (June 2013). <span style="background: white; color: #111111;">Reconciliation
between Tamils and Sinhalese in Sri Lanka: Propaganda in Media Discourse</span><span style="color: #231f20; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">. </span><b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #111111; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-family: Latha; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Puthiya Panuval</span></i></b><b><span style="color: #111111; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-family: Latha; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> : An International Journal of Tamil Studies</span></b>, Chennai
- 600 005, India. Vol 5, No 01, ISSN: 0975 – 6213 ; p.116-128. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>available at</span> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt;"><a href="http://www.indianfolklore.org/journals/index.php/Panu/article/view/1309/1480">http://www.indianfolklore.org/journals/index.php/Panu/article/view/1309/1480</a></span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"></span></b></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">
</b><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Reconciliation
between Tamils and Sinhalese in Sri Lanka: </span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Propaganda
in Media Discourse</span><span lang="EN-GB"></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jeyaseelan Gnanaseelan</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Senior Lecturer, Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Park Road, Vavuniya, Sri Lanka</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-GB">jeya86@hotmail.com</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">__________________________________________________________________________________</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">ABSTRACT</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB">The reconciliation between
Tamils and Sinhalese in Sri Lanka has become an internationally sensitive political
issue, discussed even at the United Nations Human Rights Council in Geneva at
present. Sri Lanka has been suffering due to the protracted ethnic conflict for
three decades. The rupture between the Sinhalese and Tamils is ever widening,
thanks to the propagandist function of Media. Media plays a key role in many conflict-torn
democracies throughout the world. The Propaganda Model, developed by Edward
Herman and Noam Chomsky, claims that elite media interconnect with other
institutional sectors in ownership, management and social circles. It
constrains their ability to remain analytically detached from other dominant
institutional sectors (especially in their knowledge construction) for proper
governance and political reconciliation. This paper attempts to assess the
relevance of this knowledge construction using this Model. The analysis of the selected
editorials of the Sri Lankan English newspapers on the ethnic conflict,
reconciliation and governance (mainly during the period of Ceasefire Agreement
(2002- 2006) between the Government of Sri Lanka and the Liberation Tigers of
Tamil Eelam and post-CFA periods) traces an ideological significance in their
discourse construction. The editorials reveal the State, ethnic and party
-based and -biased ideologies. They implicitly support cultural nationalism
cloaked by constitutional nationalism and argue that globalization facilitates ‘inter
state-security’, and not intra-state security. The paper studies whether the
media can contribute to the knowledge base for reconciliation and governance
leading to legitimization, political accommodation and ideological management.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">__________________________________________________________________________________________</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Key
words</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">:</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">media discourse</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB">, </span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">ethnic
conflict, governance, reconciliation,</span><span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">knowledge and ideological construction <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">____________________________________________________________________________________</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Times; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span></b>
<br />
<div class="WordSection2">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB">Introduction</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Times; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" />
</span>
<br />
<div class="WordSection3">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">This paper applies the ‘propaganda model’ of media operations
developed by Edward Herman and Noam Chomsky in <u>Manufacturing Consent: The
Political Economy of the Mass Media</u> to the Sri Lankan Media’s discourse
construction. Herman and Chomsky’s Model claims that elite media interconnect
with other institutional sectors in ownership, management and social circles.
This Model is applied to a discourse analysis of the selected editorials of the
Sri Lankan English newspapers on the ethnic conflict resolution under
international intervention during the period of Ceasefire Agreement (2002-
2006) between the Government of Sri Lanka and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil
Eelam. It traces an ethnonationalist ideological significance in their
editorial construction projecting binary positions in the knowledge
construction for governance and reconciliation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">According to
Ponnambalam in his book,</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"> </span></i><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Sri Lanka: The National
Question and the Tamil Liberation struggle,</span></u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> </span><span lang="EN-GB">after
Sri Lanka gained independence from Great Britain in 1948, discrimination against
Tamils increased through government policies and led to resistance. In the late
1970s, the Tamil militants materialized their armed struggle after non-violent
resistance groups failed to raise awareness for their cause. Thus the present
day conflict took a significant national as well as international dimension in
Sri Lanka with the Sinhalese fighting to maintain control of Sri Lanka to
project a Sinhala identity to the country as a whole and the Tamils fighting
for an end to discrimination, for equal representation in political and
economic affairs and recognition of their traditional homeland in the Northeast
of Sri Lanka. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Chomsky
in </span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Necessary Illusions: Thought Control in Democratic Societies</span></u><span lang="EN-GB"> talks of ‘the primary targets of the manufacture of consent are
those who regard themselves as "the more thoughtful members of the
community," the "intellectuals, and “the opinion leaders". The
Sri Lankan Newspapers also, internalized by majoritarianism <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>target the same groups of members nationally
as well as internationally to mobilize them against Tamil nationalism and the
conflict interventions made by India in the past and by the Norway-led
International Community for "he who mobilizes the elite, mobilizes the
public," (Chomsky 47). This paper inquires into Chomsky’s concern about
‘the necessary effect of the present economic system upon the whole system of
publicity; upon the judgment of what news is, upon the selection and
elimination of matter that is published, upon the treatment of news in both
editorial and news columns’ (131). Thus it endorses his statement ‘how far
genuine intellectual freedom and social responsibility are possible on any
large scale under the existing economic regime’. Chomsky disapproves of ‘the
reigning social order’, and the idea that ‘the general public must remain an
object of manipulation, not a participant in thought’. Any rebellious attempts
by the underprivileged against the privileged have long been understood as "crises
of democracy" (131). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB">Conflict Background</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The conflict
between the Tamils and the Sinhalese is not a recent phenomenon in the political
life of Sri Lanka.
The conflict history consists of many centuries during the pre-colonial era and
of many decades during the post-colonial era. But the present conflict dates
back from immediately after the colonial period. The ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka dates back to the fifth century BC when the
first Sinhalese migrated from India
to the island. The Sinhala historians base their origin as North
India. The Tamils came from South India
with a totally different language and religion. From the beginning, territorial
disputes caused tension between the ethnic groups. Later, the Dutch, Portuguese,
British, and American intervention in Sri
Lanka influenced political, educational, and
religious developments within the island, each country showing favouritism to
either the Tamils or the Sinhalese. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">After Sri
Lanka gained independence from Great Britain in 1948, discrimination against
the Tamils increased through government policies and led to resistance. In the
late 1970s, the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) materialized after
non-violent resistance groups failed to raise awareness for their cause. The
formation of the LTTE began the present day conflict between the Sinhalese and
the Tamils of Sri Lanka, the Sinhalese fighting to maintain control of Sri Lanka and the
Tamils fighting for an end to discrimination and for representation in political
affairs.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB">Indian Intervention for reconciliation and fair governance</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The Indian government’s interest in
Sri Lankan affairs increased from 1983 through 1987. Numerous attempts at
mediation between the Sinhalese and the Tamils failed. The impetus for such
intervention was most likely the pressure from the many citizens of Tamil Nadu
who were related to the Tamils in Sri Lanka. Finally, the Indian military
intervened in 1987. Negotiations were held, and the Indo-Sri Lanka Peace Accord
was signed on July 29, 1987, by Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and Sri
Lankan President Jayewardene. The accord stated that the Indian government
would not support a separate Tamil state; however, it did recognize the
northern and eastern areas as “areas of historical habitation” (Hennayake 408).
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">This
was eventually enacted as the 13th Amendment. The Indian Peace-Keeping Force
(IPKF) established order in the north and east. Consequently, the JVP uprising
took place in the south against the Indian military presence. Few of the
demands agreed to in the Agreement were implemented. When the militants refused
to disarm its fighters, the IPKF tried to demobilize them by force and ended up
in full-scale conflict with the Tamils. Simultaneously, nationalist sentiment
led many Sinhalese to oppose the continued Indian presence. Casualties mounted
and eventually India
pulled out its troops in March 1990.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; mso-pagination: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB">International Intervention for Reconciliation</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The war has caused great damage to the population and economy of the
country. In 2001, however, the militants announced a unilateral ceasefire just
before Christmas 2001. The new United National Front (UNF) government
reciprocated the unilateral ceasefire offer and signed an MOU in February 2002.
Norway
and other Nordic countries monitored the ceasefire through the Sri Lanka
Monitoring Mission (SLMM). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The militants temporarily
pulled out of the peace talks in 2003, citing lack of attention on an interim
political solution. The Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) rejected the Interim
Self-Governing Authority (ISGA) </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "AFJHHI+TimesNewRoman,Bold","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "AFJHHI+TimesNewRoman\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">proposal submitted by the militants for
the northeast of the island of Sri Lanka<b> </b>o</span><span lang="EN-GB">n
October 31, 2003. In 2004 the United People Freedom Alliance (UPFA) came to
power. The Asian tsunami of late 2004 killed more than 30,000 people in the
country. It was hoped that the disaster would bring the warring sides together,
but the conflict continued. The militants suggested a Post-Tsunami Operation
Mechanism Structure (PTOMS) for rehabilitating the north-east victims. But due
to the strong opposition from the Sinhala hardliners, and the consequent
Supreme Court verdict, it was abandoned. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Gradually the situation became complicated by allegations that both
sides violated the CFA. In light of this renewed violence that erupted in
December 2005, ethnic riots and unsolved murders suspected to have been
committed by the military and the militants’ attacks followed. A new crisis,
and possibly the resumption of a proper war, emerged in July 2006, resulting in
the International Community’s scepticism over resumption of the peace talks. At
last the ceasefire agreement was unilaterally abrogated by the government on 16<sup>th</sup>
January 2008. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Objective </span></b><span lang="EN-GB"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
Research Problem is whether the<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> editorial knowledge constructions of journalists
and editors of the Sri Lankan elite media hide or express their ideological and
attitudinal positions in subtle and mild forms. </span>The general objective is
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">t<b><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">o investigate the ideological and attitudinal positions of the Sri
Lankan English newspaper editorial discourse on conflict resolution,
reconciliation between Tamils and Sinhalese</span></b></i><b>.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Methodology</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Selected editorials of the Sri
Lankan English National newspapers on the ethnic conflict, reconciliation and
governance mainly during the period of Ceasefire Agreement (CFA) (2002- 2006)
between the Government of Sri Lanka and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
and post-CFA periods were analysed. This research bases its data on 1249
editorials taken from <i>The <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Daily News</span></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> and <i>The Sunday Observer</i> (397), <i>The
Island</i> and <i>The Sunday Island</i> (440), <i>The Daily Mirror</i> and <i>The
Sunday Times</i> (250), <i>The Morning Leader</i> and <i>The Sunday Leader </i>(162).
</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The ‘propaganda model’ of media operations formed and applied
by Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky in <u>Manufacturing Consent: The Political
Economy of the Mass Media</u>, stipulates that the mass media are instruments
of power that ‘mobilize support for the special interests that dominate the
state and private activity’ (11). Media function is the central mechanisms of propaganda
in the capitalist democracies and class interests have ‘multilevel effects on
mass-media interests and choices. Chomsky in </span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Propaganda and
the Public Mind</span></u><span lang="EN-GB"> says: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-pagination: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">It goes right from kindergarten up ...
People are supposed to be obedient producers, do what they're told, and the
rest of your life is supposed to be passive consuming. Don't think about
things. Don't know about things ... Just do what you're told, pay attention to
something else and maximize your consumption. That's the role of the public
(19).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Media
do not have to be controlled nor does their behaviour have to be patterned, as
it is assumed that they are integral actors in class warfare, fully integrated
into the institutional framework, and act in unison with other ideological
sectors, i.e. the academy, to establish, enforce, reinforce and police
corporate hegemony. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Herman
and Chomsky (1–35) argue that the ‘raw material of news’ passes through a
series of five interrelated filter constraints, ‘leaving only the cleansed
residue fit to print’. These filter elements continuously ‘interact with and
reinforce one another’ and have multilevel effects on media performance (2).
The five filter elements are: (1) the size, concentrated ownership, owner
wealth, and profit orientation of the dominant mass-media firms; (2)
advertising as the primary income source of the mass media; (3) the reliance of
the media on information provided by government, business, and ‘experts’ funded
and approved by these primary sources and agents of power; (4) ‘flak’ as a
means of disciplining the media; and (5) ‘anti-communism’ as a national
religion and control mechanism. Chomsky in </span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Propaganda and
the Public Mind</span></u><span lang="EN-GB"> states that ‘a standard technique
of belief formation is to do something in your own interest and then to
construct a framework in which that's the right thing to do’ (167).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>7. Analysis, Findings and Discussion</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The discourse
of editorial texts is not free or more or less arbitrary. That is, according to
van Dijk in </span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Discourse and Inequality </span></u><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>, ethnic minorities are linked to the
prominence and availability of the overall social cognitions such as (a)
Socio-cultural difference and lack of adjustment and tolerance; (b) Deviance of
established (dominant) norms (including terrorism, violence and crime); (c)
Competition for scarce resources (educational, economic and natural resources)
(25). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Chomsky in </span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Media
Control</span></u><span lang="EN-GB"> talks about the media’s attempt at atomizing
and segregating the people: “they're not supposed to organize, because then
they might be something beyond spectators of action. They might actually be
participants if many people with limited resources could get together to enter
the political arena. That is really threatening”(23). In this Sri Lankan media
context, these discourse themes have been constructed in binary positions between
US and THEM; THEM is given in terms of deviance and threats, viz., as threats
to our country, space, population composition, and ethnic representation in
political power, employment, education etc. It recognizes the typical concerns
of dominant group members. The discourse reveals the underlying prejudices,
group norms and goals, as well as dominant ideologies. Van Dijk in Discourse
and Inequality establishes “a first link between text structures and the structures
of underlying social cognitions. The discourse tells us something about “the
hierarchical structures and of our social representations in memory” (25).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The first
filter constraint in his model emphasizes that media are closely interlocked and
share common interests with other dominant institutional sectors (corporations,
the state, banks). <span style="color: black;">With the nationalisation of the
largest newspaper group in the early 1970s, the stage was set for government
manipulation of the media. Since, the State media has been under the control of
successive governments, it is perceived as a vehicle for government propaganda.
The appointment of reporters, editors, directors and managers has always been
aimed at fulfilling partisan agendas. In the case of state television and
radio, legal safeguards were also readily available. Herman and Chomsky </span>point
out: “the dominant media firms are quite large businesses; they are controlled
by very wealthy people or by managers who are subject to sharp constraints by
owners and other market-profit-oriented forces” (14). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The Associated Newspapers of Ceylon Limited (ANCL) was a previously
successful family run newspaper enterprise. It was “nationalised” by the Prime Minister,
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Bandaranayake, of the Sri Lanka Freedom
Party (SLFP) in 1973 with the then government taking over 75% of its shares,
stating intention to broad-base ownership of the company by distribution of
shares amongst the public but it was not done. The aim was to curtail its
support to the rival main party, UNP. From then onwards, it functions as the
mouthpiece of the government in power. When the United National Party (UNP) was
in power in 1987, they were forced to construct a positive representation of
the Indian intervention like the JR government which was forced to enter into
the Indo-Lanka Agreement. But the Sinhala readership was against the Agreement.
However, later, J.R Jayawardene, the Sri Lankan President, manipulated the
intervention climate to go against the Tamil militants and the Tamils. The
young Indian Prime Minister and the Indian policy makers on Sri Lanka became
‘the victims’ to the political shrewdness of J.R. Jayawardene’s experience; in
consequence, the Tamil militants and Tamils have become the victims. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<u><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">The
Daily News and the Sunday Observer</span></u><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> indirectly and ideologically adheres to cultural
nationalism. Based on the research on <u>Ethnic Conflict and International
Relations in the Editorials of Sri Lankan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>English Newspapers: a Discourse<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Analysis</u>,<b> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b></span><span lang="EN-GB">it represents the party in power first and then gives priority to
the government position but overtly it constructs ‘constitutional nationalism’(Gnanaseelan,
175-185). It invites the Tamils and the International Community to reach a
hybrid solution both militarily and politically imposed: it can be either
centralized or ‘de-centralized’ power devolution while taking care of ‘the
elimination of terrorism and secessionism’ (Gnanaseelan, 175-185). The
newspaper group’s position had been always confusing and ambiguous through out
the peace process because it had come under the control of both the major
governments of alliance: UNF and UFPA. In this post-war situation, it is almost
silent about devolution and is always vocal about development. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">When the UNP government signed the CFA agreement with the militants
in 2002, it strongly supported the intervention of the international community.
The other newspapers expressed many complications and implications of the
intervention. It constructed a binary position: intervention versus
interference. Later, when the Rajapakse-led SLFP took over the regime in 2006,
it started to express the same, for, it goes with the Chomsky’s idea in </span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Media Control</span></u><span lang="EN-GB"> that ‘propaganda
is to a democracy what the bludgeon is to a totalitarian state’ (20).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Herman</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> in “<u>The Propaganda Model: A Retrospective”</u> states
that t</span><span lang="EN-GB">he dramatic changes in the economy, the
communications industries, and politics over the past dozen years have tended
on balance to enhance the applicability of the propaganda model (101-12). The first
two filters – ownership and advertising – have become even more important. The
Sinhala ownership and Sinhala readership have given the trust for upholding the
ideologies.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">However, the private media’s situation was different from the state
press. <u>The Island</u> Group (27 years- </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">World Press Trends, 2000)</span><span lang="EN-GB"> was and has been owned by the relatives of the major party leaders,
mainly the SLFP. They are said to be the most "scrutinizing" and very
‘nationalistic’ in character and widely read newspapers. Though the ownership
had links with the SLFP, it follows a neutral approach to the party politics. However,
its construction of the Indian intervention in 1987 and international
intervention in 2002 was so negative and not to the liking of the international
community or India. It is said to be the propaganda organ of ethnonationalism
but overtly it constructs ‘the constitutional nationalism’ in ‘preserving the
state sovereignty and security in the ethnic conflict resolution and
reconciliation process’ and comments on the role of the International Community
solely within this framework. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">It persuades ultimately for a centralized power or governance system
and elimination of ‘terrorism’ through a militarily imposed solution. This
trend reflects Chomsky’s idea in</span><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></i><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Necessary
Illusions: Thought Control in Democratic Societies</span></u><span lang="EN-GB">
that the owners and managers or<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>commentators ‘belong to the same privileged elites, and might be
expected to share the perceptions, aspirations, and attitudes of their
associates, reflecting their own class interests as well’. Journalists also
should ‘conform to these ideological pressures, generally by internalizing the
values’ and ‘those who fail to conform will tend to be weeded out by familiar
mechanisms’ (8).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Wijeya Newspapers Ltd (Formerly the Times Group) was started by Ranjit
Wijewardane in 1979. A family link was established between the Upali Group and
the Times Group; it is considered as the most "independent" and, it
is said to be the most "daring" one in publishing the issues of
national security and national harmony.</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> It also runs only English and
Sinhala newspapers for 38 years. Like the Upali group, the Wijeya group too
took a neutral stand on party politics. However, it is slightly more critical
of the SLFP than the UNP. It could be traced to the ownership relations with
the latter. It was highly critical of the Indian intervention in 1987 but later
took a pro-Indian stand when India
banned the Tamil militants. Generally it welcomed the international
intervention in 2002 but whenever the International Community seemed to
recognize the Tamil militants and was sympathetic to the grievances and
political rights of the Tamils and expected a federal solution to the crisis,
the institution was critical of it developing the binary: federalism versus
unitarism. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></i><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">The Sunday Times and Daily Mirror</span></u><span lang="EN-GB"> has been considered as the most tolerable one. It constructs
‘constitutional nationalism’ in ‘preserving the state sovereignty and security
in the Ethnic conflict resolution process’ and commented on the negative role
of the International Community. Finally with or without the assistance of the
International community it seeks a politically imposed solution: A pseudo
‘de-centralization of power’ and elimination of secessionism. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Leader Publications Ltd published <u><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">the Sunday Leader</span></u> </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(15 years) </span><span lang="EN-GB">by an
independent group called Leader Publications. It is more critical of the SLFP government
and many news items are inclined towards UNP; earlier it was considered as the
most "party-based" newspaper in publishing the issues of rivalry of
national party politics. It was also highly critical of the Indian intervention
in 1987 and after the ban of the militants, undertook propaganda to get Indian
assistance in neutralizing the militants rather than in devolving the power to
the Tamils in the Northeast and in recognizing the areas as their homeland. It
welcomed the international intervention in 2002 because the inviter was the UNP
but later, like other two private owned newspapers groups, began to criticize
the overindulgence and pro-Tamil approach of the International Community. First
it focuses on the party needs and then constructs ‘constitutional nationalism’.
It supports conflict intervention to find a solution, the ‘de-centralization of
power’ and elimination of secessionism through both military and political
imposition . Chomsky highlighted it in his statement: ‘the media serve the
interests of state and corporate power, which are closely interlinked, framing
their reporting and analysis in a manner supportive of established privilege
and limiting debate and discussion accordingly’ (10). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">When it comes to Tamil Dailies & Weeklies, </span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Thinakkural</span></u><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (20
years) is owned by Thinakkural Daily publishers , <u>Veerakesari</u> (29 years)
by the Express Group, and <u>Sudaroli</u> (15 years), and <u>Udayan</u> (24) by
Udayan Publishers. All the chief editors are Tamils. It is natural that they
all expressed a positive representation of the Indian intervention in 1987.But
later when the IPKF turned against the militants and Tamils, they began to
criticize the Indian approach not the intervention, for, the Tamil press has
always been positive about an Indian intervention because of the support and
sympathy<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>from Tamil Nadu. They welcomed
the International intervention in 2002 as well. Being the media of minority
representation, they were always positive about any international intervention.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The second filter highlights the influence of advertising values on the
news production process, for, Chomsky says that ‘like other businesses, [the
media] sell a product to buyers. Their market is advertisers, and the
"product" is audiences’ (7). To remain financially viable, most media
must sell markets (readers) to buyers (advertisers). This dependency can directly
influence media performance. Chomsky in </span><i><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Manufacturing
Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media</span></u></i><span lang="EN-GB"> (8) remarks that media content naturalizes, reflecting ‘the
perspectives and interests of the sellers, the buyers, and the product’ (see
also Herman, in </span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Myth of the Liberal Media: An Edward Herman Reader</span></u><span lang="EN-GB">). The ANCL publications being government newspapers still are said
to be the most widely read newspapers, due its advertisements and notices
covering the educational, employment and government departmental information.
Thus, the political ideologies of the party in power in matters of conflict and
intervention were the ideologies of the media institution’s propaganda. It
reached the international, Sinhala and Tamil readership largely because it ran
the English papers, <u>Sunday Observer</u> and t</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">he <u>Daily News</u>
(92 years), the</span><span lang="EN-GB"> Sinhala newspaper, </span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dinamina</span></u><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (97 years) and the
Tamil newspaper, <u><span style="color: black;">Thinakaran</span></u><span style="color: black;"> (73 years) as well. Unfortunately the private media could
not compete with the State media in advertising business.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, the ideologically based propaganda
was the prime attraction which made the newspapers sell substantially. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The Sri Lankan media is generally against the internationalization
of the conflict and international intervention. They project an <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">aggressor versus victim frame in the International
Community-Sri Lanka relations.</span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-GB">The media appreciates it when the international
community acts against the militants and Tamil Diaspora internationally and
criticizes when the international community intervenes in the ethnic conflict
resolution and insists on refraining from the military approach. Chomsky in </span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Media Control</span></u><span lang="EN-GB"> says: ‘the
point of public relations slogans like "Support our troops" is that
they don't mean anything... that's the whole point of good propaganda. You want
to create a slogan that nobody's going to be against, and everybody's going to
be for. Nobody knows what it means, because it doesn't mean anything. Its
crucial value is that it diverts your attention from a question that does mean
something: Do you support our policy? That's the one you're not allowed to talk
about (26). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB">They accuse the international community on their ‘double standards’
in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>global war on terror versus Sri Lankan war on
the Tamil militants</i> and in<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>approaching domestic versus
international<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>terrorism. </i>It goes
well with Chomsky’s statement in </span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Necessary Illusions</span></u><span lang="EN-GB"> with regard to the US: ‘the United States has no principled opposition
to democratic forms, as long as the climate for business operations is
preserved’ (111). The Sri Lankan media takes advantage of the US double standards in
international relations and interventions to criticize the conflict situation.
The media suppresses the human rights violations of the government and its
armed forces and foreground ‘crushing terrorism’. This approach tallies with
Chomsky’s attribution of the USA:
‘if the enemies of democracy are not "Communists," then they are
"terrorists"; still better, "Communist terrorists," or
terrorists supported by International Communism. The rise and decline of
international terrorism in the 1980s provides much insight into "the
utility of interpretations." (113). Thus in Sri Lanka the media supports governments
and the international community resolve the conflicts militarily or with the
minimum devolution which does not affect the majoritarian nationalist interests.
They oppose when the fighting minorities win their political rights or maximum
devolution. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The media appreciates when the international community acts against
the militants and Tamil nationalists nationally and assists the State militarily
and economically; they criticize when the international community advocates a
political solution fair to the Tamils by refraining from the military approach
and when the international community treats both the government and militants as
equals. Chomsky in <u>Media Control</u> relates this situation to his idea that
‘hypocrites are those who apply to others the standards that they refuse to
accept for themselves (77). The media appreciate it when the International Non-governmental
Organizations (INGOs) assist the South in economic development and humanitarian
services but the media criticize when the INGOs assist the northeast
rehabilitation programs as the fund was going into the hands of the militants
and when the international community criticized the armed forces and the
government. This goes well with Chomsky’s statement in </span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Necessary
Illusions</span></u><span lang="EN-GB"> that a solicitous concern for democracy
and human rights may go hand in hand with tolerance for large-scale slaughter,
or direct participation in it (108).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">In
accordance with the same principles, it is natural that vast outrage should be
evoked by the terror of the Pol Pot regime, while reporters in Phnom Penh in
1973, when the U.S. bombing of populated areas of rural Cambodia had reached
its peak, should ignore the testimony of the hundreds of thousands of refugees
before their eyes. Such selective perception guarantees that little is known
about the scale and character of these U.S. atrocities, though enough is known to
indicate that they may have been comparable to those attributable to the Khmer
Rouge at the time when the chorus of indignation swept the West in 1977, and
that they contributed significantly to the rise, and probably the brutality, of
the Khmer Rouge (108).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The third filter notes that dominant elites routinely facilitate the
news-gathering process: providing press releases, advance copies of speeches,
periodicals, photo opportunities and ready-for-news analysis (Herman and
Chomsky 19). Thus, government and corporate sources are attractive to the media
for purely economic reasons. Such sources are favoured and are routinely
endorsed and legitimized by the media because they are recognizable and are viewed
as prima facie credible. Information provided to the media by corporate and
state sources does not require fact checking or costly background research and
is typically portrayed as accurate. A similar situation has been prevalent in Sri Lanka
on conflict intervention and governance issues. However, they are attractive not
for purely economic reasons but for political as well as ideological ones. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black;">The Sri Lankan media have historically been
divided along ethnic lines, a trend which dates back to colonial times. According
to International Centre for Ethnic Studies in </span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;">The Reconciliation survey</span></u><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black;"> <u>Report</u>, in 1860s, a number of reactionary Sinhala
publications such as <u><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Lanka Lokaya</span></u><i>,
</i><u><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Lakmini Pahana</span></u><i> </i>and
<u><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Sandaresa</span></u><i> </i>were
started, taking a distinctly Sinhala-Buddhist stance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This religious and cultural focus could also be
seen in the Tamil media of the time. In the 1950s, the media played a
significant role in bringing the “Sinhala only” policy. The media have always
projected a discourse of resistance to conflict resolution and intervention. The
Sinhala elites occupy prominent positions in the public and private sectors.
They recognize the ordinary Sinhala mass only for commenting on the negative
consequences of terrorism and war, not the causes of the conflict or solutions.
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Importantly, the editors incorporate preferred meanings into news
discourse, originated from official sources identified as ‘experts’. Thus, news
discourse ‘may be skewed in the direction desired by the elites, the government
and “the market”’ (the Sinhala mass) (Herman and Chomsky 23). Concurrently, the
‘preferred’ meanings structured into news discourse are typically ‘those that
are functional for elites’.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Flak, the fourth filter, means that dominant social institutions
(most notably the state) possess the power and requisite organizational
resources to pressure media to play a propagandist role in society. Herman and
Chomsky explain that: Flak refers to negative responses to a media statement or
program. . . . It may be organized centrally or locally, or it may consist of
the entirely independent actions of individuals (26). In sum, the authors
maintain that there are powerful interests that routinely encourage right-wing
bias in media. (27–8).<span style="color: black;"> The monopoly of the media by
successive governments affected the reporting of the conflict. However, there
is no state control over the privately owned newspapers, except under emergency
or Prevention of Terrorism Act censorship when they are in force.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The policies, activities and achievements of governments get
publicity only through the Press. It can help influence people with diversified,
even opposing ideologies. Religion, language, and culture play an important role
in the actions and policies of the government and also the other Political
parties. Inevitably, newspapers get linked to political parties, ethnic
communities and regions. This is evident in Sri Lanka as well. History has
shown Presidents and Prime Ministers attempting to control the press. Mrs.
Sirimavo Bandaranaike, took over the Lake House (<u>The Daily News & The Sunday
Observer</u>). Almost at the same time the Sun Group of newspapers was sealed,
while the Times Group was manoeuvred into bankruptcy. Late Mr. J.R. Jayawardena
brought the notorious Parliamentary Privileges Act, which placed the media
directly under the control of Parliament. Mr. Ranasinghe Premadasa did not
depend on subtle tactics. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>President Chandrikka Bandaranaike
Kumaratunge's (CBK) latest move followed the tradition controlling independent
dissemination of news in the media. In setting up the Policy Research and
Information Unit (PRIU), the government was in effect restricting access to information
about the government as well as the forces. She, in addition to her various
responsibilities as Minister of Finance, Minister of Defence and
Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, is also the Chief Editor of the Government
Media. Since governments know the power of the media, as an ideological
apparatus, they prefer to use it for achieving their ends. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The fifth filter is ‘anti-communism’ as a national religion and
control mechanism. <span style="color: black;">The tail end of 2003 saw the re-emergence
of a strong Buddhist nationalist agenda within the mainstream politics. This
was reflected in the Sinhala language media. It was particularly evident in the
attention given to the Jathika Hela Urumaya (JHU), a party that fielded
Buddhist monks in the general election campaign in April 2004 for the first
time in Sri Lanka’s
history. According to Centre for Policy Alternatives, in </span></span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Monitoring of Media Coverage,</span></u><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black;"> <i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i>the Media
Monitor points out: “Sri Lankan newspapers of the three language media cater to
sets of individuals who inhabit different worlds and espouse different
worldviews. Though the island is small, yet the gulf that separates these
language groups appears to be ever-widening, particularly between the Tamil
readership and the rest” (5). This is similar to what </span><span lang="EN-GB">Chomsky
in <u>Media Control</u> says about the US media making propaganda for the US
international intervention: ‘it is ... necessary to whip up the population in
support of foreign adventures. Usually the population is pacifist, just like
they were during the First World War. The public sees no reason to get involved
in foreign adventures, killing, and torture. So you have to whip them up. And
to whip them up you have to frighten them’ (30).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According
to the Centre for Policy Alternatives (CPA), the Sri Lankan media of all three
languages were monitored by the CPA Media Unit from March to August 2004. A study<b>
</b><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">of the Oslo Declaration jointly
made by the government and the militants<b> </b></span>demonstrates the
politico-ideological divide between the communities. On 05 December 2002, the government
and the militants agreed to explore a political solution within the framework
of a federal political system during the third round of talks. Most of the
Sinhala private newspapers were not positive in their response whereas all the
Tamil newspapers were positive. The government run newspapers like t<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">he <u>Ceylon Daily News</u> and the<u> Sunday
Observer</u> and the pro-UNP government newspaper the<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i><u>Sunday Leader</u> were positive. But the rest of the private run
newspapers by the Sinhalese like <u>The Island</u> and <u>The Sunday Times</u>
were not. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The filters continuously interact with one another and operate on an
individual and institutional basis (Herman and Chomsky, 2; Rai, 40). They say
that the filter constraints excise the news that powerful interests deem not
fit to print.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The papers generally comment on the manner of “the root causes”, “the
legitimate grievances and injustices of the Tamils”, “the perceptions of the
Sinhala community”, and “the importance of the southern consensus” from their
ideological affiliations. They balance the Sinhala ‘isms’ with the Tamil
‘isms’. The media lay stress on the former but silenced the latter,
highlighting the moral frame: the affected versus the aggressor. Both the <u>Leader</u>
and <u>News</u> use the discourse themes such as “preserving democracy”, “pluralism”,
“tolerance in finding the solution”’, “inclusion of opposition opinion”, “agreement
as the outcome of the negotiation”, and “negotiations and compromises to construct
the impartial nature of the media in their comment on the national as well as
international political universals”.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The <u>Island</u> recollects the resistance
to federal system from 1958 and “the rejection of federalism”. But no such
federal proposal was given to the Tamils. It was only a media-invented event.
Both the <u>Island</u> and <u>News</u> always remind readers of “the JVP (Janatha
Vimukthi Peramuna) and JHU opposition” to the peace talk “the hurdles and
obstacles”. The <u>Island</u> criticizes the militants’
violations of the 13th Amendment (the Provincial Council System), Sinhalese resistance
to the 13th amendment. All the four newspapers comment in their respective ways
on the “contradictory” nature of the policies of the two major parties on the issue,
of their party rivalry in general and of their leaders’ power struggle<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i>and consensus and cohabitation<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">.</i> They “insist” on a bipartisan approach
“reaching southern consensus” while the media could not reach a consensus on “a
fair solution”. It thus foregrounds that it was only the Sinhala politicians,
not the whole community or the pan-Sinhala Buddhist nationalists who are
responsible for the on-going conflict.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB">Conclusion</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The Sinhala Press played a major role in sharpening the ethnic
conflict as it showed narrow nationalistic assumptions. The first filter of concentrated
ownership played a strong role in determining or deterring the international
intervention and conflict resolution. The second filter of advertising as the primary
income source of the mass media played a minimum role because the significance
of the issue goes beyond mere profitability. It is deeply ideological and
attitudinal; the third filter of the reliance of the media on information
provided by government, business, and ‘experts’ is applicable but it is the
choice of the media and it is intentional, not unintentional as Herman and
Chomsky point out on the third filter; for the model says that the media can
follow the positions of the state, institutions and elites unconsciously as
they have been mechanized by these filters for a long time. The fourth filter
of ‘flak’ as a means of disciplining the media is considerably true especially
in matters of commenting on the Sri Lankan Forces’ war against the militants
and Tamil nationalists and the victimization of the Tamils by the Sri Lankan
military operations; however, reporting on the conflict resolution and
intervention, the media consciously distort the facts. The fifth filter of
‘anti-communism’ as a national religion and control mechanism is very pervasive
and persistent here in the form of ‘anti-terrorism’ and ‘anti-federalism’. Finally
Chomsky in <u>Media Control</u> says: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Pick the topic you like: the Middle East, international terrorism,
Central America, whatever it is—the picture of the world that's presented to
the public has only the remotest relation to reality. The truth of the matter
is buried under edifice after edifice of lies upon lies. It's all been a
marvellous success from the point of view in deterring the threat of democracy,
achieved under conditions of freedom, which is extremely interesting. It's not
like a totalitarian state, where it's done by force. These achievements are
under conditions of freedom (37).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: 26.95pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB">There
has been always subtle forms of construction for a solution within the unitary
constitution of Sri Lanka
due to their ethno-centrist and cultural nationalist’ positions. All the
newspapers foreground the elimination of terrorism and give priority to it. The
self-serving partisan nature of the editorials is clearly ideological, and
articulated along the fundamental ideological divide between the Sinhalese and
the Tamils at the community level. All levels and dimensions of the discursive
structures of the article express, with some variations, this basic fundamental
ethnic divide.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Times; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black;">Reference</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Centre for Policy Alternatives. <i><u>Monitoring
of Media Coverage:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Final Report</u></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">,</span> 2004.Kandy. 13 January2009 <http://www.cpalanka.org/research_papers/2004_GE_Media_Monitoring_Report.pdf></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Chomsky,
Noam. <i><u>Necessary Illusions: Thought Control in Democratic Societies</u></i>.
Toronto: CBC Enterprises, 1989</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">---.
Interview with David Barsamian. <i><u>Propaganda and the Public Mind:
Conversations with Noam Chomsky</u>.</i> South End Press, 2001</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">---.
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u>Media Control</u>, </i>Seven Stories
Press, 2002</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fairclough,
Norman. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u>Language and Power</u></i>,
Longman, 1989</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">---. <i><u>Critical discourse analysis. The critical study of
language</u></i>. London: Longman, 1995a.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">---. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u>Media Discourse</u></i>,
Edward Arnold: London,1995b.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Gnanaseelan,
Jeyaseelan. </span><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ethnic
Conflict and International Relations in the Editorials of Sri Lankan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>English Newspapers: a Discourse<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Analysis. Unpublished PhD Thesis. University
of Madras, India. 2009. </span></u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hennayake,
Shantha.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“The Peace Accord and the
Tamils in Sri Lanka.”
<i>Asian Survey </i>29, no. 4, 1989.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Herman,
Edward and Noam Chomsky. <i><u>Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of
the Mass Media</u>. </i>New York: Pantheon, 1989. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Herman,
Edward. <i><u>The Myth of the Liberal Media: An Edward Herman Reader</u></i>.
New York: Peter Lang, 1999.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">---.
‘The Propaganda Model: A Retrospective’, <i>Journalism Studies </i>1(1):
101–12. 2000.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>International Centre for Ethnic
Studies. <i>The survey data</i>: Kandy, 1995/96.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Media Monitor, Vol. 1, Issue 1, June 1997,
quoted in </span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Media
and Conflict in Sri Lanka, Paper by Mr. Sanjana Hattotuwa <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Centre for Policy Alternatives, Colombo, U.S.
Institute of Peace, Washington, DC, 2003: 5 </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>http://www.cpalanka.org/wp-content/uploads/2007/8/media_and_conflict.pdfPonambalam,
Satchi. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u>Srilanka: The National
Question and the Tamil Liberation struggle</u></i>. London: Zed Books, 1983. Accessed
18 Sep. 2007.</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times-Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><http://www.tamilnation.org/books/Eelam/satchi_ponnambalam.htm#1.3_The_National_Question_></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rai,
Milan. <i><u>Chomsky’s Politics</u>. </i>New York: Verso, 1995</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Van Dijk, Teun.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><u>Discourse
and inequality</u>, Modern Linguistics. 21 (1994), 19-37 </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><</span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="http://www.discourses.org/OldArticles/Discourse%20and%20inequality.pdf">http://www.discourses.org/OldArticles/Discourse%20and%20inequality.pdf</a>></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Van Dijk, Teun.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i><u>Racism
and the press</u></i>. London: Routledge, 1991.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 4.5pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">---.
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ideological Discourse Analysis. </i></span><i><span lang="ES" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">New Courant. </span></i><span lang="ES" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">English
Dept, University of Helsinki. 4 (1995), 135-161. </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1995d. </span><span lang="ES" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Special issue <i>Interdisciplinary approaches to
Discourse Analysis </i>, ed. by Eija Ventola and Anna Solin.</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">World Press Trends. 2000: 23
May 2008. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Times; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><a href="http://www.ukeditors.com/articles/2000/August/News163.html"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">http://www.ukeditors.com/articles/2000/August/News163.html</span></a> </span><br />
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Times; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><br /></span>jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-12212954318350007012013-07-23T00:39:00.000-07:002013-07-23T00:39:27.619-07:00The Errors in the Use of Article in Business Letter Writing in English: A CaseStudy of the Business Management Students of Vavuniya Campus, Sri Lanka<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>TA</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
<w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
<w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
<w:Word11KerningPairs/>
<w:CachedColBalance/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;}
table.MsoTableGrid
{mso-style-name:"Table Grid";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-priority:59;
mso-style-unhide:no;
border:solid black 1.0pt;
mso-border-themecolor:text1;
mso-border-alt:solid black .5pt;
mso-border-themecolor:text1;
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-border-insideh:.5pt solid black;
mso-border-insideh-themecolor:text1;
mso-border-insidev:.5pt solid black;
mso-border-insidev-themecolor:text1;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/246547124_The_Errors_in_the_Use_of_Article_in_Business_Letter_Writing_in_English_A_Case_Study_of_the_Business_Management_Students_of_Vavuniya_Campus_Sri_Lanka" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">The Errors in the Use of Article in Business Letter Writing in English: A CaseStudy of the Business Management Students of Vavuniya Campus, Sri Lanka</span></b></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Jeyaseelan Gnanaseelan </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">English Language Teaching Unit, Vavuniya campus of
the University of Jaffna, Park Road, Vavuniya, Sri Lanka</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Abstract</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">This paper investigates the errors in
the use of articles in business letter writing in English. It is a case study
of the Business Management Students of Vavuniya Campus, University of Jaffna in
Sri Lanka. The study classifies the errors and analyzes the implications in the
linguistic and discourse structures of the genre in relation to the mental
schema acquired in the past. The written texts were collected from a systematic
examination. The qualitative analysis dominates the methodology with some
relevant quantitative data. It contributes to the explanation of the errors of Sri
Lankan students.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Key
words: </span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">article,
error, sequence, absence, addition<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Introduction</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">In Sri Lanka, the appropriate or
acceptable use of articles in English writing or in business English writing
has not been well-organized. The importance given to information has brought
the importance given to language to a secondary position. Due to the gradual expansion
of the corporate sector, Sri Lankan business communication is becoming more international.
Depending exclusively on the use of a native language or the native languages
for business communication has delimited the business opportunities and
investments within the country and abroad. Realizing<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>this inevitable need for business
communication in English, all the universities in Sri Lanka conducting degree
courses in Management, Commerce, Finance and Accountancy, have incorporated
English for business communication and Business English as a credit course,
integral to their Degree programme. The Faculty of Business Studies of the
Vavuniya Campus of the University of Jaffna also conducts English for Business
Communication for the second year students of the Bachelor of Business Management
programme (BBM) consecutively for two semesters allocating 30 hours per
semester. Business letter writing is one of the key genres in training their
business English writing skills. Therefore, a proper understanding of the language
structure of business English is necessary, especially of the use of
articles.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: -5.05pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Researches by Sri Lankan
scholars identified a vacuum for proper letter writing skills active in
practice. The indifference towards the proper use of articles in letter writing
is another drawback. This study may contribute to the ideational, textual,
inter-textual and interpersonal understanding of the errors under analysis. It
is highly imperative to investigate the use of articles in the discourse of
business communication. This paper relates the use of articles to the writing
of the Sri Lankan university students in improving the writing skill. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Theoretical Background</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Sri Lankan students, like all other writers of English as second language,
make mistakes or errors in three key aspects in the writing in English: the
choice of tense and aspect, the subject and verb agreements, and the use of
articles (Miller, 2005). The use of articles has become the most problematic
matter </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(García
mayo, 2008, cited in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Isabelli-García and
Slough, 2012</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">) and the causes have been studied (Trenkic, 2007, cited
in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Isabelli-García and Slough, 2012</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">). </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Articles are among the five most common words in the English language
(Master, 2002, p.332). So the errors in this area are highly noticeable to the native
speakers (Miller, 2005). According to Miller, many from Asian countries
consider it as their most frequent language problem. It is really challenging
to our students because this system is not available in the native languages. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">The efficient use of articles in English definitely proves the mastery of
the language but the native speakers may not realize the complexities of the
system because of their natural acquisition and unconscious use<b>. </b>According
to<b> </b>Hewson (1972, p.132, cited in Miller, 2005), the English article
system is a “psychomechanism”. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The errors
in the use of articles do not disrupt intelligibility so many learners may feel
it as a matter of secondary importance (Master, 1997, p.216). But it is not so
in academic or business writing which demands the use of correct article. The
poor use may give the impression to the readers that the writer is not only
competent in the use of language but of the subject matter as well. Learners
“use articles almost randomly” (Butler, 2002, p.452). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Definiteness, Particularity and countability of the nouns determine the
article use. However, there are some challenges or exceptions to the rules. In
the native languages, some nouns may be made plural but not in English. In
Tamil, <i>thahavalhal</i> (informations ?) is plural. According to Quirk and
Greenbaum, a noun can be made countable by using it in a classificatory sense
(1973, p.61). <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">The native language, Tamil contain definiteness but this is not conveyed by
the use of articles, as it is in English but by other determiners, pronouns and
demonstratives. The definite article refers the object or person or entity as a
member of a ‘shared set’ and instructs him/her to find the right set and relate
the referent to it” (Hawkins, 1978, p.130). Bickerton explains definiteness as
“presumed known to the listener” and “indefiniteness as presumed unknown to the
listener” (1981, p.147). The indefinite article, <i>a </i>or <i>an</i>, is
slightly less problematic, determined by singular, countable nouns. They are
used with nouns not been mentioned before, and with generic nouns. Master
suggests that it may also be used with uncountable nouns for a
“boundary-creating effect”, as in “a high-grade steel” (a kind of steel which
is of good quality). Students find it difficult to identify a noun as countable
and its use in a countable or uncountable sense (Master, 1997, p.218-225). At
the beginning of the learning process, students may ‘overuse the definite
article, even following instruction on its use, but that this will eventually
be remedied (Liu and Gleason, 2002, p.16). The use of <i>the </i>may be generic
or non-generic. Some functional uses of the definite article are comparatively
more difficult (Master, 1995). The categorizations of the non-generic definite
article </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">are
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">identified with the four categories: cultural, situation, structural, and
textual (Isabelli-García and Slough, 2012). The latter uses are the most
difficult due to their “cultural use” (ibid. p.5).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Methodology</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: -5.05pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
methodology is qualitative and quantitative. It is a textual analytical
approach under applied linguistics. It analyzes a business letter writing
exercise in English by the second year students of the BBM programme of the
Faculty of Business Studies of the Vavuniya Campus. </span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: black; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: TA;">During a Business English test, as a part of the test,
the students were asked to write “a letter of complaint</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> to the Branch Manager of the Ceylon
Electricity Board of their district regarding power cuts. As a customer and
consumer of electricity power supply in their respective area, over the last
three months, they have experienced severe, unscheduled, sudden and prolonged
power cuts which have caused immense difficulties in managing day to day life
in the area”. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: -5.05pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
primary data were the written works of these students in response to a single
question on business letter writing in English. The texts from 84 students were
collected </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">in the corpus which had been written in an examination.
They </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">were
referred for authentic structural, textual and linguistic errors on the
specified issues.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> An error analysis of the use of articles in
the discourse of business letters was conducted. The extracts have been given
in their original, authentic forms with all the errors the students made.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Results and Discussions</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Error
Analysis</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
errors in the use of articles have been listed below. There are six types
identified. The codes have been assigned for each error type for the analysis. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The number code given within the
brackets at the end of each extracted sentence refers the student who made the
error. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
error types, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Article Adverb
Combination Error [AACE], Definite Article Use Error [DAUE] and Article Quantifier
Sequence Error [AQSE] were made by less than 5% of the students. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Article - Adverb
Combination Error <span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>[AACE]<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>In <u>a shortly</u> we
have experienced immense difficulties in managing day to day life in the area. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(22)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In the extract
(22) given above, the writer intends to synthesize or inductively conclude, <i>in
brief, the power cut has caused us immense difficulties in managing day to day
life in the area</i>. Though the analyst distinguishes only one type of error,
AACE, here the errors are multiple and embedded. Strangely, in this extract, a
combined sequence of preposition-article-adverb is used for the standard
transition forms, for instance, a preposition-noun sequence <i>(in brief</i>)
or a singly adverb form <i>(briefly</i>) or a preposition-article-noun
sequence, <i>i</i></span><i><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">n a few words</span></i><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> or </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">an adverb-present participial combination
form (<i>briefly speaking</i>). Therefore it is inferred that the student might
have felt confused about the schema s/he had in the mind about the first three
standard forms s/he had been exposed to in the past and came up with the error
form, <i>in a shortly</i>. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Definite Article Use
Error<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>[DAUE]<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>we
meet <u>the more difficulties. </u>(17)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This error is
very common among the students. Sri Lankan students often make errors in the
use of the definite article, <i>the</i> generally. The native languages do not
have this distinct closed grammatical word form but they make use of the other determiners
and demonstratives as substitutes. However, the native languages have the substitutes
for the indefinite form, <i>a</i> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>or <i>an</i>.
In English, the formation of the noun phrases, <i>the difficulties</i>
(article-noun), <i>more difficulties</i> (comparative form-noun) and <i>the
most difficulties</i> (article-superlative form-noun) are possible. Therefore,
again, it is inferred that the student might have felt confused about the
schema s/he had in the mind about these three standard forms s/he had been
exposed to in the past and came up with the error form, <i>the more
difficulties </i>(article-comparative form-noun).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Article - Quantifier
Sequence Error<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>[AQSE]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The
situation has reduced the activities of <u>the all people</u>. (07) </span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This error is
very common among the students. Though Sri Lankan students are familiar with
the noun phrase, <i>all the people</i> (quantifier or universal determiner-article-noun),
there is always the possibility among the beginners of English language writing
to make this type of sequence error which reveals their ambiguity in defining
the functional use of the two descriptive or modifying forms in proper sequence
resulting in <i>the all people. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The errors,
Article Addition Error [AAE] and Indefinite Article Choice Error [IACE] were
made by around 6% of the students. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Article Addition Error<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>
<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>[AAE]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Day
to day, our area faces <u>the many problems</u>. (24)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>please
consider this situation and I think you will find out <u>the this situation</u>.
(36)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 75.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.4pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>We request kindly
please consider <u>the this complaint</u> and resolve <u>the our area problem</u>.
(54)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">In
English, articles, demonstratives, and possessive
determiners cannot co-occur in the same phrase. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The writer No. 24 has unnecessarily
used the article, <i>the,</i> in the noun phrase,<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> the many problems </i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">(article-quantifier
or degree determiner or pronoun-noun). The students are familiar with </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">many problems </i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">or </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">the problems </i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">but the schema related to these two forms
have caused the confusion to combine them as such. Perhaps the writer might
have felt to assert both functions: particularity and multiplicity because No.
36 and No. 54 have also used the same pattern, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">the this situation</i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> and</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> the this complaint</i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> but the former could be a careless mistake
too since s/he has already written, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">this
situation</i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">. However, the
combination, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">the our area problem</i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> (article-possessive determiner or pronoun-noun-noun)
is not acceptable.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 75.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.4pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>When we came home <u>after
the finishing our work</u> at the work place, there was suddenly power cut.
(50)</span></i></div>
<div class="style29" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">This
error has a different pattern in this expression, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">after the finishing our work </span></i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">(preposition -article-present
participial verb form or gerund-possessive determiner or pronoun-noun).
Generally, </span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">The –ing form can be used like
a noun, like an adjective or like a verb. When it is used like a noun, it may
or may not have an article before it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
can also be part of a 'noun phrase',<span style="background: white; color: #006699;">
</span><i><span style="background: white;">finishing</span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> our work. </i>In formal English, a
possessive with the –ing form can be used. In informal English, many people do
not, for example, <i>I'm worried about her boycotting the meeting </i>(preposition-possessive
determiner or pronoun-<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> present
participial verb-noun phrase)<i>.</i></span><span style="color: #006699;"> </span>As
an adjective, the –ing form can be used before a noun and an article, <i>I was
met by a welcoming party at the school </i>(<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">(preposition -article-present participial verb-noun phrase)<i>. </i></span>The
–ing form is used after prepositions, for example, <i>Before leaving, you need
to speak to her</i> but a combination of <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">article-present
participial verb-possessive determiner or pronoun-noun is not possible. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></div>
<div class="style29" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>please consider <u>the
our problems</u> and take <u>a best solution</u> very soon and I kindly request
to do <u>the best solution</u> and we hope you will create <u>the best schedule</u>
and reduce <u>the sudden power cuts</u>. (57)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Surprisingly this writer has used both the indefinite and definite
articles with the superlative adjectival forms:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a best solution, the best solution, </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">and </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the best schedule.</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> First, it should be reminded that these
expressions may not be classified as errors at all. Generally, the </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">superlative can
only accept the definite article but using it with the indefinite article is
also possible and causes multiple interpretations. The noun phrase, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a best solution, </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">can
be claimed as ungrammatical too. What this implies is that there are a number of
excellent solutions of which the writer asks the reader to choose one. Sometimes
this does not seem as a superlative construction but as an intensifier or as an
‘absolute superlative’. One cannot say which is the most excellent; they are
all in the same degree. Therefore "<i>a</i>" is used instead of
"<i>the</i>". Whereas, <i>the</i></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> best solution,</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">the ‘relative
superlative’, the usual form gives the comparative idea- the one and only, <i>the
best</i>. The second expression, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the best schedule, </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">gives the
same comparative idea of the relative superlative. The last expression, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the sudden power cuts, </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">indicates particularity. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 0in 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 75.05pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -70.4pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><u>As a last three
months</u>, (we have experienced) electricity power supply cuts (in) our area.
(75)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This expression,</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> as a last three months,</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> intended as
an adverbial modifier, has a combined sequence of preposition-indefinite
article-cardinal numeral-noun. The students are familiar with <i>for the last
three months</i> or <i>over the last three months</i> (preposition-definite
article- cardinal numeral-noun) and at the same time, they are familiar with
the expressions, <i>as a result</i>, <i>as a last resort, as a last attempt</i>
and <i>over a period of three months.</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>These forms in their mental schema might have caused the confusion to
produce this form of error. This writer has not only erred on the wrong use of
preposition, <i>as, </i>s/he has committed the number disagreement in</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> a last three months</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (indefinite article-plural noun)<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">. </i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Indefinite Article Choice
Error <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>[IACE]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -31.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I
hope you would consider about this letter and take <u>a action</u> to solving
this problems. (27)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I have <u>a
internet</u> café at my residence. (60)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Please
kindly take a action for this problem. (67)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The mother tongue
structure easily makes the students ignore the distinction between <i>a</i> and
<i>an</i> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>phonetically as well as
graphically. They are very significant in the English language facilitating consonantal
and vowel sound difference in speech. Sri Lankan students who make these
mistakes tend to make pause in between <i>a</i> and <i>action</i> or <i>internet</i>
so that they are able to articulate <i>a action* </i>or <i>a internet*</i>. If
they verbalize the expression at the natural pace, <i>an action</i> will be an
easier and smooth one because the consonant, <i>n</i> facilitates a
phonetically convenient verbalization between <i>a</i> and <i>action </i>or <i>a
internet*</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I am <u>the
consumer</u> of (the) <u>Ceylon Electricity (Board)</u>. (53)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I am the consumer
of Colombo 7 area of your company. (63)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The writer
introduces himself or herself as </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the consumer of Ceylon Electricity </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">at the very
beginning of the letter. This expression may give the impression that s/he is
the only consumer of the Board. There are many customers the </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ceylon Electricity</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Board so the writer can introduce himself or
herself as a consumer or one of the consumers. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Article Omission Error<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>[AOE]</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
error type, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Article Omission
Error [AOE] was made by 26% of the students. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><u>Most
of activities</u> (are) bas(ed) on computer. (04)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">In
general, <i>most </i>is used to refer about a large, general group, for
example, <i>most teachers earn less than other professionals do</i>. When a
smaller, more specific group is mentioned, <i>most of</i> is used, for example,
<i>most of the students in this school are poor</i>. Grammatically, <i>most</i> is
not followed by a determiner (a, the, this, etc.) but <i>most of</i>
does. The acceptable use is <i>most of the activities. </i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.65pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><u>Electricity
board</u> (has been)give(-ing) good support to us. (04)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I
am <u>customer</u> in <u>Ceylon electricity board</u>. (29)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I
am Ponnaiya Kajan & <u>consumer of electricity power supply</u> in <u>pampaimadu
area</u>. (55)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">It
is one of the typical errors students make. The writers have omitted the
article, <i>the</i>, in front of </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Electricity board</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ceylon electricity board</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">pampaimadu area</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
and also <i>electricity</i>, <i>b</i></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">oard</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> and </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">pampaimadu</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> have not been capitalized</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The definite
article is used before a place name or an institution if it consists of an
adjective followed by a noun, for example, <i>the British Council</i>. In the
second sentence, the writer introduces himself or herself as <i>customer</i> so
it should be <i>a customer</i> or <i>one of the customers</i>. Here, the
non-quantitative use of <i>a</i> is found in attributive predicative complement
indicating simple set membership. The writer belongs to the set denoted by the
noun <i>customer</i> but quantitative <i>a</i> expresses existential
quantification, e.g, <i>she has bought a new computer</i>. In the third
sentence (55), <i>a</i> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">consumer of the electricity power
supply in the Pampaimadu area</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> is acceptable. Here </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">electricity power supply</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> also needs the definite
article as it particularizes a location.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>That is <u>vital problem</u>
for us. (84)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 0in 305.65pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Here, if the
writer introduces a problem, then it becomes <i>a </i></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">vital problem</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> or if it is particularized, reminded and asserted, it becomes </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">vital problem</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 0in 305.65pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>It
<u>is great services</u> to us if you make the power cut, immediately you
inform consumers. (04) </span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 0in 305.65pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The whole
expression is erroneous. The acceptable form can be, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">it would be a great service</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. The writer has ignored the subject-verb-complement
agreement. Since the writer means the service of power supply, the pluralized
noun is unnecessary so the indefinite article, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, can join
with the singular noun, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">service</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>we
hope <u>quickly reply</u> from you about this problem. (05)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 0in 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The absence of the indefinite article, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, with the
use of an adverb as the adjective, causes this error. The writer is familiar
with the schema of an adverb-verb sequence in</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> quickly reply</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. S/he has
substituted the adjective-noun sequence, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">quick reply</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, with the adverb-verb
sequence,</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> quickly reply</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. Thus, the acceptable form is
</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a quick reply</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 0in 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 0in 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>So
that <u>area peoples</u> are facing difficult(ies) by the events. (11)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 146.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 146.7pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The schematization of <i>people</i> as <i>peoples</i>
needs discussion. Many of our Sri Lankan students use <i>peoples</i> in their
sentences. Though the word already refers to several persons, it seems there is
no need to add an "<i>s</i>" but sometimes, the term <i>peoples</i>
is used. The difference between the two is that "<i>peoples</i>"
refers to several groups of people and each group shares a common
culture. </span><a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/peoples" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/peoples</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> gives these
examples: (1) <i>Archaeologists have found little direct evidence of
confrontation between the two peoples.</i> (2) <i>At heart, this is a
struggle of two peoples for the same patch of land.</i> This usage
of peoples is relatively rare and, generally speaking, when a learner
of English says "peoples" instead of "people", they usually
and simply make a mistake. Here also, the writer means only one group of people
living in a particular area, not many groups in many areas so it should be <i>the
area people</i>. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 146.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 0in 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><u>Students</u>
are reluctant to studying because of <u>power cut</u>. (12)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 0in 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I
am stay(ing) at <u>above address</u>. (13)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I,
kastury, wish to inform you about <u>power cut in our area</u>. (20)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In
<u>above address area</u>, suddenly power cut. (25)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Please
kindly listen over <u>problem</u>. (26)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Anyway
sir you should decided this solution for <u>problem</u>. (38)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><u>all
people of Nawala area</u> suffered from these problem. (46)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>That’s
a main problem in <u>area people income</u>. (73)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 75.05pt 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In
the area <u>people </u>very affected and faced many problems to the sudden
power cut. (78)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 0in 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 0in 305.65pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">These errors
simply represent the ignorance of the students about the use of the definite
article, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, with nouns indicating particularity or
definiteness. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 4.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 0in 305.65pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 0in 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>so
that <u>the number of public</u> face the many problem. (18)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 0in 305.65pt; text-indent: -67.35pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 0in 305.65pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Though the writer wants to say
‘many people’, s/he uses, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">public</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, for </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the public</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> replacing ‘people’ and uses the definite article, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the,</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> for the indefinite article, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, before </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">number</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> which is a quantificational noun. Here we have this imprecise
quantificational sense which does not allow cardinal numerals, *</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">two numbers of people</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. Though s/he intends indefiniteness, s/he uses
the article of definiteness. Normally the word, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">number</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> does not go
with the word, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the public</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. Therefore,
the noun phrase, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a number of people, </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">is appropriate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Fernando (n.d) did ‘a preliminary study of the use of the definite article
‘the’ in the academic essays of twenty-one undergraduates following English as
a subject at the Department of English, Faculty of Arts of the University of
Colombo’ in Sri Lanka. The respondents were ‘of relatively high level of
English Proficiency’ in her study but my subjects did not have this level. She
came up with the findings that ‘the omission of ‘the’ being the most recurrent
difficulty’. She had covered the incorrect addition of ‘the’ and concluded that
it was also a considerable difficulty. My paper also discusses this issue. In
the use of ‘a/an’, my findings were similar to hers.</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Quantitative
Use <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Determiners are
used in front of nouns to indicate whether you are referring to something
specific or something of a particular type. In other
words determiners are noun-modifiers that express the
reference of a noun or noun-phrase in the context. This function is performed
by determiners which are: articles, demonstratives, possessive
determiners or quantifiers. However, when the letters of the first 26 students
were analyzed for the quantitative use of pronouns, articles, and other
determiners such as demonstratives, possessive determiners or quantifiers,
nobody has used the indefinite article, <i>an</i> in their letters. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Table.1
The quantitative use of the Determiners and Pronouns in the Letter <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: .65in; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.8pt;" valign="top" width="106">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Times</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 56.1pt;" valign="top" width="75">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Number of students using ‘an’ out of 26</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Number of students using ‘a’ out of 26</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Number of students using ‘the’ out of 26</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Number of students using other determiners out of
26</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Number of students using pronouns out of 26</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.8pt;" valign="top" width="106">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1-3</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 56.1pt;" valign="top" width="75">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">14</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.8pt;" valign="top" width="106">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1-4</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 56.1pt;" valign="top" width="75">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.8pt;" valign="top" width="106">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4-5</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 56.1pt;" valign="top" width="75">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.8pt;" valign="top" width="106">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6-7</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 56.1pt;" valign="top" width="75">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.8pt;" valign="top" width="106">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">6-8</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 56.1pt;" valign="top" width="75">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">5</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.8pt;" valign="top" width="106">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7-9</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 56.1pt;" valign="top" width="75">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">11</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.8pt;" valign="top" width="106">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10-11</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 56.1pt;" valign="top" width="75">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.8pt;" valign="top" width="106">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">10-15</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 56.1pt;" valign="top" width="75">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 9; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.8pt;" valign="top" width="106">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">16-23</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 56.1pt;" valign="top" width="75">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">It shows that the students generally do not pay
serious attention to the phonetic distinction between <i>a</i> and <i>an</i>
within the indefinite articles. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ten students used the indefinite
definite article, <i>a</i>, 1-3 times so<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">
the use of the indefinite article is very less but the use of the definite
article is comparatively higher and significant. </span>Fourteen students used
the definite article, <i>the</i>, 1-3 times.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Six students used the definite article, <i>the</i>, 4-5 times. Four
students used the definite article, <i>the</i>, 6-7 times whereas only one
student used the definite article, <i>the</i>, 11 times. On the whole, it is
understandable that even the use of other determiners too is average or
moderate. Ten students used other determiners 1-3 times. Eight students used
them 4-5 times. Five students used them, 6-8 times whereas only two students
used them 10 times but the use of pronoun is very high in numbers. Eleven
students used them 7-9 times. Eight students used them, 10-15 times whereas
four students used them 16-23 times. Only three students used pronouns 1-4
times. The pronouns are easier to use than the determiners so the students
learn to use the pronouns better and earlier than the determiners.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Suggestions and Recommendations</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ESP (English for Specific
Purposes) teachers need to pay more attention to the use of article and other
determiners in business English sessions, especially in tackling the</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">
categorizations of the non-generic definite article identified with the four
categories: cultural, situation, structural, and textual. They pose many
challenges to our Sri Lankan students. They</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> relate to social features and interactional
aspects of the language and direct the learners to use the social sub-skills
and pragmatic elements in their business letters.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">As Fernando
(n.d) suggested, my study also suggests that ‘Sri Lankans should be
familiarized with the rules pertaining to the rules of the definite article: cataphoric
reference, proper nouns, anaphoric reference, institutional reference, the
logical use of ‘the’ etc. Further, she did not fail to reveal that the
mechanisms used in the Sri Lankan languages versus the English language on the
concept of definiteness should be investigated.</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
finding can contribute to the understanding and critical and creative appraisal
and judgment of the competence and performance of the Sri Lankan students on
the discourse construction, contribution and consumption of the genre of
business letter. The output can contribute to the Sri Lankan business
communication discourse.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: -4.8pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Conclusion</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: -4.8pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">This paper reinforces the importance of the use of articles and other
determiners in business English and the realization to instill the notion of
countability, definiteness and particularity. With greater use of learners’
dictionaries, students could more correctly identify when nouns are used
countably or uncountably. The concept of definiteness is, however, more
problematic. Nevertheless, it is possible, as Master (1997, p.216) claims, for
teachers to make a positive contribution to learners’ knowledge in this
important area. The errors of combination, sequence, addition, omission, and
choice have been analyzed and explained in detail. The teachers can plan their
methodology appropriate to correct these errors and improve their writing. The
main objective of this paper is to analyze and identify the linguistic and
discourse processes of the error construction. It is a linguistic and discourse
analysis. It does not aim to find the proper teaching methodology to tackle
these errors. A research can be conducted in future to find the methodology as
well. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: -4.8pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">This research creates an
awareness of the linguistic and pragmatic errors in general, made by the Sri
Lankan students and the possibility of challenging the assumptions about the
linguistic, structural and contextual norms of business letter writing in the
countries where English is the native language. It provides a consistent
presentation of the levels of the performance of the students appropriate to or
inappropriate to the Sri Lankan situation and suggests the ways of teaching,
learning, training, evaluating and researching the discourse of business
letters in English in Sri Lanka and the consequent implications and improvement
in the process and product. It clarifies many misunderstandings and prejudices
of both the students and teachers on the issue analyzed. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Reference</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Bickerton, D.,
1981. <i>Roots of Language</i>. Ann Arbor: Karoma Publishers.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Butler, Y.G., 2002.
Second language learners’ theories on the use of English articles. <i>Studies
in Second Language Acquisition</i>, 24, 451-480.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Dulay, H, Burt,
M. and Krashen, S., 1982. <i>Language two</i>. new York: Oxford University
Press.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Garcia Mayo, G.
and del Pilar, M., 2008. “The acquisition of four nongeneric uses of the
article the by Spanish EFL learners”, <i>System </i>36, 550-565.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Hawkins, J.A.,
1978. <i>Definiteness and Indefiniteness</i>. London: Croom Helm.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Hewson, J., 1972.
<i>Article and Noun in English</i>. The Hague: Mouton.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ionin,
T, Maria, L, and Salvador, B., 2008. “Sources of linguistic knowledge in the
second language acquisition of english articles”, Lingua 118, 554-576.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Isabelli-García,
C. and Slough, R., 2012.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Acquisition of
the non-generic definite article by Spanish learners of English as a foreign
language. Illinois Wesleyan University : OnOmázein 25 (2012/1): 95-105</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Liu, D. and
Gleason, J.L., 2002. Acquisition of the article <i>the </i>by nonnative
speakers of English.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-indent: -.5in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Studies in Second
Language Acquisition</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">, 24, 1-26.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Miller,
J., 2005. Most of ESL students have trouble with the articles. </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">International
Education Journal</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">, ERC 2004 Special Issue, 2005, 5(5), 80-88. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Master, P., 1995.
“Consciousness raising and article pedagogy”, in Diane D. Belcher & George
Braine (eds.): <i>Academic writing in second language: Essays on research and
pedagogy</i>, new Jersey: Ablex: 183-204.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Master, P., 1997.
The English article system: Acquisition, function, and pedagogy. <i>System</i>,
25 (2), 215-232.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Master, P., 2002. Information structure and English article pedagogy. <i>System</i>,
30, 331-348.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Quirk, R. and Greenbaum, S., 1973. <i>A University Grammar of English. </i>London:
Longman</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 31.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 31.5pt; text-indent: -31.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Fernando, S., (n.d). A study of the use of the definite article </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">‘</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">the</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">’ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">in academic essays by
Sri Lankan undergraduates at the Department of English in the University of
Colombo. Accessed 02-01-2013. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><</span><a href="http://archive.cmb.ac.lk/research/bitstream/70130/1104/1/Siromi%20Fernando_A%20study%20of%20the%20use.pdf"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9.0pt;">http://archive.cmb.ac.lk/research/bitstream/70130/1104/1/Siromi%20Fernando_A%20study%20of%20the%20use.pdf</span></a><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 49.5pt; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Trenkic,
D., 2007. “Variability in second language article production: Beyond the
representational deficit vs. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>processing
constraint debate”, Second Language Research 23 (3), 289-329.</span></div>
jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-62556093369772698172012-11-08T03:10:00.003-08:002012-11-08T03:18:27.323-08:00'Sir' and 'Madam' in Sri Lankan Universities- the Discourse suppressing creativity and criticism?<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
Jeyaseelan Gnaanseelan</div>
<br />
My article appeared in Online Uthayan, the English website of the Tamil Newspaper, Uthayan on 6th November 2012. <br />
<br />
<a href="http://onlineuthayan.com/english-news/articles/24y2s2e1g1g1" target="_blank">http://onlineuthayan.com/english-news/articles/24y2s2e1g1g1</a><br />
<br />
<br />
<img src="http://onlineuthayan.com/english-news/images/uthayan-logo-english.png" /><br />
<br />
<div class="text_style_10_l" style="color: #124a83; float: left; font-family: Calibri, 'Myriad Pro', Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; margin: 6px 0px 10px; width: 690px;">
'Sir' and 'Madam' in Sri Lankan Universities- the Discourse suppressing creativity and criticism?</div>
<div style="float: left; margin: 0px; width: 690px;">
<img border="0" height="150" src="http://onlineuthayan.com/english-news/Uploads/Stories/mUNZJJ0G.jpg" style="float: left; margin: 4px 8px 6px 0px;" width="150" /><span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">Just imagine you are a senior lecturer possessing doctorate. </span><br />
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">While you are conducting a lecture, if one student of Bachelor’s program </span><br />
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">raises his hand and says, ‘Rajaratnam, could I ask you a question?’</span></div>
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">
</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">what will be the emotional reaction from both you and the rest of the students? </span><br />
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">But it is happening elsewhere! My intention in this article is that it must be </span><br />
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">an ice breaker for those university dons who are obsessed </span><br />
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">with their power distance from their students as well as from their junior staff. </span><br />
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">Globally, there are large differences in the way students normally expect </span><br />
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">to address their university teachers. In the radically developed </span><br />
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">Northern European and North American countries, students are </span><br />
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">more informal and address their lecturers with their first name even though they possess </span><br />
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">academic titles such as Dr. or Professor. However, students and lecturers use </span><br />
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">these academic titles also in certain formal contexts but the use does not bear ‘power distance’.</span></div>
<span class="text_style_04_n" style="color: #505050; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Let me state an important example to reduce power distance from outside the university context. <br />
In USA, the president of the United States is addressed as ‘Mr. President’ or ‘Ms. President’.<br />
They have got rid of glorifying the president with the words of salutation, ‘His Excellency’ and so on.<br />
But in Asia, we continue to use these ornamental words belonging to the eras of kingdoms. In USA,<br />
it is purposely planned to address like this so that it is expected that the power distance between<br />
the American president and the American citizens will be reduced and the people will feel<br />
‘sort of equality’ psychologically and it will give them confidence even to criticize the president in public. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<strong>Confidence and first names</strong></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Is it psychologically healthy to address the lecturers with their first names, which is something radical<br />
and almost impossible in Sri Lanka? So far, we have allowed the students to address us with<br />
our first names but with the compl(i)ement, ‘sir’ or ‘madam’ at the end, for example, ‘Bandula sir’ or<br />
‘Rohini Madam’ which is typically Asian in usage, whereas, a British student will never address,<br />
‘John sir’ in British Universities. Will we allow our students at least, to call or address us as<br />
‘Mr/Dr/Professor Bandula’ in our lecture halls? very rarely indeed. So what forbids us from asking<br />
our students and our junior lecturers to stop calling us ‘sir’ and ‘madam’?- our culture?<br />
our age? our qualifications? our seniority in profession? Or is it just the power distance we want<br />
to have always to control and dominate them discipline-wise so that we can survive evading<br />
by not responding to or respecting their radical thinking and expressions of creativity and criticism?<br />
Are we afraid of them? Do we want to maintain a gap between our students and ourselves and<br />
a gap between junior lecturers and senior lecturers for this intentional or unintentional purpose?<br />
Will the heads of the departments, deans of the faculties, rectors of the campuses,<br />
directors of the institutes, registrars, bursars and vice chancellors of the universities,<br />
chairmen of the committees allow both the students and staff to write to them as<br />
‘Dear Head’, ‘Dear Dean’, ‘Dear Rector’, ‘Dear Director’, ‘Dear Registrar’,<br />
‘Dear Bursar’, ‘Dear Vice-chancellor’, ‘Dear Chairman’ rather than ‘Dear sir’ or ‘Dear Madam’? </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<strong>Encouraging innovativeness</strong></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
All these questions are definitely inconvenient and irritating to many of us holding these positions. The answers are unwelcome to many Sri Lankan university dons. In the name of culture, seniority, and profession, if we are going to suppress innovativeness and independent thinking and acting of our students, we are killing ‘the scientific and objective attitudes’ of our young Sri Lankan undergraduates. Maintaining power and authority can work elsewhere, definitely not at the universities where, right or wrong, independent thinking and doing should be encouraged. Blaming the students and junior staff for their excesses sometimes resulted in will not be the right excuse to main control and domination. Honestly speaking, we should tolerate their ‘moderate or constructive excesses’ rather than punishing them, I would say. The younger generation always wants to break free from the existing cultural, religious, social, linguistic, conventional establishments. It does not matter whether these establishments are right or wrong. Scientific curiosity dictates trial and error method for innovation and advancement. The use of sir and madam definitely contributes to this suppression. Though I accept this foul play practiced among us, I am also one of the academics passively accepting the address of ‘sir’ by the students. But I promise that I am going to experiment this new venture among my students and junior staff gradually. All of us will agree that the west has developed to this extent because their younger generation is free from all the linguistic, cultural, religious and economic shackles. They think fresh and practice ‘flesh and blood’. It gives them confidence. They are not afraid of what the lecturers would say or do to them. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Anne-Wil Harzing, (2010) confirms that the different addresses in different countries are to “general cultural differences, such as the higher level of informality in Northern Europe and North America and the generally higher level of power distance in Asian and Latin countries”. However, in USA and India, typically all the university teachers whether junior or senior lecturers or professors are generally addressed as ‘Professor’ (not exclusively for those who are ‘full professors’) and ‘Doctor’ is also popularly used because it is found that most of the university teaching staff are PhD holders. In USA, though they use ‘professor’ or ‘doctor’ for addressing everyone, it does not have that implication of a high level of formality or power distance as it might be in other countries like ours. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<strong>Socio-cultural and business context</strong></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The courtesy conventions in Sri Lankan Universities are the borrowings from the western models. In modern British English, very rarely people are addressed as Sir or Madam, except in situations which might dictate a certain amount of politeness - for example when speaking to an elderly person literally or figuratively. Another context where these words of courtesy are used is business. Politeness enhances sales, consequently, profitability. However, it is true that, in the United States, Sir and Ma'am are very much alive and well mostly in the same contexts. Then what about their use in universities? How do they have an impact on developing the creative and critical skills of both the teachers and students?</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<strong>Educational context</strong></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Students address teachers during a lecture\class at Sri Lankan university as ‘Sir’, ‘Madam’ (ma’am’ in short) or Miss (even the married female teacher is addressed as ‘Miss.’ They pronounce the ‘s’ sound not the ‘z’ sound which is in ‘Ms’. However, when they address them in writing, they use, ‘Ms’ or ‘Mrs’, if married, or ‘Miss’ for both married and unmarried in informal writing). "Ms." (Ms. + surname) may be the preferred choice of both married and single women since it does not indicate whether or not the woman is married. But our school students call the teachers at school as ‘Sir’ for male teachers and ‘teacher’ or ‘Miss’ (or ‘ma’am’ in well established highly urbanized schools) for female teachers. But in the UK nowadays, students call the teachers at school and universities as Mr/Mrs/Miss + surname largely. However, in the US, they use the appropriate honorific and the first name as well, “Professor/Mr/Dr. John, I do not understand the example.” However, radically, there are many college or university lecturers and professors who prefer to be called by their first name.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
In the same way, it is practiced in the written communication as well. “Dear Sir’ and “Dear Madam’ is of popular use among the schools and universities not only between students and teachers or administrators but also between teachers and administrators, and between senior lecturers and junior lecturers. Sometimes this usage causes power equation problems. Senior lecturers and professors have to address less qualified or less experienced senior academics or senior or junior academic and non-academic administrators as ‘sir’ or ‘madam’ with ‘uneasiness’ sometimes. Please note that I am just saying how they feel; I do not justify ‘their uneasiness’. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<strong>Power distance and creativeness and criticism</strong></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
It is evident that the west is slowly getting rid of these usages of power distance. Psychologically both students and university teachers experience ‘barriers’ for expressing their creativity and criticism when they ‘learn under’ or ‘work under’ academics and senior academics or heads of the department, deans of the faculty or vice chancellor of the university or registrar or bursar of the university. University environment must be a place for students and academics where they should learn not ‘under’ senior lecturers but ‘with’ their guidance. Therefore, students, while learning in or outside the lecture halls, addressing the lecturers as ‘sir’ or ‘ma’am’, may cause the construction of ideological attitudinal position that they are inferior to lecturers or senior lecturers in expressing creative and critical views and consequently withdraw from sharing them with them. Therefore, students calling them by the appropriate honorific and their first name (Mr./Mrs./Ms/Dr./Prof. Rajan) will definitely develop confidence, independent spirit and free will to think and act innovatively. This practice will allay fear, shyness, reservation, inferiority complex, dependent mindset of a university student and will get rid of the ideology- teachers KNOW everything and students ARE TO KNOW everything; teachers have power and authority on that particular discipline and students have to be passive, responsive and submissive to whatever teachers think and act. The same situation is applicable to the junior lecturers and lecturers in Sri Lanka. Our tradition is to address the senior staff as ‘sir’ or ‘madam’ orally or in written forms. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
It is true that situations may arise and lead to confusion and offense in the relationship between the student and the teacher if it is allowed to be misused or abused. But the problem is that we Asians are more traditional and conventional; we feel secure when new things are not tried among us and changes must not be allowed to destabilize our existing systems we feel at home with whether they are right or wrong. Unlike the student community of the west, who are so outspoken and smart in interacting with the teachers and administrators without any psychological inhibitions, our students terribly suffer from reservation, fear, shyness, and hesitation in trying to interact with the lecturers as well as even with their peers from the opposite sex. Majority is always silent, passive and meek in the lecture halls, afflicted by many psychological inhibitions. This linguistic usage will definitely give them confidence to be smart with their lecturers and junior lecturers with their senior lecturers and administrators. On the other hand, our students will feel serious discomfort when we invite them to address us by our given or first name only or our first names with the academic titles. The historically transmitted social constructions in the language of address fed to us from birth onwards will discourage them to do so. They will feel that these new usages will be disrespectful to the teachers and administrators. However, gradually we have to train both the university teachers and students for experimenting new linguistic usages which give confidence to reach the climax of human development. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<strong>Flexible interaction</strong></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
For teachers and administrators to understand their students and junior staff better, they have to build the rapport that is crucial in maintaining a healthy student–teacher or lecturer-administrator relationship. Anne-Wil Harzing, (2010) advises that being aware about students' different perceptions of "distance" between student and teacher help us to think about different ways to engage students. This can be extremely useful in exemplifying how interactions- formal and informal-can also be impacted upon by people's attitude. </div>
</span></div>
<div class="text_vsmall_gray_n" style="color: #999999; float: left; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: 22px; width: 690px;">
Tuesday , 06 November 2012</div>
<div style="float: left; height: 10px; width: 640px;">
</div>
<br />
<br />
<br />jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4266126324386221461.post-23994530050503940072012-10-27T22:52:00.002-07:002012-10-27T22:52:22.033-07:00SEDA UK Award-Accredited Teacher in Higher Education<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0.5in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jeyaseelan Gnanaseelan </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0.5in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0.5in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">International Accreditation<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0.5in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-right: 0.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Latha; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“Accredited Teacher in Higher
Education” awarded by The Staff &
Education Development Association, ( United Kingdom) September 2003</span></b><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhR9cGJXL1w1j34Q9xdWXzJFuzkamG12A2hvvQtE6N7H054U54wlSZyKrICpyDoPBLfoXWay2SOMOOvk95c39WarQmoUU2mRIX7fbylkGbWvzaeXLkZJDoAGURDCIBL0RSkxFOAcRaiOqWr/s1600/Colombo+university+Teacher+in+higher+education+1.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhR9cGJXL1w1j34Q9xdWXzJFuzkamG12A2hvvQtE6N7H054U54wlSZyKrICpyDoPBLfoXWay2SOMOOvk95c39WarQmoUU2mRIX7fbylkGbWvzaeXLkZJDoAGURDCIBL0RSkxFOAcRaiOqWr/s640/Colombo+university+Teacher+in+higher+education+1.jpeg" width="488" /></a></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2U5rQoe3uRClSXYQ7jNTKYJOC2BCKIF0lQfJFF6d_dBC3tfpA9nkRTrg3sbkwZepnMuxpQvbPdJZhUdPCN7uJxUJYqIxCY7JJZrlzlKkYE9t-Kic9gGs2cObaPpTLF6hjJfhyphenhyphenYgfmKrLP/s1600/CTHE+Portfolio+for+SEDA+acceptance.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2U5rQoe3uRClSXYQ7jNTKYJOC2BCKIF0lQfJFF6d_dBC3tfpA9nkRTrg3sbkwZepnMuxpQvbPdJZhUdPCN7uJxUJYqIxCY7JJZrlzlKkYE9t-Kic9gGs2cObaPpTLF6hjJfhyphenhyphenYgfmKrLP/s640/CTHE+Portfolio+for+SEDA+acceptance.jpeg" width="466" /></a><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE7s9EOHgJj268Q8vdJbF76YVPgUl_qfIv_oyqDzPCA4LOJkGOmWahFZgwVleTZSNWBLBy3HLlpghcmnf2PoHEKuC9tUHHIA7nQ2YZLYZqcTOkC56Zz3hrwJR2nu47QQL-zJGZUg8zWrMd/s1600/Colombo+university+Teacher+in+higher+education+2.jpeg.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE7s9EOHgJj268Q8vdJbF76YVPgUl_qfIv_oyqDzPCA4LOJkGOmWahFZgwVleTZSNWBLBy3HLlpghcmnf2PoHEKuC9tUHHIA7nQ2YZLYZqcTOkC56Zz3hrwJR2nu47QQL-zJGZUg8zWrMd/s640/Colombo+university+Teacher+in+higher+education+2.jpeg.jpeg" width="466" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYnMV6UCsFGKSLgBYRceQ8qYNIZEAVruLN-31sBfRxfV9jlRNLBCPGtIH01vHQg7FR9IbcKwO9tkKJALfzWT7Dh0LmXIcBKIjiyQ1wFWuWnYqYFyzRYGu3IIu41di-UVjXm6CM2M-8W9HE/s1600/certificate+in+teaching+in+huigher+education+colombo+university.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYnMV6UCsFGKSLgBYRceQ8qYNIZEAVruLN-31sBfRxfV9jlRNLBCPGtIH01vHQg7FR9IbcKwO9tkKJALfzWT7Dh0LmXIcBKIjiyQ1wFWuWnYqYFyzRYGu3IIu41di-UVjXm6CM2M-8W9HE/s640/certificate+in+teaching+in+huigher+education+colombo+university.jpeg" width="466" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-right: .5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Latha; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></b></div>
jgspringhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16503507232440253999noreply@blogger.com3